• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 1995

These studies were carried out to investigate the effect of Mahwangchangchultang water extract on the inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine in guinea pig. The results of these studies were as follows; 1. Contractile force of acetylcholine from trachea smooth muscle in guinea pig was significantly inhibited by Mahwangchangchultang 2. Dose-response of acetylcholine pretreated Mahwangchangchultang in guinea pig was not significantly changed. 3. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated propranolol in guinea pig was decreased. 4. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated indomethacin was not significantly changed by Mahwangchangchultang. 5. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated methylene blue was not significantly changed by Mahwangchangchultang.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1994

Aqueous extreact of fresh ginseng (AFG) was examined for the antigenicity in Hartley guinea pigs in comparision with ovalbumin (OVA). When guinea pigs were sensitized with AFG emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), these animals showed negative reactions in active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests and passive hemagglutination (PHA) reaction. On the contrary, when guinea pigs were sensitized with OVA emulsified with CFA as positive controls, these animals disclosed positive reactions in ASA, ACA and PCA tests and PHA reaction. From these results, AFG was considered not to possess antigenic properties in guinea pigs. In addition, the dose levels of AFG empolyed in the present experiment were confirmed not to suppress immune reactions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1471-1478
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• 2015

The present study aimed to assess the effect of dietary substitution of soybean meal (SBM) with dehulled-micronized faba bean (Vicia faba var. minor) in guinea fowl broilers on their growth traits, carcass quality, and meat fatty acids composition. In this trial, 120 day-old guinea fowl keets were randomly assigned to two treatments which were fed from hatch to 12 weeks of age. Birds were fed two wheat middlings-based diets comprising of a control treatment which contained SBM (78.3 g/kg) and a test diet containing dehulled-micronized faba bean (130 g/kg) as the main protein source. Substituting SBM with faba bean had no adverse effect on growth traits, dressing percentage, or breast and thigh muscles relative weight of the guinea fowls. Conversely, a decrease (p<0.05) of abdominal fat was found in guinea fowls fed the faba bean-diet. Breast muscle of birds fed faba bean had higher $L^*$ score (p<0.05) and water-holding capacity (p<0.05) than the SBM control diet. Meat from guinea fowls fed faba bean had less total lipids (p<0.05) and cholesterol (p<0.01), and higher concentrations of phospholipids (p<0.01). Feeding faba bean increased polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in breast meat and decreased the saturated fatty acid levels. Moreover, dietary faba bean improved the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes in guinea fowl breast meat. Results indicated that substitution of SBM with faba bean meal in guinea fowl diet can improve carcass qualitative traits, enhancing also meat lipid profile without negatively affecting growth performance.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate antigenic potential of DA-3030, a recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, in guinea pigs and mice. In the active systemic anaphylaxis test, the guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone did not show any anaphylactic reaction. In the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction, anti-DA-3030 antibody was not detected in guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone. On the other hand, the guinea pigs sensitized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/heed of DA-3030 incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) or 1 mg/head of ovalbumin incorporated in FCA showed anaphylactic reaction. Anti-DA-3030 antibody was also detected in those guinea pigs. In immunodiffusion test using the sera sensitized with DA-3030 incorporated in FCA, precipitating antibodies were detected only in the sera sensitized with DA-3030 or DA-3030 incorporated in FCA showed. In 24-hour heterologous PCA reaction with sera of C57BL/6 mice immunized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone, none of the sera showed positive reaction. But sera of the animals immunized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 incorporated in aluminum hydroxide gel(Alum) or 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of ovalbumin incorporated in alum showed positive PCA reaction. DA-3030 did not cause anaphylactic shock or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs and mice when given alone although DA-3030 incorporated in FCA or Alum induced anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. From these results, it may be concluded the DA-3030 does not induce systemic allergic reaction when administered alone in its clinical use.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.30-43
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• 1991

