• 물과 미래
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2022

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.1038-1044
• /
• 1997

Gram 음성 및 Gram 양성균, 효모와 곰팡이의 총9종의 균주에 대해 탄소수 8-12의 저급지방간 모노글리세라이드와 아디핀산의 항균력을 조사하였다. Gram 음성균에 대해서 저급지방산 모노글리는 단독으로 거의 항균효과를 나타내지 않았으나 AP와 혼합첨가시 적은 농도에서 강한 항균효과를 나타내었으며 동일한 농도의 AP에 대해서 MG C8이 MG C10보다 높은 항균력을 나타내었다. Gram 양성균은 저급지방산 모노글리세라이드 단독으로도 항균효과가 있었으나 높은 농도가 첨가되어야 하며 AP를 혼합첨가하면 Gram 음성균과 마찬가지로 적은 농도에서도 강한 항균작용을 나타내었으나 유산균에 대해서는 항균효과가 적었다. 또한 효모 및 곰팡이는 AP보다는 모노글리세라이드가 강한 항균작용을 나타내었다. Gram 양성균과 효모 및 곰팡이는 Gram 음성균과는 달리 모노글리세라이드중 MG C10이 MG C8보다 강한 항균작용을 나타내었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.414-429
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the effects of 2% chlorhexidine bathing on the incidence of hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) in adult intensive care units. Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane library, and RISS database were systematically searched, and 12 randomized studies were included in the analysis. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 was used to calculate the effect size using the odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis was performed according to the specific infection and intervention types. Results: In general, 2% chlorhexidine bathing has a significant effect on the incidence of HAI (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40~0.86) and MDRO (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34~0.79). Subgroup analyses show 2% chlorhexidine bathing is effective in bloodstream infections (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.39~0.66) but not for urinary tract infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia infections, and Clostridium difficile infections. Moreover, 2% chlorhexidine bathing alone or its combination with other interventions has a significant effect on the incidence of HAI and MDRO (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.38~0.92). Conclusion: This meta-analysis reveals that 2% chlorhexidine bathing significantly reduces the incidence of HAI and MDRO in intensive care units. The effect of 2% chlorhexidine bathing on pediatric patients or patients at general wards should be further assessed as a cost-effective intervention for infection control.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.420-426
• /
• 2016

Climate change imposes a huge treat on the sustainability of our environment. One of the major reasons for the increasing impacts of climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, cooperative greenhouse gas emission reduction schemes with a general consensus are needed in order to reduce the impacts of climate change. Due to the strong link between greenhouse gas emission and economic development there is disagreement among countries on the designing and implementation of emission reduction plans. In this paper the authors proposed a two-stage concession game to analyze emission reduction plans and determine a balanced emission range that improves the utilities of the bargaining parties. Furthermore the game was applied to a hypothetical example. Our results from the case study indicated that even though the utilities of the bargaining parties is highly affected by emission reductions, after making concessions their utilities can be improved given their emission reductions are within in a certain desirable range. The authors hope that this article provides insights which could be useful for understanding emission reduction plans and their consequences on the negotiating parties.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
• /
• pp.455-458
• /
• 2006

Stretching on the coastline of 70 km, the Tam Giang - Cau Hai Lagoon plays a very important role for the coastal ecology and socio-economic development of Hue region where was Vietnam's Ancient Kingdom Capital and recognized as a World's Cultural Heritage. Recently, coastal hazard in the lagoon have occurred seriously such as inlet movement and fill up, coastal erosion, flood and inundation, etc. These hazards have impacted on lagoon environment, resources, ecosystems, socio-economic and sustainable development of this coastal area. This paper present a case study using remote sensing data in combination with ground survey for monitoring the coastal hazards in Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon in recent decades. Analysis results find that during its natural evolution, the lagoon has been being in three situations of only one, two and three inlets. When inlets opened or displaced, coastal erosion have occurred seriously toward new balance condition. Flood and inundation occurs every rainy season in lowland plain around lagoon. The historical flood happened in early of November 1999 with six days long, created very terrible damages for Thua Thien Hue province. Remote sensing data with capability of regular update, large area coverage is effective provide real-time and continuous information for coastal hazards monitoring.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권10호
• /
• pp.5244-5259
• /
• 2019

With the continuous development of LBS (Location Based Service) applications, privacy protection has become an urgent problem to be solved. Differential privacy technology is based on strict mathematical theory that provides strong privacy guarantees where it supposes that the attacker has the worst-case background knowledge and that knowledge has been applied to different research directions such as data query, release, and mining. The difficulty of this research is how to ensure data availability while protecting privacy. Spatial multidimensional data are usually released by partitioning the domain into disjointed subsets, then generating a hierarchical index. The traditional data-dependent partition methods need to allocate a part of the privacy budgets for the partitioning process and split the budget among all the steps, which is inefficient. To address such issues, a novel two-step partition algorithm is proposed. First, we partition the original dataset into fixed grids, inject noise and synthesize a dataset according to the noisy count. Second, we perform IH-Tree (Improved H-Tree) partition on the synthetic dataset and use the resulting partition keys to split the original dataset. The algorithm can save the privacy budget allocated to the partitioning process and obtain a more accurate release. The algorithm has been tested on three real-world datasets and compares the accuracy with the state-of-the-art algorithms. The experimental results show that the relative errors of the range query are considerably reduced, especially on the large scale dataset.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
• /
• pp.743-744
• /
• 2006

