• 전자통신동향분석
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2019

In this article, we introduce examples and technologies relating to particulate matter (PM) reduction technology, for the purpose of reducing PM that harms health and affects the entire industry such as dust-sensitive semiconductor industry. First, the definition of PM and how it is generated is explained, including its effects on the human body. In addition, various methods for measuring PM are described, including examples of the restrictions on the operation of polluting vehicles and emission reduction devices. Finally, we describe techniques relating to the reduction and forecasting of PM.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.493-495
• /
• 2016

농축산 전염병 위기완화서비스 모델구조 및 용용모델은 모바일, 인터넷등 네트워크 기반에서 전염병과 같은 위기 발생 지점과 위기 영향 영역 사이에 위기완화 및 위기 통제기능을 두어 위기완화를 대처해 나가는 체계 및 응용모델을 제시한다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2021

Objectives : To examine texts dealing with the Wenyilun in South Korea and to re-evaluate its medical theories that have been underrated in previous texts. Methods : The contents and organization of the Gejiaxueshuo were analyzed. In addition, a research paper on the overall contents of the Wenyilun was studied. Results : Common theories of the miscellaneous qi that were mentioned in the two documents such as 'specificity', 'nine-part transition treatment theory', and 'one disease one formula' are either irrelevant or resulting from erroneous interpretation. While both texts evaluated the merits and harms of the Wenyilun, erroneously deducted contents were used as evidence for negative assessments in both. Conclusions : Should the contents of the Wenyilun be evaluated with a focus on the critical points that clinicians with vast experiences with epidemic disease patients raised, we would be judging the text differently.

• 무역학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2019

This paper determines if mandated alcohol health information labelling could be an obstacle to international trade by discussing international trade rules affecting member nations. WTO members could use alcohol labelling rules to protect human health, reduce the consumption of alcohol and provide product information. When a member uses alcohol labelling as a technical regulation or standard, it should comply with TBT Articles 2.2 and 2.4. If a member uses some specific warning messages for their objectives, it should be considered the contribution of the measure, trade restrictiveness, and alternatives. If WTO members want to employ their own alcohol labelling schemes for addressing carcinogenicity, intoxicating effects, dependence potential, effects on children, adolescents and pregnancy, it could be a technical barrier and also create adverse effects on international trade. Therefore, the harms of alcohol are supported by scientific evidence, and for this reason, the international harmonization for alcohol labelling should be discussed openly to prevent negative effects on trade.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.349-352
• /
• 2015

Size of building has a direct relationship with building cost, energy use and space maintenance cost. Therefore, minimizing building size during a project development is of paramount importance against such wastes. However, incautious reduction of building size may result in crowded space, and therefore harms the functionality despite the fact that building is supposed to satisfactorily support users' activity. A well-balanced design solution is, therefore, needed at an optimum level that minimizes building size in tandem with providing sufficient space to maintain functionality. For such design, architects and engineers need to be informed accurate and reliable space-use information. We present in this paper a conceptual framework of an agent-based space-use prediction simulation system that provides individual level space-use information over time in a building in consideration of project specific user information and activity schedules, space preference, ad beavioural rules. The information will accordingly assist architects and engineers to optimize space of the building as appropriate.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2004

한국산 생약재인 가시오갈피 , 마황, 복분자, 인진쑥을 이용하여 추출과정 중 $40^{\circ}C,\;60^{\circ}C,\;100^{\circ}C$로 온도를 달리 하여 기존의 열수 추출방법과 초음파를 범행한 추출로 인해 면역 활성 증진이 다르게 나타나는 효과를 비교 실험하였다. 실험 결과 여러 조건 중 복분자 $60^{\circ}C$, 40 kHz의 초음파 병행 추출물이 가장 좋은 항암활성 증진 효과를 나타내었다. 추출시 모든 열수 추출물들에 비해 초음파 병행 추출물의 추출 수율이 높게 나타났다. 이는 추출시 열수 추출에서 미쳐 빠져나오지 않았던 여러 활성 물질이 초음파 처리에 의해 공동화현상과 더불어 액체간의 상호 탈기 작용에 의해 추출 수율의 상승효과를 가져온 것으로 사료된다. Apoptosis 실험에서는 5일 동안 인간 폐암 세포인 A549의 세포를 이용하여 활성이 좋았던 마황과 복분자의 $60^{\circ}C$ 열수 추출물과 초음파 추출을 병행한 추출물을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 apoptotic이 열수 추출물보다는 초음파 병행 추출물을 투여한 군에서 더 많이 관찰되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이와 마찬가지로 HL-60 세포분화능 실험에서도 열수 추출물보다는 초음파를 병행한 추출물들이 높은 세포 분화 활성도를 나타냈다. 또한 모든 조건 중에서 생약재들이 $60^{\circ}C$, 40 kHz 초음파 병행 추출물에서 가장 높은 세포 분화 활성도를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과로 보아, 앞으로 한국산 생약재의 고부가가치 창출을 위해 더 많은 실험을 통하여 초음파의 병행 처리에 따른 효과와 이를 통한 기능성 소재 및 기능성 식품으로의 이용을 위해 더 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각되어진다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.322-333
• /
• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are 2 of the independent predictors for cardiovascular disease, while Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH) is a traditional medicinal plant that can improve cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the fruit of ASH on vascular function in apparently healthy subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, consisting of healthy adults with at least 2 of the following 3 conditions: borderline high blood pressure (BP; 120 mmHg ≤ systolic BP ≤ 160 mmHg or 80 mmHg ≤ diastolic BP ≤ 100 mmHg), smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day), and borderline blood lipid levels (220 ≤ total cholesterol ≤ 240, 130 ≤ low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤ 165, or 150 ≤ triglyceride ≤ 220 mg/dL). Randomly assigned 76 subjects who received a placebo or 2 doses of ASH fruit (low, 500 mg/day; high, 1,000 mg/day) completed the intervention. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, and BP were measured both at baseline and following the 12-week intervention. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the low-dose group showed more significant changes after the 12-week intervention period in terms of systolic BP (0.1 vs. -7.7 mmHg; P = 0.044), baPWV (31.3 vs. -98.7 cm/s; P = 0.007), and the ratio of phospho-eNOS/eNOS (0.8 vs. 1.22; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ASH fruit extract at 500 mg/day has the potential to improve BP and arterial stiffness via endothelial eNOS activation in healthy adults with smoking and the tendency of having elevated BP or blood lipid parameters.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권15호
• /
• pp.6293-6298
• /
• 2015