Mahwangsan is used in the treatment of asthma due to wind and cold(風寒喘). This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Mahwangsan extract and each drug composing it on the contractile force of the isolated guinea pig trachea muscle and elucidate its mechanism. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig was signifi-cantly relaxed by the administration of Mahwangsan extract. 2. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to histamine was significantly inhibited by the administration of Mahwangsan extract. 3. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to histamine was significantly inhibited by the administraction of Herba Ephedrae, Cortex Cinnamoni, Flos Farfarae, Fructus Chebulae and Semen Armeniacae extract. 4. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to acetylcholine was significantly inhibited by the administration of Mahwangsan extract. 5. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to acetylcholine was significantly inhibited by the administration of Herba Ephedrae, Flos Farfarae, Fructus Chebulae and Semen Armeniacae extract. 6. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to 5-hydroxytryptamine was significantly inhibited by the administration of Mahwangsan extract. 7. The contractile response of the isolated trachea smooth muscle of guinea pig to 5-hydroxytryptamine was significantly inhibited by the administration of Herba Ephedrae, Flos Farfarae, Fructus Chebulae and Semen Armeniacae extract.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Oyootang and Shinchulsan extract on the contractile force of the isolated guinea pig trachea smooth muscle and elucidate its mechanism The result were obtained as follow: 1. The isolated trachea smooth muscle was suspended in the organ bath with oxygenated kerb's Henseleit bicarbonate buffer solution at $37^{\circ}C$, and the developed tension by the drug was recorded with isometric tranducer(Nacro F-60). The resting tension was approximately 0.5g 2. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig by histamine $10^{-4}M$ was significantly inhibited by Oyootang and Shinchulsan extract. 3. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig by acetylcholine $10^{-4}M$ was considerably inhibited by Oyootang and Shinchulsan extract. 4. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig by histamine $10^{-4}M$ was significantly inhibited by Oyootanghabshinchulsan extract. 5. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pig by acetylcholine $10^{-4}M$ was significantly inhibited by Oyootanghabshinchulsan extract. 6. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the iso-lated guinea pig by histamine $10^{-4}M$ was significantly inhibited by Oyootang, Shinchulsan and its constituent herbs extract. 7. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of the iso-lated guinea pig by acetylcholine $10^{-4}M$ was significantly inhibited by Oyootang, Shinchulsan and its constituent herbs extract.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.986-990
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• 2000

The quality characteristics and proximate composition of the eggs of pheasant, chukar, quail, and guinea fowl were compared. Eggs of the 4 species had a similar ovalish conical shape with blunt and pointed ends, showing the shape indices of 77.30-79.63 with no statistical difference. Egg weight was heaviest in guinea fowl (46.65 g), followed by pheasant (25.79 g), chukar (19.16 g) and quail (10.34 g). Proportion of yolk to the total egg weight was highest in pheasant (35.7%), followed by chukar (33.9%), quail (31.4%) and guinea fowl (30.6%). Albumen content was highest in quail showing 61.2%, while pheasant, chukar and guinea fowl were in the range of 55.6~57.4%. The ratio of yolk to albumen (Y/A) was highest in pheasant (0.65), followed by chukar (0.60), guinea fowl (0.55) and quail (0.52). The portion of shell to the total egg weight was highest in guinea fowl (13.5%) and lowest in quail (7.3%). The shell thickness of the eggs was thickest in guinea fowl ($462.8{{\mu}m}$), followed by pheasant ($241.5{{\mu}m}$), chukar ($231.8{{\mu}m}$) and quail ($174.8{{\mu}m}$). The contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash of whole egg were in the ranges of 74.26-74.50%, 11.98-12.77%, 10.83-11.91% and 1.02-1.10%, respectively, with no statistical difference (p>0.05) among the species. Albumen was high in moisture (87.46-87.99%) and very low in crude fat (0.09-0.13%), which was quite different from yolk. Yolk showed relatively low level of moisture (49.71-50.42%) and high levels of fat (31.48-32.32%), crude protein (15.12-15.99%) and crude ash (1.53-1.86%). No species difference in the proximate compositions of albumen and yolk was found except in crude ash content of albumen.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1372-1381
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• 2017

