• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2012

Rainfall is widely recognized as a major landslide-triggering factor. Most of the latest landslides that occurred in South Korea were caused by short-duration heavy rainfall. However, the relationship between rainfall characteristics and landslide occurrence is poorly understood. To examine the effect of rainfall on landslide occurrence, cumulative rainfall(mm) and rainfall intensity(mm/hr) of serial rain and antecedent rainfall(mm) were analyzed for 18 landslide events that occurred in the southern and central regions of South Korea in June and July 2011. It was found that all of these landslides occurred by heavy rainfall for one or three days, with the rainfall intensity exceeding 30 mm/hr or with a cumulative rainfall of 200 mm. These plotted data are beyond the landslide warning criteria of Korea Forest Service and the critical line of landslide occurrence for Gyeongnam Province. It was also found that the time to landslide occurrence after rainfall start(T) was shortened with the increasing average rainfall intensity(ARI), showing an exponential-decay curve, and this relation can be expressed as "T = $94.569{\cdot}exp$($-0.068{\cdot}ARI$)($R^2$=0.64, p<0.001)". The findings in this study may provide important evidences for the landslide forecasting guidance service of Korea Forest Service as well as essential data for the establishment of non-structural measures such as a warning and evacuation system in the face of sediment disasters.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.105-119
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• 2014

Objectives: This study investigates the factors influencing values on life-respect among middle school students. Methods: The participants in this study were 126 students from S middle school and Y middle school, both located in Gyeongnam province. The experimental group consisted of 40 students from S middle school, Control group-Iconsisted of 39 students from S middle school, and Control group-II consisted of 47 students from Y middle school. The experimental group was provided with 12 incidences of the life-respect education program from April 1st to June 29th. One period took 45 minutes and proceeded according to a structure of introduction, development, and consolidation. The experimental group received a life-respect education program, Control group-I received health teaching, but Control group-II didn't receive any special education except what was regularly part of their curriculum. The content of the life-respect education program included the following topics: value of life-respect, respect for human life and ethics, life-respect campaign, having a healthy mind, suicide prevention, dealing with crisis, prevention of school violence, abortion and life-respect, social weak minority consideration, death, brain death, euthanasia, life cycle and task, and forest activities. Questionnaires were administered as pre and post-tests which consisted of questions regarding death anxiety, suicide risk, and values on life-respect. The pre and post-tests were analyzed with t-tests, paired t-tests, ANOVAs, and factor analyses using SPSS 18.0. Results: 1. There was a statistically significant increase in the experimental group(p<.0001) and control group-I(p<0.05) in value and attitude about life-respect. On the other hand, it was shown that there was no difference between pre and post-test in control group-II. 2. The result of examining the differences between pre and post-tests after education on values and attitudes toward life-respect using ANCOVA showed, there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) among the three groups. Conclusion: the life-respect education program which was conducted over 12 meeting with middle school students had an positive effect, which can be used as basic data for fostering values on life-respect. These findings indicate that the life-respect education program this study used is effective for fostering value of life-respect and decreasing suicide risk.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1983

This study was carried out to investigate the variabilities of the thickness of egg shell and shell membrane of silky fowl egg from April 11, 1983 to May 14, 1983. One hundred and twenty eggs used in this experiment were obtained from a Synanmyun silky fowl farm, Sanchungkun, Gyeongnam province. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Total items investigated for the silky fowl egg; egg weight, egg shell weight, egg shell thickness of sharp end, middle part, and blunt end, egg shell membrane thickness of snarp end, middle part, and blunt end, breaking strength, length of egg(L), width of egg(W), and L/W, were measured as 36.58${\pm}$0.446g, 4.53${\pm}$0.079g, 0.32${\pm}$0.006mm 0.32${\pm}$0.047mm, 0.30${\pm}$0.056mm, 0.050${\pm}$0.001mm, 0.050${\pm}$0.001mm, 0.053${\pm}$0.001mm, 3.06${\pm}$0.101kg, 4.80${\pm}$0.024mm, 3.82${\pm}$0.010cm, and 1.26${\pm}$0.005, respectively. 2. Correlation coefficients among 66 combinations of 12 items were estimated. The correlation coefficients relating to egg weight, egg shell weight, egg shell thickness of sharp end, middle part, and blunt end breaking strength, length of egg (L), width of egg (W), and L/W were largely to be highly significant but those related egg shell membrane thickness of sharp end middle part, and blunt end were not significant, sometimes showing inverse correlation

