• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.68 no.1
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 1985

This study was carried out to compare the diameter increment of Pinus densiflora for.erecta, Pinus koraiensis, Larix leptolepis, Abies holophylla and Abies koreana growing in middle area of Korea. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1) The difference in annual diameter increment among five species according to D.B.H classes showed to be the strongest in Pinus koraiensis the second rank Larix leptolepis, the third rank Pinus densiflora erecta, the fourth rank Abies holophylla and the weakest in Abies koreana. 2) It was inferred that when the D.B.H of Pinus densiflora for.erecta comes to 95cm, Pinus koraiensis 80cm, Larix leptolepis 80cm, Abies holophylla 140cm and Abies koreana 85cm respectively, their diameter do not increase. 3) Total D.B.H increment among five species according to tree age classes were ranked as follows; Larix leptolepis, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus derasiflora for.erecta, Abies holophylla and Abies koreana. 4) It was inferred that when the age of Pinus densiflora for.erecta comes to 200yrs, Pinus koraiensis 120yrs, Larix leptolepis 120yrs, Abies holophylla 260yrs and Abies koreana 300yrs respectively, their diameter do not increase. 5) Abies koreana showed the lowest diameter increment in comparison with other four species, while diameter increment in Abies holophylla and Abies koreana decreased in later age than other species.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.20 no.4 s.94
• /
• pp.120-128
• /
• 2005

인터넷 환경이 급속도로 발전함에 따라 멀티미디어의 범람과 사용자들의 유료 콘텐츠사용에 대한 인식 부족으로 디지털 콘텐츠의 지적재산권 침해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 이러한 불법콘텐츠들의 무분별한 공유는 디지털콘텐츠 산업 발전을 저해하는 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이에 따라 최근 디지털 콘텐츠의 저작권 보호를 위해서 저작권 단속활동을 강화하고 있으며 다양한 P2P/웹하드 환경에서도 불법콘텐츠를 검색및 다운로드하고 콘텐츠를 식별하고 불법배포자를 추적할 수 있는 기술을 필요로 하게되었다. 그러나 대부분의 불법콘텐츠들은 약 80%가 P2P, 웹하드, 동호회/카페를 통해서 전파되고 있으며 각 업체별 클라이언트 프로그램의 다양성 때문에 불법콘텐츠의 검색 및 불법복제자 추적이 매우 어려운 실정이다. 불법콘텐츠의 추적 및 차단을 위해 워터마킹/핑거프린팅, 네트워크 모니터링, 매크로 프로그램, 공개 P2P 프로토콜 조작, 페이크 파일 유포 등의 기술들이 사용되고 있다. 본 고에서는 불법콘텐츠 국내외 시장현황과 업체의 기술동향을 살펴보고 불법배포자 추적을 위해 필요한 핑거프린팅과 특징점 기반 콘텐츠 식별 기술에 대해 설명한다. 그리고 P2P와 웹하드에서 불법콘텐츠들을 자동으로 다운로드하고 불법배포자들을 추적할 수 있는 시스템 아키텍처에 대하여 설명한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.120-120
• /
• 2006

탄소나노튜브는 nm급의 크기에 높은 전기전도도, 열전도 효율, 감한 기계적 강도 등의 장점을 가지며, FED(Field Emission Display), 극미세 전자 스위칭 소자, SET(Single Electron Transistor), AFM(Atomic Force Microscope) tip등 여러 분야로의 응용을 연구하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 탄소나노튜브를 Si 웨이퍼 위에 Ni/Ti 금속층을 촉매층으로 사용하고, 암모니아($NH_3$)가스와 아세틸렌 ($C_2H_2$)가스를 각각 희석가스와 성장원으로 사용하여 합성하였다. 탄소나노튜브의 성장은 Hot filament 화학기상증측(HFPECVD) 방식을 사용하였으며, 이 방법은 다량의 합성, 높은 균일성, 좋은 정렬 특성등의 장점을 가진다. 성장 온도는 탄소나노튜브의 성장 특성을 변화시키는 중요한 요소이다. 성장 온도에 따라 수직적 성장, 성장 밀도등의 특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 성장된 탄소나노튜브층 성분 분석은 에너지 분산형 X-선 측정기(EDS)를 통해 관찰하였고, 끝단에 촉매층이 존재하는 30~50 nm 폭을 가진 다중벽 탄소나노튜브를 고배율 투과전자현미경(HRTEM) 분석을 통해 관찰하였다. 전계방사 주사전자현미경(FESEM) 분석을 동해 1~3${\mu}m$의 길이를 가진 탄소나노튜브가 높은 밀도로 성장된 것을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2004.07c
• /
• pp.1576-1578
• /
• 2004