Objective: Our study provides information on phenotypes of local chickens and guinea fowl and their body measures as well as on major genes in local chickens in northern Ghana. Methods: Qualitative and morphometric traits were recorded on 788 local chickens and 394 guinea fowl in urban households in Tamale, Ghana. Results: The results showed considerable variation of color traits and numerous major genes in local chickens, while color variations and related genotypes in guinea fowl were limited. In local chickens, white was preferred for plumage, whereas dark colors were preferred for beak and shanks. More than half of the chickens carried at least one major gene, but the contributions of single gene carriers were low. All calculated allele frequencies were significantly lower than their expected Mendelian allele frequencies. We observed higher mean body weight and larger linear body measures in male as compared to female chickens. In female chickens, we detected a small effect of major genes on body weight and chest circumference. In addition, we found some association between feather type and plumage color. In guinea fowl, seven distinct plumage colors were observed, of which pearl grey pied and pearl grey were the most prevalent. Male pearl grey pied guinea fowl were inferior to pearl grey and white guinea fowl in terms of body weight, body length and chest circumference; their shank length was lower than that of pearl grey fowl. Conclusion: Considerable variation in qualitative traits of local chickens may be indicative of genetic diversity within local chicken populations, but major genes were rare. In contrast, phenotypic and genetic diversity in local guinea fowl is limited. Broader genetic diversity studies and evaluation of trait preferences of local poultry producers are required for the design of appropriate breeding programs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2005

Canine coronavirus (CCV) causes a mild gastroenteritis in dogs. The virus is highly contagious. Although the virus was isolated more than thirty years ago, canine coronavirus infection continues to be a widespread problem. Mixed infections with both CCV and canine parvovirus (CPV) are common. Four kinds of commercial killed CCV vaccines are available in Korea. All the commercial vaccines should pass the National Assay for Veterinary Biologicals prior to release. For the potency test of CCV vaccine, it is necessary to use CCV antibody free dogs. The test requires not only kennels but high cost. To develop easy, efficient and economic potency test method for killed CCV vaccine using laboratory animals, a series of experiments with rabbits and guinea pigs were carried out in this study. In the preliminary test, the guinea pigs showed better immune responses than rabbits. The guinea pig was also easy to manage. So guinea pig was selected for the potency test animals. When the guinea pigs were inoculated twice with one dose of vaccine intramuscuarly each, slower and a little lower SN antibody titers were induced in guinea pigs than in dogs (about 2 kg body weight Beagle strain) given the same posology as guinea pigs'. It was concluded that guinea pigs could be substituted for dogs in the potency test of killed CCV vaccine.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 1998

To clarify whether nizatidine, a $H_2$ receptor antagonist, has the cholinergic activity, the effects of nizatidine on the guinea pig ileum and on the acetylcholinesterase in human serum were studied. And, the mechanism of excitatory effect of nizatidine on the cholinergic system in ileum was also studied. Nizatidine caused a concentration-dependent contractile response by the guinea pig ileum. The $EC_{50}\;was\;53\;{\mu}M$ and the maximum response was at $300\;{\mu}M$. Ranitidine also caused a contractile response by the guinea pig ileum, but cimetidine and famotidine did not. The pretreatment with $H_1$ receptor antagonist did not affect the actions of nizatidine on the guinea pig ileum, but the pretreatment with atropine completely blocked them. Nizatidine significantly enhanced the acetylcholine-induced response of the guinea pig ileum, but not the pilocarpine-induced response. Nizatidine did not affect the histamine-induced response of the guinea pig ileum. Nizatidine still exerted the small excitatory effect on the guinea pig ileum pretreated with the high concentration of physostigmine. Nizatidine significantly inhibited the acetylcholinesterase in human serum. These results suggest that nizatidine exerts an excitatory effect on guinea pig ileum which seems to be associated with the cholinergic system, probably through an indirect mechanism, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and/or increased release of acetylcholine.