• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.70-75
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• 2004

1. Objectives The Purpose of this study was to evaluate whether use of Sasang -Bang with western medication may injury the liver and the kidney function. We clinically studied the change Liver function test and BUN/Cr in patients who were hospitalized in Hana oriental Medical center for more than 1 month. 2. Methods The subjects were 33 patients admitted in Hana Oriental Medical center. All patients had been checked Liver Function Test and BUN/Cr three times every 2 weeks. 3. Results Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST), Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT), Gamma-Glutamyl transferase(GGT), Total billirubin, BUN, Creatine didn't change, compared with previous 2 weeks and 4 weeks. 4. Conclusions This study suggests that even though there are few toxic Sasang-Bang, in general, herbal medications with western medications which are prescribed by oriental medicine doctors should be carefully administered not to hurt liver and kidney function.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.312-317
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• 2015

Depletion of intracellular zinc by N,N,N,N-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) induces p53-mediated protein synthesis-dependent apoptosis of mouse cortical neurons. Here, we examined the requirement for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 as an upstream regulator of p53 in zinc depletion-induced neuronal apoptosis. First, we found that chemical inhibition or genetic deletion of PARP-1 markedly attenuated TPEN-induced apoptosis of cultured mouse cortical neurons. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 occurred starting 1 h after TPEN treatment. Suggesting the critical role of PARP-1, the TPEN-induced increase of stability and activity of p53 as well as poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of p53 was almost completely blocked by PARP inhibition. Consistent with this, the induction of downstream pro-apoptotic proteins PUMA and NOXA was noticeably reduced by chemical inhibitors or genetic deletion of PARP-1. TPEN-induced cytochrome C release into the cytosol and caspase-3 activation were also blocked by inhibition of PARP-1. Taken together, these findings indicate that PARP-1 is essential for TPEN-induced neuronal apoptosis.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.270-286
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel routing protocol called the Cartography Enhanced OLSR (CE-OLSR) for multi hop mobile ad hoc networks (multi hop MANETs). CE-OLSR is based on an efficient cartography gathering scheme and a stability routing approach. The cartography gathering scheme is non intrusive and uses the exact OLSR reduced signaling traffic, but in a more elegant and efficient way to improve responsiveness to the network dynamics. This cartography is a much richer and accurate view than the mere network topology gathered and used by OLSR. The stability routing approach uses a reduced view of the collected cartography that only includes links not exceeding a certain distance threshold and do not cross obstacles. In urban environments, IEEE 802.11 radio signals undergo severe radio shadowing and fading effects and may be completely obstructed by obstacles such as buildings. Extensive simulations are conducted to study the performances of CE-OLSR and compare them with those of OLSR. We show that CE-OLSR greatly outperforms OLSR in delivering a high percentage of route validity, a much higher throughput and a much lower average delay. In particular the extremely low average delay exacerbated by CE-OLSR makes it a viable candidate for the transport of real time data traffic in multi hop MANETs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.185-196
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of split ratings on earnings management through cost adjustments based on asymmetric cost behaviors. Using a sample of 2,027 Korean firm-year observations over the 2002-2019 period, we analyze whether a firm deliberately reduces discretionary costs, such as selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses, to improve profits when it receives multiple ratings from credit rating agencies (CRAs). While examining earnings management incentives in the presence of split ratings, we also investigate the moderating effects of Chaebols, Korea's unique corporate governance structure. We find that split-rating firms show less stickiness in SG&A costs compared to non-split-rating firms when sales decrease. This result implies the deliberate reduction of discretionary costs to improve earnings in the presence of split ratings, which are more likely to change in future credit assessments. We also find that the incentives for earnings management of split-rating firms are limited in Chaebol firms, which have high levels of socio-economic surveillance and support affiliated firms through the internal market of corporate groups. This study contributes to existing research by identifying new determinants of cost behavior by using the framework of asymmetric cost behavior in relation to earnings management incentives.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.771-788
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• 2019

Deep learning techniques such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) show superior performance in text classification than traditional approaches such as Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and Naïve Bayesian approaches. When using CNNs for text classification tasks, word embedding or character embedding is a step to transform words or characters to fixed size vectors before feeding them into convolutional layers. In this paper, we propose a parallel word-level and character-level embedding approach in CNNs for text classification. The proposed approach can capture word-level and character-level patterns concurrently in CNNs. To show the usefulness of proposed approach, we perform experiments with two English and three Korean text datasets. The experimental results show that character-level embedding works better in Korean and word-level embedding performs well in English. Also the experimental results reveal that the proposed approach provides better performance than traditional CNNs with word-level embedding or character-level embedding in both Korean and English documents. From more detail investigation, we find that the proposed approach tends to perform better when there is relatively small amount of data comparing to the traditional embedding approaches.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

In 2014, the Financial Services Commission designated the Tech Credit Bureaus(TCB) to issue technical credit evaluation reports. The Five credit rating agencies, KEB Hana Bank and others have issued the technical credit reports since the summer in 2014. Meanwhile, the technology evaluation model of KEB Hana Bank consists of 25 detailed evaluation items. These item classes are weighted and the technology rating is systematically. The technology rating is combined with the credit rating to calculate the technology-credit rating. In this paper, we analyzed the 406 evaluation results issued by KEB Hana Bank. Based on the number of years of work experience, company managerial years, technical personnel score, the possession of R&D department, the amount of R&D investment, the number of certifications, and the number of patents, the Correlation between the above items and the technical grade was analyzed. It was found that quantitative indicators such as the presence of R&D department, patent numbers, and R&D investment expenses had a significant effect on the company's technology grade, and in particular, the presence of R&D department was shown a high correlation with the technology rating.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2002

Knowledge management is a recent area in business administration that deals with how to leverage knowledge as a key asset and resource in modern organizations. Also, Knowledge systems are the single most important industrial and commercial offspring of the discipline called artificial intelligence. A Case Based Reasoning(CBR) system solves new problems by recalling adapting previous solutions. This paper presents the results of a recent empirical study. Furthermore this study proposes a CBR Methodology designed to manage knowledge of Hana company under e-business.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.38-44
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• 2016

소액결제에 대한 규제 완화로 이와 관련한 사기가 급증하고 있으며, 특히 소액결제가 대부분을 차지하는 온라인게임 산업은 관련 사기로 인한 피해가 증가하고 있다. 온라인 게임의 소액결제 사기는 단순히 금액에 대한 피해뿐만이 아니라 회사 브랜드에도 영향을 미치며, 나아가 고객 이탈로 이어질 수 있다. 소액결제 사기를 방지하기 위해 게임 산업에서도 이상거래 탐지 시스템이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 게임 사용자의 결제 패턴을 분석하여 이상거래를 탐지할 수 있는 머신러닝 기반의 이상거래 탐지 모델을 제시하며, 제안하는 모델을 글로벌 온라인 게임에 적용한 사례를 소개한다.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.641-653
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• 2020

To extend the well-known extremal characterization of the geometric mean of two n × n positive definite matrices A and B, we solve the following problem: $${\max}\{X:X=X^*,\;\(\array{A&V&X\\V&B&W\\X&W&C}\){\geq}0\}$$. We find an explicit expression of the maximum value with respect to the matrix geometric mean of Schur complements.