The alumina membrane with nano sized pore was prepared from aluminum by anodic oxidation to apply for storage equipment, gas sensor and stamper. The pore size and cell size of the pores are controlled by anodic oxidation voltage. The alumina thickness was controlled by etching process using 0.2M $H_3PO_4$. The thickness of alumina on Si wafer was very accurately controlled by anodic oxidation time. Nickel with nano-sized grain was electroplated on the Au layer on silicon wafer. The fabricated pores on alumina membrane was the thickness of $7{\sim}10{\mu}m$ with straight nano-sized pore of 307${\sim}$120nm. The alumina by the etching process shows smooth surface. The size of Ni grain was 130nm and 250nm for 10mA/$cm^2$and 20mA/$cm^2$of electroplating currents, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2011.07a
• /
• pp.320-321
• /
• 2011

본 논문은 디지털 케이블전송망인 HFC(Hybrid Fiber and Coaxial)망 기반하에서 6MHz 다수의 방송채널결합 기술을 이용하여, 대용량 3D 및 8K-UHD 콘텐츠 전송을 위한 방송망 채널결합형 200Mbps 급 1024-QAM 송수신시스템 개발에 대하여 기술한다. H.264 비디오 부호화기를 사용하여 8K-UHDTV 및 3D/UHD 융합형 서비스를 시청자에게 제공하기 위해서는 약 120~160Mbps 의 대용량 데이터 전송률이 확보되어야 한다. 이와같이 대용량 3D/8K-UHDTV 콘텐츠를 전송하기 위해서는 상대적으로 채널환경이 우수한 HFC 디지털 케이블망을 이용한 대용량 실감미디어 콘텐츠 전송기법에 대한 연구가 주목 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 FPGA 를 이용하여 HFC 망 기반에서 기존 OpenCalbe/DOCSIS 3.0 256-QAM 대비 약 30% 전송효율이 개선된 3D/8K-UHDTV 대용량 실감미디어 콘텐츠 전송을 위한 방송망 채널결합형 1024-QAM 송수신기 구현 및 개발에 관한 내용을 기술한다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of the Flammulina veluipes media by-product(FMB) in laying hens(Hy-Line Brown). A total of three hundreds sixty were fed corn-soy based experimental diets containing 0(control), 5.0(T1), and $10\%(T2)$ FMB for 12 weeks. There were no significant differences among the treatments in egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion and viability during the experimental period. Feed intake was significantly(P<0.05) lowered in control(120.5g) than 72(123.9g). There were no significant differences among the treatments eggshell breaking strength, thickness and haugh unit, whereas the yolk color of T1 and T2 were significantly love. than control(p<0.05). In conclusion, the FMB can be used as resource of feed in laying hen feed at $5.0\%$ level without effect on performance and egg qualify. However, dietary pigments must be added when the FMB was used as a feed ingredients more than $10\%$ in diets.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.101-120
• /
• 2012

