• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.44-52
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different objects and target location of dominant hand on the non-dominant hand movement kinematics in a bimanual reaching task. Fifteen right-handed volunteers were asked to reach from same starting point to the different target point of right and left hand with grasping the objects of different size. Independent variables were 1) three different object types (small mug cup, name pen, and PET bottle), and 2) three different target locations (shorter distance, same distance, and longer distance than the non-dominant hand) of the dominant hand. Dependent variables were movement time (MT), movement distance (MD), movement mean velocity ($MV_{mean}$), and movement peak velocity ($MV_{peak}$) of the non-dominant hand. Repeated measures two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences in the non-dominant hand movement kinematics during bimanual reaching. The results of this study were as follows: 1) MT of the non-dominant hand was increased significantly when traveling with grasping the mug cup and reaching the far target location, and was decreased significantly when traveling with grasping the PET bottle and reaching the near target location of the dominant hand. 2) MD of the non-dominant hand was significantly increased during reaching the far target location, and significantly decreased during reaching the near target location with dominant hand. 3) $MV_{mean}$ of the non-dominant hand was increased significantly when traveling with grasping the PET bottle, and was decreased significantly when traveling with grasping the mug cup of the dominant hand. Therefore, it can be concluded that the changes of the ipsilateral hand movement have influence on coupling of the contralateral hand movement in bimanual reaching.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.389-391
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• 2021

Solo hand surgery is becoming increasingly common, mostly due to a lack of assistants and dedicated operating theatres. The solo hand surgeon faces challenges of proper hand positioning, elevation, and skin flap/tissue retraction. Most commercially available hand retractors or stands do not address all the relevant problems and are not economically feasible for trainee surgeons. The Jain's hand retractor system and stand, described herein, provides solutions to all these problems, and its simple design helps surgeons to reproduce it easily.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of hand drying methods after hand-washing. Hand drying methods consisted of spontaneous evaporation, paper towel, hand dryer with rubbing, and hand dryer without rubbing. Methods: The research design was a crossover design. The subjects were eighteen university students and randomly assigned in four group. Each group had the schedule of treatment. The schedule tested one drying method per a day and proceeded for 4 days. The data collection was performed from July 27 to July 30, 2010. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon test. Results: There was significant difference between the after CFU between natural dry, paper towel, air dryer with hand rubbing, and air dryer without hand rubbing(p=.006). The after CFUs of paper towel, natural dry and air dryer without hand rubbing groups were statistically less than air dryer with hand rubbing group. Conclusion: It was shown that the paper towel, spontaneous evaporation and without rubbing hand dryer are effective hand drying interventions on reducing CFU on hand. However additional researches with large sample and strict methodology are needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.327-338
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• 1994

KES-F system is widely used in hand evaluation, however, it has encountered some challenges, such as the overlapping of primary hand value, lack of predictability in case of women's thin dress, difficulties in communication due to complexity of primary hand expression and cultural differences in subjective evaluation. Therefore, this study was intended 1) to find out the Korean primary hand expressions(factors) of the overall concept of fabric hand associated with women's spring- fall dress fabrics, 2) to develope the fabric hand attributes of those fabrics and 3) to show whether there are any differences between Korean textile experts and non-experts in terms of the concept of fabric hand descriptors of hand attributes. Data base of hand descriptors were collected by extensive interview 60 experts and 10 non - experts using 110 spring-fall dress fabrics. Finally, hand of selected fabrics was assessed by 205 experts and 265 non-experts using 7-point scale of 26 descriptors based on the data base. Subjective ratings were analyzed by common factor analysis with varimax rotation. It was found that Korean primary hand expression indicated rather simple property, hence, did not equate exactly with Japanese experssion(e.g. koshi, shinayakasa, etc.) which contains several material properties. There were differences in stretch IE resilience, especially liveliness, between the judgement of non- ex- pert than to experts. Surface- related category was more important to non-experts than to experts. Slight differences were found between both groups in terms of preferred descriptors. Important descriptors as a rating scale were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.313-321
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate hand washing practice and proper hand cleansing among first and second year nursing students who are prone to be exposed to nosocomial infections, and to identify the influence of perceived behavior control and self-efficacy on hand washing practices and proper hand cleansing. Method: Data for 91 students were collected from a nursing college in a metropolitan city in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 19.0. Result: The mean score for hand washing practice was 38.35 out of a possible score of 48, and the mean sore for proper hand cleansing was 18.63 out of a possible score of 28. The significant factors affecting student hand washing practice were 'residential type' (p=.016), 'perceived behavior control' (p=.021), and 'self-efficacy' (p=.033) which explained 19.9% of the variance. The significant factors affecting proper hand cleansing by the students were 'perceived behavior control' (p<.001) and 'regular exercise' (p=.026) which explained 29.8% of the variance. Conclusion: These results indicate a need for education programs on hand washing including strategies to improve perceived behavior control and self-efficacy to promote more effective hand washing practices.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge, perception and hand hygiene performance rate of hospital nurses and to identify any correlation between them. Method : Data were collected from 205 nurses working in a university hospital in Chungcheong-do. A self-report survey method was utilized. Participants completed the hand hygiene knowledge questionnaire. Results : The average knowledge of hand hygiene was 11.76 (out of 18 points), and the average perception of hand hygiene was 35.55 (out of 96). The hand hygiene performance rate was 85.62%. Knowledge of hand hygiene showed significant differences according to age (F = 75.821, p < .001), gender (t = 25.049, p < .001) and working period (F = 24.843, p < .001). The most important explanatory factor in hand hygiene performance was hand hygiene perception (${\beta}=.26$), followed by working period (${\beta}=.14$). These variables accounted for 10.0% of subjects' hand hygiene performance. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that continuous and effective education is needed to strengthen knowledge and perception of the importance of hand hygiene practice for nurses to prevent healthcare-associated infections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.416-426
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• 2019