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.198-203
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• 2016

This study aimed to isolate a novel agarase-producing marine bacterium and characterize its agarase, as agarases are known to produce biofunctional agarooligosaccharides or neo-agarooligosaccharides. A novel agar-degrading bacterium, SH-2, was isolated from the seawater of Namhae in Gyeongnam Province, Korea, and cultured in Marine agar 2216 medium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence represented 99% identity with that of the members of the Marinomonas genus; hence, the isolated bacterium was named Marinomonas sp. SH-2. The crude agarase was prepared from a culture medium of Marinomonas. sp SH-2, and exhibited maximum agarase activity at 170.2 units/l. The optimum conditions were pH 6.0 and 30℃ in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer. The agarase activity of the bacterium was highly elevated from 20℃(42% relative activity) to 30℃(100%), and 82% activity was shown at 40℃. Its relative activities were less than 40% at over 40℃ after a 0.5 hr exposure. Relative activity was 100% at pH 6.0, while it was 72% and 48% at pH 5.0 and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme from Marinomonas sp. SH-2 degraded agarose to neoagarohexaose and neoagarotetraose, indicating that the enzyme is β-agarase. Thus, Marinomonas sp. SH-2 and its enzyme could be practical for applications in food, cosmetic, and medical research.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the odor reduction efficiency of a biofilter desist using different filter materials. The summary of results are as follows; 1. The airflow penetration rate of the different filter materials namely; rice straw, woodchips, rice hulls and sawdust were 0.72 m/s, 0.64 m/s, 0.48 m/s and 0.17 m/s, respectively. 2. The elimination of $NH_3$ gas was fastest in the rice hull at a rate of 4 mg/${\iota}$ followed by sawdust, woodchips and rice straw at 3 mg/${\iota}$, 3 mg/${\iota}$ and 7 mg/${\iota}$, respectively. 3. The filter material made of wood chips was able to eliminate the offensive gas known as $H_2S$ at a rate of 2.2 mg/${\iota}$ on the 7th day, 17.6 mg/${\iota}$ on the 21st day but decreased to 10.7 mg/${\iota}$ on the 36th day. In contrast, the filter material composed of sawdust had a continuous increase in the reduction of $H_2S$ at a rate of 12.3 mg/${\iota}$ on the 7th day, 18.3 mg/${\iota}$ on the 21st day and 20.1 mg/${\iota}$ on the 36th day. The above findings indicated that among the filter materials, sawdust was the most effective in absorbing $H_2S$. Airflow penetration rate can be related to $H_2S$ odor elimination efficiency as shown by the slowest airflow rate of sawdust which is only 0.17 m/s.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-64
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between the self-identity and career maturity of middle school students in Gyeongnam province. For this purpose following questions were formulated. First. Are there statistically significant differences in middle school students' self-identity by their background variables? Second, Are there statistically significant differences in middle school students' career maturity by their background variables? Third, How is the relationship between self-identity and career maturity? Fourth, How are the influences of background variables and self-identity on students' career maturity? Self-identity and career maturity were measured over 551 9th grade students(317 male and 234 female students) in Changwon, Jinju, Geoje, Hadong, Sancheong, and Tongreong areas. Frequency analysis, Cronbach'$\alpha$, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression were used for statistical analysis. The results indicated that: 1. There were statistically significant differences in self-identity by mother's educational level, student's GPA, and economical background; 2. There were statistically significant differences in career maturity by student's gender, mother's educational level, and student's GPA; 3. There was 3. There were high static correlation between self-identity and career maturity and its subordinate items; 4. Sex and self-identity and its sub-items of students' independence, self-receptiveness, firm future goals, goal-orientation, intimacy have relative influences on career maturity.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.13-21
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• 2011

