• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.31-38
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• 2014

This study is an evaluation index development research based on the Gyeongju Historic Heritage Sites to identify the attractive properties of Gyeongju that have helped determine the competitiveness of this historical city. Through literature reviews on these attractive factors of historic urban landscape, the Vienna memos(UNESCO, 2005) and the International Cultural Tourism Charter(ICOMOS, 1999), two professional investigations were conducted following a backup group of attraction indexes that had been received prior. In the end, 22 attraction indexes were chosen in the Urban Historical and Cultural area, the Heritage Resources area, and the Urban Environment area with three aspects based on the analysis of Importance(M), Standard deviation(SD), Content Validity Ratio(CVR), Agreement, and convergence. These indicators will be useful basic information for improving the city's historic charms. In the future, these indicators can be used as a basis for evaluating the characteristic charms of Gyeongju, through which the charm of Gyeongju can be re-recognized.

• Journal of the Korean Burn Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.14-17
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• 2021

The nose is a complex three-dimensional structure and represents a major aesthetic focus of the face. As a gold standard for nasal soft tissue reconstruction, the 'forehead flap' provides reconstructive surgeons a robust pedicle and large amount of tissue to reconstruct almost any defect. However, during this process, some hair can be unintentionally introduced to the nose. Accordingly, laser hair removal is sometimes needed, but blood circulation and flap survival should be carefully monitored. Despite careful evaluation, a third-degree burn occurred in our patient that required eight weeks to heal. Here, we report on a burn resulting from epilation conducted 2 weeks after forehead flap for nasal reconstruction.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.577-590
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• 2024

With increasing demand for nuclear power generation, nuclear structures are being planned and constructed worldwide. A grave safety concern is that these structures are sensitive to large-magnitude shaking, e.g., during earthquakes. Seismic response analysis, which requires P- and S-wave velocities, is a key element in nuclear structure design. Accordingly, it is important to determine the P- and S-wave velocities in the Gyeongju and Pohang regions of South Korea, which are home to nuclear power plants and have a history of seismic activity. P- and S-wave velocities can be obtained indirectly through a correlation with physical properties (e.g., N values, Young's modulus, and uniaxial compressive strength), and researchers worldwide have proposed regression equations. However, the Gyeongju and Pohang regions of Korea have not been considered in previous studies. Therefore, a database was constructed for these regions. The database includes physical properties such as N values and P- and S-wave velocities of the soil layer, as well as the uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus, and P- and S-wave velocities of the bedrock layer. Using the constructed database, the geological characteristics and distribution of physical properties of the study region were analyzed. Furthermore, models for predicting P- and S-wave velocities were developed for soil and bedrock layers in the Gyeongju and Pohang regions. In particular, the model for predicting the S-wave velocity for the soil layers was compared with models from previous studies, and the results indicated its effectiveness in predicting the S-wave velocity for the soil layers in the Gyeongju and Pohang regions using the N values. The proposed models for predicting P- and S-wave velocities will contribute to predicting the damage caused by earthquakes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2016

Background: The decision to administer oral anticoagulation therapy depends on accurate assessment of stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Various stroke risk stratification schemes have been developed to help inform clinical decision making. The CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores have been used in estimating the risk of stroke in patients with AF. Recently R2CHA2DS2-VASc score was developed. The objective of the current study is to validate the usefulness of the R2CHA2DS2-VASc score and to compare the accuracy of the CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and R2CHA2DS2-VASc scores in predicting a patient's risk of stroke. Methods: Based on medical records, we conducted a retrospective study of patients hospitalized with AF from March 2011 to July 2013. A total of 448 AF patients were included in this study. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in MedCalc was used for comparison with respective diagnostic values. Results: The patient characteristics showed male predominance (60.9%). Among the 448 AF patients, 131 (29.2%) patients had strokes during the study. A R2CHA2DS2-VASc score of more than 5 is the optimal cut-off value for prediction of stroke. A risk score of three, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of R2CHA2DS2-VASc score (AUC 0.631; 95% confidence interval, 0.585-0.679) was the highest. A significant difference was observed between AUC for R2CHA2DS2-VASc, CHADS2, and CHA2DS2-VASc scores, but no meaningful difference between CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores. Conclusion: We determined the usefulness of the R2CHA2DS2-VASc score, which showed better association with stroke than the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2009