This study measured and analyzed male firefighters hand sizes as well as suggested data for developing firefighting gloves with a good fit. Accordingly, body dimensions related to the hand were measured for 100 male firefighters. Twenty-three measuring items related to the hand and lower arm were selected. The firefighters' measurement data were compared to general adult male measurements from the 6th Korean Anthropometric data to analyze the hand sizes characteristics of firefighters. As a result, height, hand circumference, hand breadth, wrist circumference, elbow-wrist length, forearm-fingertip length and firefighter weight were significantly larger than adult males. A correlation analysis for 23 items was conducted to select items used as standards for setting a size when manufacturing firefighting gloves. Hand length and circumference were selected as representative hand parts for making firefighting gloves. Cross analysis between hand length and circumference were conducted to find the section showing the highest distribution ratio. As a result, the highest sections were between 19cm and 21cm for hand circumference and between 18.5cm and 19.5cm for hand length, which may be suggested as the most important ranges.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in the handgrip strength, dexterity, and hand function according to the presence or absence of gloves and types of gloves. METHODS: Seventy-six adults in their twenties (male: 24, female: 52, mean age 21.04 years) were the subjects of this study. The handgrip strength, dexterity, and hand function were evaluated with bare hands without gloves, poly gloves, and latex gloves. The handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer, and three pinch strength tests were performed: tip pinch, lateral pinch, and three-jaw pinch. The hand dexterity was evaluated using the Minnesota manual dexterity test, and the hand function was evaluated using the Jabson-Taylor hand function test. RESULTS: There was no difference in the grip strength depending on whether the gloves were worn. The hand grip, dexterity, and hand function showed significant differences according to the type of glove. Regarding the handgrip, dexterity, and hand function, the latex glove had the best function, and the poly glove had the lowest function. CONCLUSION: There was a difference in dexterity among the hand functions but no difference in grip strength according to the type of glove. The results suggest that the use of latex gloves in daily life be recommended.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.8-15
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• 2009

Grip strength is an objective indicator for evaluating the functional movement of upper extremities. Therapists have been using it for a long time as an excellent barometer for evaluating the therapy process, therapeutic effects and prognosis of patients with injuries in upper extremities. This study investigated the effects of extensor pattern position and elastic taping of non-dominant hand on the grip strength of dominant hand among general adults. The subjects of this study were 23 males and 7 females from physical therapy departments of 3 Universities located in Busan who agreed to participate in the experiment and the resultant data were analyzed using SPSS version 12.0. The results of the study were as follows. First, there was a significant difference between the grip strength of dominant hand when the non-dominant hand was at the neutral position and that when the non-dominant hand was at the extensor pattern position and both hands were at the maximum strength simultaneously (Bonferroni-corrected p<.001). Second, there was a significant difference between the grip strength of dominant hand when the non-dominant hand was at the neutral position and that when the elastic taping of non-dominant hand was applied (Bonferroni-corrected p<.001). Third, there was no significant difference between the grip strength of dominant hand when the non-dominant hand was at the extensor pattern position and both hands were at the maximum strength simultaneously and that when the elastic taping of non-dominant hand was applied. The irradiation effects through the extensor pattern position of non-dominant hand and application of the elastic taping to non-dominant hand showed significant results in improving the maximum grip strength of dominant hand. This finding could be suggested as the probability for the indirect treatment of the upper extremities of hemiplegia and orthopedic patients due to the long-term fixing of upper extremities.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.866-877
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the dimension of hand pattern-making for Korean glove. The glove pattern-making has difficult problem in combination of anthropometric and engineering aspects. In addition, existing dimension data are not enough for glove pattern-making. Therefore, to develop the dimension for glove this study comprehensive list of candidate hand data was reviewed and the manufacturers(career over the 15 years) were interviewed on the method of glove. The result of comparing between the structures in hand and existing glove pattern, there draw deduction from follows. Pattern-making for glove need size of hand length, thumb length, index finger length, middle finger length, ring finger length, hand circumference, thumb-ring finger circumference and maximum hand thickness.