We investigated the ecological characteristics of Jilmoe-neup conservation area which is one of wetlands designated as a Ramsar convention site in Mt. Odae from 2007 to 2011. Average out-flow of water was 0.80 $m^3/min$ during observation period. Average pH of water was 6.1, electric conductivity was 19 ${\mu}S/cm$ and contents of potassium, calcium and ammonium, nitrate and available phosphorus in water were recorded below average 2.0 mg/L. Peat layer was less developed than in other montane wetlands such as Yong-neup and Wangdeungjae-neup. Plants were recorded as 49 family, 118 genus, 163 species, 3 subspecies, 29 variety and 6 forma, total 163 taxa. Trientalis europaea L., which was designated in endangered level 2 by Ministry of Environment, inhabited at Sphagnum dominated area and Carex tussocks. Vegetation analysis showed that dominance value was changed as species distribution area were increased or decreased periodically. Although Jilmoe-neup deserved conservation value for Sphagnum fen which has diverse flora, it was affected from various factors such as ranch in the vicinity. Therefore, it must be monitored and managed continuously.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.5
• /
• pp.531-540
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to examine the effect of Hwangto, Illite, and any other disease resistant materials as dietary supplements on the growth performance and immunity for growing period with 30 Hanwoo male calves weaned 75days in age. Feeding trial was conducted with 6 treatments(five heads/treatment), which were T1(Control), T2(Control + 2% Hwangto), T3(Control + 2% Illite), T4(Control + 0.04% Oligosacharides), T5(Control + 2% Charcoal powder) and T6(Control + 0.1% Chromium picolinate) for 120 days from three to seven months in age. The results obtained are summarized as follows; During the experimental period, average daily gains were 0.82 to 0.92kg, and were high in the order of T3, T6, T4, T5, T2 and T1. Especially the growth rate of calves for growing period was higher in Illite, chromium-picolinate and oligo- sacharides feeding groups than in any other groups. Average daily intakes and intake ratio to body weight of concentrates for 120days were 3.91 to 4.15kg(average 4.03kg) and 3.10 to 3.31% (average 3.21%), respectively. TDN intakes per kilogram gains were 3.20 to 3.57kg(average 3.35kg) and were smaller in the order of T5, T3, T6, T4, T2 and T1, respectively. Density of IgG in serum of calves measured by the IgG SDID Kit was 10.2 to 11.6mg/$m\ell$, and especially increase rate of IgG for experimental period was high in T3 and T5 by 6.9 and 2.8%, respectively. But incidence of disease was not found to be different by treatments. According to the above results it may be concluded that Illite is a sort of clay minerals increased the growth rate, feed efficiency and immunity of early weaned calves for growing period, but was not in unprocessed Hwangto.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2006

A total of 120 pigs were used to investigate the effect of feeding probiotics on quality properties of pork. About 6 kg pigs were randomly alloted into one or three experimental diet groups (C: commercial diet feed; T1: 0.1% KBC1121 feed; T2: 0.1% YC2000+0.1% KBC1121 feed). Pigs were slaughtered at approximately 110 kg live weight and chemical composition and physico-chemical characteristics were measured in pork loin. Moisture, crude protein and crude ash were not differences among the treatments. However, crude fat content of T2 was significantly higher than that of other treatments. All of dietary probiotic groups showed significantly higher pH than control. WHC was significantly higher in T1 than other treatments. Cooking loss, shear force value and cholesterol content were not differences among the treatments. In meat color, $L^*$ value was not difference among the treatments, but $a^*\;and\;b^*$ value were lower in T1 than other treatments. In textrure properties of cooked meat, brittleness, hardness, gumminess and chewiness value were significantly higher in T1 than other treatments. Sensory evaluation was not difference among the treatments. The myristic, stearic and oleic acid content of T2 were significantly higher than those of other treatments. Whereas linoleic acid was significantly lower than other treatments. Unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) was significantly higher in T1 than T2. Essential fatty acid (EFA) and EFA/UFA were higher in the order of T1 > C > T2. In amino acid composition, total and essential amino acid, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, valine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine level were lower in T2 than other treatments.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2010

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of phase feeding methods on growth performance, carcass characteristics, pork quality, and economical efficiency in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 120 crossbred pigs ([Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace] ${\times}$ Duroc), average initial body weight 25.23 ${\pm}$ 2.66 kg, were allotted to 5 treatments by body weight and sex in a randomized complete block (RCB) design. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 4 pigs per pen. The treatments were 1) A (fed late weaner feed during whole phase), 2) B (fed late weaner feed in growing phase and grower feed in finishing phase), 3) C (fed grower feed during whole phase), 4) D (fed grower feed in growing phase and early finisher feed in early and late finishing phase), 5) E (fed grower feed in growing phase, early finisher feed in early finishing phase and late finisher feed in late finishing phase). Commercial diets bought from private feed company were used for this experiment. During the early growing phase (6 wks), treatments A and B showed higher growth performance than that of other treatments (P<0.05). However, growth performance tended to be similar among treatments at 10 wks after feeding and there was no difference in time of market weight (13 wks). Moreover, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was lowered in treatment E than other treatments during whole experimental period (P<0.01). Carcass characteristics and pork quality were measured when body weight of pigs reached at 110.33 ${\pm}$ 2.1 kg. Days to market weight (110 kg), quality grade, pork color, and pork pH did not show any significant difference among treatments. These results suggested that phase feeding based upon growth stages of pigs showed no detrimental effects on growth performance and the pork quality. Moreover, feed cost was saved approximately 37% by phase feeding method without delaying of days to market weight compared to general conventional feeding method (B) of swine farm in Korea.