Opportunistic screening for lung cancer is commonly conducted in Korea in accordance with physician recommendations and screenee's preferences. However, studies have yet to thoroughly examine the public's understanding of the risks posed by lung cancer screening. This study was conducted to assess changes in intentions to undergo lung cancer screening in response to being informed about exposure to radiation during low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) tests and to identify factors with the greatest influence thereon among Korean men. We conducted sub-group interviews among men chosen from the 2013 Korea National Cancer Screening Survey (KNCSS), a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional survey of men aged 40 to 74 years and women aged 30 to 74 years. From 4100 participants in the KNCSS, 414 men who underwent any cancer screening test within the last 2 years were randomly selected for inclusion in this study. Via face-to-face interviews, their intentions to undergo lung cancer screening were assessed before and after being informed about exposure to radiation during LDCT testing. Of the 414 participants, 50% were current smokers. After receiving information on the benefits of the test, 95.1% stated an intention to undergo screening; this decreased to 81.6% after they received information on the harms of the test. The average decrease in intention rate was 35.3%. Smoking status, household income, and education level were not associated with lowered intentions to undergo lung cancer screening. Participants who were older than 60 years old (OR=0.56; 95% CI= 0.33-0.96) and those with less concern for radiation exposure (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.36-0.89) were less likely to lower their screening intentions. The results of this study suggest that there is a need to educate both non-smokers and former smokers on the harms of lung cancer screening.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제89권2호
• /
• pp.216-222
• /
• 2000

가시오갈피나무의 약효성분에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 자생지 및 재배지간, 산지별, 직경별, 부위별 eleutheroside E 및 chlorogenic acid는 함량을 HPLC로 분석하였다. Eleutheroside E 및 chlorogenic acid의 함량을 분석한 결과 자생지와 재배지간에 함량차이가 나타났다. 뿌리의 chlorogenic acid 함량은 덕유산(0.863%), 대암산(0.667%) 및 치악산(0.630%)의 재배지에서 채취한 시료에서 가장 높았고, eleutheroside E의 함량은 오대산(0.086%) 및 응봉산(0.074%) 자생지에서 채취한 시료에서 가장 높았다. 줄기에서의 두 성분 함량은 모두 재배종 보다 자생종에서 높았으며, chlorogenic acid 함량은 오대산(0.882%)과 연엽산(0.664%), eleutheroside E 성분은 계방산(0.141%) 및 가마봉(0.125%) 산지에서 가장 높았다. 잎에서 eleutheroside E 맞 chlorogenic acid 함량은 산지간에 차이를 보였으며, 뿌리나 줄기의 함량에 비하여 낮았다. 뿌리와 줄기의 직경에 따른 eleutheroside E함량은 직경 크기가 클수록 함량이 높았다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.395-402
• /
• 2007

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) shows great potential for low $NO_x$ emission but is hampered by the problem of no direct method to control the combustion process. Therefore, HCCI combustion becomes unstable easily, especially at lower and higher engine load. This paper presents a method to achieve diesel-fueled HCCI combustion, which involves directly injecting diesel fuel into the cylinder before the piston arrives at top dead center in the exhaust stroke and adjusting the valve overlap duration to trap more high temperature residual gas in the cylinder. The combustion stability of diesel-fueled HCCI combustion and the effects of engine load, speed, and valve overlap on it are the main points of investigation. The results show that: diesel-fueled HCCI combustion has two-stage heat release rate (low temperature and high temperature heat release) and very low $NO_x$ emission, combustion stability of the HCCI engine is worse at lower load because of misfire and at higher load because of knock, the increase in engine speed aids combustion stability at lower load because the heat loss is reduced, and increasing negative valve overlap can increase in-cylinder temperature which aids combustion stability at lower load but harms it at higher load.