The deteriorations of stone monuments located in Gyeongju area are predicted in a modeling study. Artificial rain and accelerated weathering test are here applied to the Gyeongju Namsan granite and cement mortar. They are reacted with pH 4.0, pH 8.0 and pH 5.6 rain, respectively. The two former values are the limited acidity values in the Gyeongju (the acidity of rain of the Gyeongju were pH $4.93{\sim}6.39$ in 2005) and the latter is the limited acidity of acid rain. The rains of pH 5.6 and pH 8.0 reach close to a value of pH 7.0 after the reaction with the Gyeongju Namsan granite. After application of the artificial rain and weathering test, the weight of specimens were reduced and the contents of soluble ions in the specimens were increased. These results are attributable to solution of minerals in the specimens. At first, the microlithic have dissolved in ground from the reaction with acid rain. And then mainly quartz, plagioclase and orthoclase bound by the microlithic are disintegrated. The cement mortars are dissolved after the reaction with not only acid but alkali rain. The concentrations of ions in the dissolved cement mortar are higher than those in granite.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.100-113
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• 2012

In the midst of recent active excavation, lots of Silla(新羅) roof-end tiles are unearthed in Yeongnam area(嶺南地域). These are confirmed the same tile frame as the Silla tiles excavated in Gyeongju(慶州). It is represented by the Silla tiles excavated in Ingaksa Temple(麟角寺) excavation research. Roof-end tile with arabesque design(唐草文平瓦當) etc. including roof-end tile with lotus design(蓮花文圓瓦當) are judged to be the tile frame produced by the same frame of roof-end tile that was excavated in Gyeongju, Wolseong(月城) and Hwangyongsa Temple(皇龍寺址). There are three kinds of cases concerning the transportation of tile manufacture ; the roof-end tile manufactured in Gyeongju directly moved to each region, only tile frame moved to site to be manufactured there, and tile manufacturer moved to site to manufacture there. This article considers the case of the roof-end tile manufactured in Gyeongju that was directly moved to each region. In case of the Silla tiles excavated in region especially Ingaksa Temple, the aspects of tiles in accordance with different era show the repeated coexistence, expansion and maintenance. This situation is significant as a clue to understand the supply from Gyeongju not as temporary, but as continuous. On the other hand, if the Gyeongju tiles flowed directly into each region, and if the road was built of gravels and the means of transportation was cart, the damage from movement must never be prevented. On the contrary, transportation through waterway might be advantageous due to the reduction of labor and damage rate and the easiness of loading. Accordingly, it tells us why the ruins where roof-end tiles were excavated located near big and small rivers or streams. Of course there are some ruins located in a fixed distance, but the distance may be enough to endure the impact put on tiles from the overland movement. Therefore, in case of direct inflow form long distance, transportation must be finished by overland movement after waterway movement.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2022

Objective: This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an individually tailored program based on self-measurement of blood glucose on health behavior and HbA1c in diabetes and pre-diabetes patients. Methods: The program consisted of seven sessions for 12 weeks which were carried out every two weeks. Almost all sessions were progressed on untact method except for the first and last session. The 71 subjects were assessed for their knowledge of diabetes, health behavior, the experience of self-measurement of blood glucose, body mass Index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at before and after the program. They were also evaluated on their degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements after the program. Results: Each mean score on their knowledge of diabetes, health behavior and the experience of self-measurement of blood glucose was significantly increased from 14.77, 25.50, and 2.70 to 15.41, 28.40, and 4.81, respectively. Each mean score on both BMI and HbA1c (n=53) was significantly decreased from 24.47kg/m² and 7.27% to 24.01kg/m² and 6.67%, respectively. The post-HbA1c had a significant negative correlation(r=-0.415) with the degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements. The degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements had a significant positive correlation(r=0.581) with post-health behavior. Conclusions: The program shows effectiveness in improving HbA1c in Type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes patients. The post-HbA1c might be related to the degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements which might be related to the health behavior.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.272-276
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• 2005

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.29-34
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• 2006

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.115-116
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• 2006