• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2020

A small survey was performed to investigate the recent infection status of Clonorchis sinensis and other zoonotic trematode metacercariae in freshwater fish from a local market of Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. A total of 118 fish in 7 species were examined by the artificial digestion method on March 2016. The metacercariae of 4 species of zoonotic trematodes, i.e., C. sinensis, Haplorchis pumilio, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus, were detected. The metacercariae of C. sinensis were found in 62 (69.7%) out of 89 fish (5 species), and their intensity of infection was very high, 81.2 per fish infected. Prevalences of 3 intestinal flukes, H. pumilio, H. taichui and C. formosanus, were 75.0%, 47.6%, and 31.7% in positive fish species, respectively, with the metacercarial intensities of 15.5, 10.3, and 2.2 per fish infected. From the above results, it has been confirmed that various species of freshwater fish continue to play the role of the infection source of C. sinensis and other zoonotic trematodes in Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. It is of particular note that the prevalence and intensity of C. sinensis metacercariae are much higher than those reported in previous studies in fish in northern Vietnam.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.695-699
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• 2020

Present study was performed to know the infection status of Gnathostoma sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL3) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL3 of Gnathostoma spinigerum based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that G. spinigerum larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, M. albus, in Pursat Province, Cambodia.

• Mycobiology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.79-81
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• 2012

Cankers are localized dead areas in the bark of stems, branches or twigs of many types of trees and shrubs, and are usually caused by fungi. We observed severe canker symptoms in oak trees located in Gyeongnam province in 2011. A total 31 trees were discovered with cankers of varied size, with an average of $48.5{\times}15.2cm$. Black, half-rounded globular mound shaped stromata were associated with the cankers, and the asci of the fungi associated with the cankers were cylindrical shaped with their spore-bearing parts being up to 84 ${\mu}m$ in length. The average fungal ascospores size was $7.59{\times}4.23{\mu}m$. The internal transcribed spacer sequence for the canker causing fungus showed 99% similarity to the sequence of $Annulohypoxylon$ $truncatum$. In this study, the isolated fungus was precisely described and then compared with fungi of similar taxa.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2017

This study was investigated the synergistic effects from the combination of cefalexin and gentamicin (CCG) against Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine milk. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index were determined for 16 bacteria from 13 bovine farms in Gyeongsangnam province by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth microdilution procedure. Antimicrobial agents tested included cefalexin, gentamicin and CCG. Against Staphylococcus spp. tested, the MIC ranges of cefalexin, gentamicin and CCG were 0.25~1.0, 0.5~0.125 and $0.06{\sim}0.125{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In addition, the FIC index ranges of CCG against most of the isolates was 0.28~0.43 and the FIC index of CCG against 2 strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) was 0.59. In conclusion, CCG has a high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus isolates, then the combination may be applied for the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.162-171
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• 2019

This study is aimed to develop an improved shellfish dredge vessel considering the increase of the fishing safety and welfare of fishermen in Jeonnam province. We visited five fishing village societies in Korea, and conducted field surveys and survey questions to investigate the current status. In order to solve the problems presented by the investigation, a general arrangement of the improvement vessel was written and adopted after meeting between the fishermen and research team, and calculated the initial stability in five loading conditions by using the Napa program. As a result of field surveys and survey questions, the existing vessel have buoyant materials under the bow and the warp pass through the wheel-house. In addition, most fishing equipment and nets are concentrated on a narrow stern, making it difficult to work efficiently. According to the survey, fishermen also responded that operation of casting and hauling is very inconvenient. The fishing equipment of the improvement vessel was rearranged, the size of the wheel-house and the crew room was increased, and we secured a basic welfare space. As a result of the initial stability test, the stability criteria of the fishing vessel were satisfied in all loading condition.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.120-140
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• 2013

조선왕조실록을 통해 14세기 말부터 19세기 초까지 적조(HABs) 발생상을 분석하였다. 적조기사는 모두 81건으로 표로 정리하고, 적조지도를 구축하였다. 해역별 발생횟수는 남해 62건, 동해 50건 그리고 황해 22건으로 나타났다. 남해와 동해에 접한 경상도에서는 82건으로 가장 많았다. 경상남도에서 함경북도까지의 적조발생은 두 가지 형태로 나타났는데 첫 번째는 3월 강원도에서 시작되어 4월 함경남도에서 발생이 증가하고 5, 6월에는 중심이 함경북도로 북상하는 형태이다. 두 번째는 8월 경상남도를 중심으로 발생하다 9월에는 경상북도에서 발생이 증가하는 형태이다. 월별 발생 수는 8월이 가장 높았다. 그 외는 대부분 4~9월에 나타났다. 그 중 조개류를 먹고 인명 피해가 발생한 사례는 2~6월 진해, 거제, 통영에서 나타났다. 수산물 피해는 7~9월 경상도연안 전반에서 나타났다. 적조가 대규모로 발생한 시기는 1394~1451년, 1654~1706년으로 나타났고, 적조의 소규모 발생은 1493~1534년, 1588~1609년 이었으며, 공통적으로 홀수 해(1399, 1403, 1413, 1681년)에 대발생을 보였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.848-855
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• 2008