This paper is proposed an efficiency optimization control algorithm for a synchronous reluctance motor which minimizes the copper and iron losses. The design of the speed controller based on adaptive fuzzy-neural networks(AFNN) controller that is implemented using fuzzy control and neural networks. The proposed algorithm allows the electromagnetic losses in variable speed and torque drives to be reduced while keeping good torque control dynamics. The control performance of the hybrid artificial intelligent(HAI) controller is evaluated by analysis for various operating conditions. Analysis results are presented to show the validity of the proposed algorithm

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2019

Service quality is still a new concept to those who works in shipping lines services since it has not been identified as a mandatory factor to increase competitiveness. Most carriers are currently offering services at the same level of price, transit time, equipment, etc. Thus offering a high quality service is the best way for a carrier to differentiate itself from its competitors in the market. The research aims to conduct an assessment on service quality at Wan Hai Lines (WHL) outbound services based on the SERVQUAL model, form of dimension-by-dimension analysis. This study was based on a survey of 135 people. The outcome is the service quality of WHL outbound services can be identified by three dimension(s): Empathy and Responsiveness, Assurance, and Reliability. It would help management to have an overall picture about the current service quality, and to find solutions to improve service quality following the recommendations. WHL managers need to recognize that "Reliability" has the strongest influence on customers' expectations, then come "Empathy and Responsiveness" and "Assurance". Therefore, board of managers should spend time looking carefully at each of the three dimensions, especially for the biggest gap between perceptions and expectations of three dimensions as well. Then the recommendations were raised.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.188-188
• /
• 2022

Our previous study identified a resistance locus to Phytophthora sojae (isolate 2457) in an interval of 3.8-4.7 Mbp on chromosome 3 via genetic mapping using a 'Daepung'×'Daewon' recombinant inbred population. Since differential gene expression between Daepung (susceptible) and Daewon (resistant) after inoculation of P. sojae is unknown, RNA sequencing was carried out to compare transcriptomic changes between the two genotypes following inoculation with P. sojae isolate 2457. The two varieties were inoculated using hypocotyl inoculation at the VC stage and stem tissue of 1 cm above and below of the inoculated site were sampled at 0, 6, 12 hours after inoculation (hai), respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under same cultivar in different time point and Daepung vs. Daewon in same time point were investigated. In comparison of Daepung vs. Daewon at 12 hai, a total of 3,513 DEGs were identified, including two nucleotide-binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) genes (Glyma.03g034800 and Glyma.03g034900) that are located in the previously reported resistance locus on chromosome 3. In addition, 14,966 DEGs were detected between 0 vs. 6 hai, containing one of candidate genes (Glyma.03g035300). This gene was upregulated by up to 4-fold in Daewon and Daepung. Additional results will be further discussed in the presentation. This study will provide valuable information for soybean crop improvement.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 갑천의 지류인 반석천에서 도시화에 따른 서식지 교란과 수질오염의 영향에 따른 생태계 건강성 평가를 위해 2005년 7월부터 2006년 4월까지 어류를 이용한 해부학적 건강도 평가 모델지수(HAI),생태계 건강도 평가 지수(IBI)및 물리적 서식지 평가 모델(QHEI)을 이용하여 총체적 건강도를 평가하였다. 상기 모델의 시간적, 공간적인 분석을 위해 상류로부터 하류까지 총 6개 지점을 선정하여 3회 조사하였다. 생태계 건강도 평가결과 평균 24(악화${\sim}$보통상태)로 나타났고, 물리적 서식지 건강도는 평균 116(보통${\sim}$양호상태)으로 나타났다. 생태계 건강도와 물리적 서식지 건강도의 상관분석 결과 물리적 서식지 건강도는 생태계 건강도에 영향을 주는 것으로 사료되었고, 특히 서식처의 비율$(M_1)$, 유량/유속의 다양성 $(M_3)$, 여울의 빈도$(M_7)$와 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 해부학적 건강도 평가 결과 대조군은 0(최적상태)으로 나타난 반면, 처리군(T1, T2)은 각각 5 (양호상태), 50 (악화상태)로 나타났으며, 생태계 건강도가 높은 지점에서 개체건강도 역시 최적상태로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 생태계 건강도 평가(IBI), 물리적 서식지 평가(QHEI) 및 해부학적 개체 건강도 평가(HAI)를 통한 평가 기법은 하천 생태계의 총체적 건강도 평가를 위한 좋은 모델인 것으로 사료된다.