"Manggaedduk" produced specially in Uiryeong province, Gyeongnam, Korea is manufactured by traditional method using rice powder, sweet azuki bean paste, and leaves of Smilax china (called as Manggae-leaf). Moisture content of leaves did not show significant differences bay salt and purified salt treatment. The content was lower as the salt concentration increased. Shear force was higher in leaf salted with purified salt at room temperature than that salted with bay salt. On the other hands, the force was more higher in the leaves salted with bay salt at low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$). The shear force was higher as the concentration of both salts used for salting solution increased. As storage period was extended, shear force of salted leaf was weakened. Whiteness (L) and yellowness (b) of leaves stored at room temperature were higher than those stored at $4^{\circ}C$, although the redness (a) of Hunter value was not significantly different between storage temperatures. Salt concentration influenced lightness and yellowness, color of salted leaves stored at $4^{\circ}C$ resulted in enhanced greenness as compared to the leaves stored at room temperature. Thus, this study investigated the optimal storage conditions, salting conditions and storage temperatures of Smilax china leaves.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to estimate domestic potential wood supply according to geographical and forest management conditions. In order to separate available wood supply area, analysis was conducted by separating natural, theoretical, geographical and technical supply area. Natural supply area was separated by extract stocked land from forest using digital stock map. Theoretical, geographical and technical supply area was separated by considering protection area, slope, streamside and road. Growing stock was calculated by using species and age-class of digital stock map. Potential wood supply was estimated by calculating growing stock of technical supply area. The results of growing stock of each supply area was shown that growing stock was from 244,150 to 596,248 thousand $m^3$. According to the results of this study, it was found that potential wood supply are likely to be over- or underestimated depending on the considered level of geographical and forest management conditions. Provincial potential wood supply was highly ranked in order of Gyeongbuk, jeonnam, Gyeongnam and Gangwon province.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.179-207
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the performance-oriented culture of a community welfare center on the job performance of its social workers. For that purpose, the study conducted a survey by mail with 1,162 social workers working for community welfare centers around Busan and Gyeongnam Province from January 4 to 31, 2013. Of the collected questionnaires, a total of 755 from 81 community welfare centers were used in the final analysis. This study used the SPSS 21.0, AMOS 21.0, and HLM 6.02 statistical software packages to perform data analysis for each hypothesis. The analysis results of the unconditional model of the hierarchical linear model, the unconditional random coefficient model, and the conditional model show that the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of social workers had positive (+) effects on their job performance. Secondly, customer orientation, one of the sub-elements of performance-oriented culture, had positive (+) effects on the job performance of social workers, whereas the result orientation had negative (-) effects on it. In addition, innovation orientation had no impacts on their job performance. Based on those findings, the study proposed management plans for organizational culture to enhance the job performance of social workers.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.113-141
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• 2017

Child welfare centers not only protect children at the first line of community, but also perform the tasks of systematic social service by linking the various resources of community and establishing a support system for children. Making quantitative growth, child welfare centers are faced with a request for operational systemicity and professionalism in terms of quality. This study set out to investigate the effects of professional capability, psychological capital, and career-related continuous learning on the job performance among practitioners of child welfare centers. For those purposes, the study conducted a survey by mail with those who were working for child welfare centers in Busan and Gyeongnam Province from March 2 to 25, 2016. Of the collected questionnaires, 550 whose responses were sincere were used in the final analysis. The analysis results show that psychological capital had the biggest influence on the job performance among practitioners of child welfare centers. Furthermore, in the chief of child welfare centers, the more having of professional capability, the more job performance they experienced. However, in the front-line social workers, professional capability did not affect the job performance. Those results indicate that the expansion of psychological capital should be a top priority to help the practitioners of child welfare centers improve their job performance. Based on those findings, the study offered some implications for the organizational management of child welfare centers.