목 적 : 서부 경남 지역에서 선천성 심장병 환자의 발생 빈도와 연도별 변화 양상을 조사하고자 한다. 방 법 : 1997년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 경상대학교 병원에서 심장초음파를 시행하여 선천성 심장병으로 진단 받았던 총 1,185명 중 1997년부터 2004년 사이 출생한 849명(남:여=390:459)을 대상으로 출생 연도별로 발생 빈도를 조사하고, 각 아형으로 분류하여 진단 연령, 연도별 변화 양상을 조사하였다. 또한 2000년부터 2004년까지 서부 경남 지역의 출생자수를 기준으로 조사된 이 지역의 선천성 심장병의 발생 빈도에서 연도별 변화 양상이 있는지 조사하였다. 선천성 심장병의 병형은 비청색증형과 청색증으로 먼저 분류하고, 비청색증형은 다시 단락형과 판막 및 혈관 이상으로 재분류하였다. 결 과 : 1997년부터 2004년까지 8년간 출생한 해를 기준으로 선천성 심장병 환자수는 113명, 128명, 116명, 104명, 129명, 97명, 84명, 78명 이었다. 연도별로 성별과 병형별 발생 빈도의 차이는 없었다. 출생 연도를 기준으로 최초 심장병으로 진단 내려지는 환아들의 평균 연령은 1개월로 동일하게 차이가 없었으나, 청색증형 심장병 환아의 진단받는 연령은 최근 더욱 어려지는 경향을 보였다. 서부 경남 지역의 출생자 수를 알 수 있었던 2000년부터 2004년까지 출생한 대상자수는 총 492명이었다. 이들을 서부 경남 지역의 출생자수를 기준으로 조사된 선천성 심장병의 발생 빈도는 1,000명당 2000년 8.9명, 2001년 12.7명, 2002년 10.9명, 2003년 10.0명, 2004년 9.7명이었다. 결 론 : 1997년부터 2004년까지 8년간 서부 경남지역에서 출생하고 진단받은 선천성 심장병 환자의 발생자 수는 연간 평균 106명이었고, 2002년부터 100명 미만으로 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 2000년부터 2004년까지 5년간 서부 경남 지역의 출생자수를 기준으로 조사된 선천성 심장병의 선천성 심장병 발생 빈도는 매년 0.89-1.27%로 유사하게 나타나 2002년부터 발생 빈도가 감소한 것은 아님을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 경향은 실제 선천성 심장병 발생 빈도의 변화는 없으나 최근에 뚜렷한 출산율 감소가 새롭게 진단받는 환자 수의 감소에 영향을 미쳤으리라 본다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.376-380
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• 2014

경상북도 영덕군과 포항시에 위치한 해수욕장 주변에서 생활하수나 생활쓰레기 등의 환경조건이 해변모래에 서식하는 미생물 분포에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 조사하기 위하여, 10월 중순에 12곳의 해변모래를 채취하여 16S rRNA 유전자를 pyrosequencing 방법으로 분석하였다. 해수 부근의 청결한 모래에는 Acidobacteria, 담수 부근의 모래에는 Proteobacteria, 생활하수 부근의 모래에는 Cyanobacteria, 해변공원 부근의 모래에는 Bacteroidetes 그룹이 20-90% 정도로 높게 분포하였고, 생활하수가 해수와 합해지는 해변모래에서는 Actinobacteria, Chlorobi, Deferribacteres, Deinococcus-thermus, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Verrucomicrobia 그룹이 1-5% 정도로 낮게 분포하였다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2018

This study examined the construction method shown in literatures and materials discovered in rampart, barbican and guard platform for Cheongdo-Eupseong castle which was constructed immediately before Japanese Invasions of Korea (1592-98). According to the result of the examination, the construction method used in the coastal areas and inland areas of Gyeongsang province in the early Joseon period was applied to the rampart, barbican and guard platform in the east and north castle walls, which was constructed earlier than other parts of Cheongdo-Eupseong castle. However, from the western end of the northern castle wall, which was later constructed, to the western castle wall was rebuilt using a construction method different from the method applied to the parts that were constructed earlier after Japanese Invasions of Korea. Cheongdo-Eupseong castle was constructed on a flatland on a large scale and at a low height under unreasonable pressures to construct the castle in a short period of time for military defense as well as civil agitation in the imminent situation just before the outbreak of Japanese Invasions of Korea. In addition, various methods of constructing Eupseong castle utilized at that time were used together, and barbican and guard platform were built generally focusing on rapid completion and convenience, using other methods than the one mainly used at that time. This is the reason why there was a difference in the characteristics of the method and period of castle construction between Cheongdo-Eupseong castle and other Eupseong castles in the coastal areas and inland areas of Gyeongsang province.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2011

In this study, we isolated 12 of Brucella (B.) spp. from cattle, which have been positive in Rose Bangal test and tube agglutination test in Gyeongbuk province in 2009. According to AMOS PCR analysis, isolated 12 strains were identified as B. abortus. Murine derived macrophage, RAW 264.7 cells, were infected with isolated 12 strains or reference strain (B. abortus 544), and bacterial internalization were characterized. According to these results, we divided the isolated strains into the following three groups: class I, lower internalization than that of B. abortus 544; class II, similar internalization to that of that of B. abortus 544; class III, higher internalization than that of B. abortus 544 within RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, intracellular growth, bacterial adherent assay, LAMP-1 colocalization, virulence in mice and surface protein pattern were characterized. From these results, representative strains of class III showed lower LAMP-1 colocalization, higher adherent efficiency, higher virulence in mice than those of B. abortus 544, and showed different pattern of surface proteins. These results suggest that B. abortus field strains, isolated from cattle in Korea, possess various virulence properties and higher internalization ability of field strain may have an important role for its virulence expression.