• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2018

Mt. Bongeui is a neighborhood park of 66.4 ha as a major natural landscape resource located in the center of Chuncheon City. This study quantified the reduction of carbon, $SO_2$, $NO_2$, $O_3$, and $PM_{2.5}$, and the production of $O_2$ to explore the role for Mt. Bongeui to contribute to annual atmospheric purification. The main forest types and age classes of the study site included age-class III broadleaved forest at 35.8%, age-class VI coniferous forest at 17.2%, and age-class IV broadleaved forest at 15.7%. The annual atmospheric purification effect per unit area was as follows: 7.6 t carbon/ha/yr, 16.6 kg $SO_2/ha/yr$, 40.4 kg $NO_2/ha/yr$, 41.5 kg $O_3/ha/yr$, 53.7 kg $PM_{2.5}/ha/yr$, and 20.2 t $O_2/ha/yr$. The economic value of these effects was equivalent to about 12.9 million KRW/ha/yr. The study site annually offset carbon emissions of about 300 citizens, $SO_2$ emissions of 220 citizens, and $NO_2$ emissions of 92 citizens in Chuncheon. It also played an important role in annually producing 1.5% of the amount of $O_2$ necessary for the respiration of Chuncheon's total population. This study pioneers in comprehensively quantifying the atmospheric purification effect and could be useful in guiding the planning and management to improve the effect.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to discuss the mechanical and geometric features of Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files and its clinical effects. NiTi rotary files have been introduced to the markets with their own geometries and claims that they have better ability for the root canal shaping than their competitors. The contents of this paper include the (possible) interrelationship between the geometries of NiTi file (eg. tip, taper, helical angle, etc) and clinical performance of the files as follows; - Fracture modes of NiTi rotary files - Non-cutting guiding tip and glide path - Taper and clinical effects - Cross-sectional area and clinical effects - Heat treatments and surface characteristics - Screw-in effect and preservation of root dentin integrity - Designs for reducing screw-in effect Conclusions: Based on the reviewed contents, clinicians may have an advice to use various brands of NiTi rotary instruments regarding their advantages which would fit for clinical situation.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.112-124
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• 2021

Objectives The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Pediatric Tuina Massage (PTM) as a treatment of Chlidren's Epilepsy (CE) and to seek guidance for future follow-up studies and the use of Pediatric Tuina Massage (PTM) in clinical setting. Methods The articles were obtained from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 2000 to 2021 by key words 'epilepsy', '癲癎', '癲癎病', 'infantile spasm', '婴幼儿痉挛', '小儿发作', '婴幼儿痉挛' and '推拿', '按摩', 'Tuina', 'Chuna', 'massage' in cross combination way. Results Seven articles were selected and analyzed by authors, years published, characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods and contents, treatment periods, evaluation criteria and research results. Also, stability and side effects were reviewed, and the qualities of the randomized controlled trials (RCT) were evaluated according to Risks of Bias 2 (RoB 2). All studies using Pediatric Tuina Massage (PTM) treatment have achieved effective therapeutic results for treating Children's epilepsy (CE). Conclusion Pediatric Tuina Massage (PTM) is economical, safe without side effects and non-invasive, but still produce a good effect. Also, it is a good treatment option for children who feels anxious of ordinary Korean Medical treatment such as acupuncture, moxa, herbal medicine, which also results in good compliance with the treatment. In addition, it is possible to enhance therapeutic effect by combining it with pharmacological therapies in treating children's epilepsy (CE). Therefore, Pediatric Tuina Massage (PTM) provides an essential clinical basis in guiding further studies for the treatment of CE.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.157-172
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• 2004

The results of this study has been split into two components, On set of results addressed the strategy of developing a Agility for maintenance consumer. The other set of results addressed the strategy of illuminating the successful measurement and concepts formed during the maintenance problem solving process, especially in the context of the Logistics Information system by aggregation information space. This paper presented a classifiable elements of Agility & Measurement of logistics capability in the Korea market. These concepts are positioned in a framework to give a better understanding what the consequences are of the changing business environment. The developments towards more globalization which leads to centralization and mass individualization that has a tendency to go more in the decentralized solutions, seems to be in contradiction. we will focus a proposal of Logistics information system and demand management decisions that should be a prime concern of any profit maximizing firm, unready strategy of investment. and we will prove the facts that it could be a guiding company which has a ability of cooperation with entities through the founding of supply chain, On the conclusion, we will show the variation which influences for capacity entities and alternative proposal to define a element which influnce for a cause and effect basically.[5]

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.159-167
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand graffiti images in fashion trends since 2000 and to play a guiding role in the development of fashion designs. The methods of this study are an academic literature review as well as practical study through actual case studies about. The formative characteristics of graffiti in fashion since 2000 are summarized as amusement, abstract and improvisation as follows. First, amusement graffiti is humble, weak and unfinished, but the immature and informal characters give people vitality, composure and enjoyment. It stirs up memories of childhood and induces a close affinity and comfort, and so It expresses relaxing and cozy desire. Second, abstract graffiti represents ambiguity and obscurity beyond form. It is born by reacting to equality, symmetry, mechanism, man-created beauty and the completeness of modernism. The characteristics are disorder, uncertainty, incompletion, uniformity, freedom, nature and so on. Third, improvisation graffiti is deeply related to 'indeterminacy' of post modernism which cannot forecast a perfection. This is more important as a process than an effect. Improvisation pursues humanism which denies perfection and determinacy by reaction of new technology.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2017

Purpose - This study attempts to extend the research in responsible luxury by identifying contexts where Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can promote luxury brands' evaluation. It contributes to the literature on consumer responses to CSR, and to responsible luxury in particular and demonstrates how dispositional consensus and luxury-CSR information of luxury brands affects consumers' evaluation of brand. Research design, data, and methodology - An experiment was conducted to test the relationship between brand evaluation and responsible luxury brands' CSR information using collected data through a survey in a large university of South Korea. Study conditions were manipulated with various product types to analyze the relationship in different product domains. Results - When consensus regarding sincere and altruistic motive of companies for CSR activity is high, the perceived fit between luxury brand and the type of CSR has no effect on brand evaluation. But, in case of lower consensus regarding the benevolent company motives, higher fit enhances evaluation than lower fit. Conclusions - In using consensus as a guiding factor to choose the type of charity with favorably view, the level of irrespective fit can help luxury firms to enjoy the benefits of better image. In case of low consensus donating to charities that are closely related to the brands' product or area of business seems to be fruitful.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.31A no.10
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• pp.79-86
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• 1994

Gain-guided broad-area single quantum well separate confinement heterostructure diode lasers have been fabricated from structures grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. The active layer of the epi-structure is InGaAs emitting 962-965nm and the guiding layer GaAs. The channel width is fixed to 150${\mu}$m and the cavity length varys within the range of 300~800${\mu}$m. For uncoated LD's, the output power of 0.7W has been obtaained at a pulsed current level of 2A, which results about 60% external quantum efficiency. The threshold current density is 200A/cm$^{2}$ for the cavity lengths of 800.mu.m LD's. The stain effect upon the transparent current density has been observed. The internal quantum efficiency is expected to be 88% and the internal loss to be 18$cm^{-1}$. The beam divergence has been measured to be 7$^{\circ}$to lateral and 40$^{\circ}$to transverse direction. finally, 1.2W continuous-wave output power has been obtained at a current level of 2A for AR/HR coated LD's die-bonded on Cu heat-sink and cooled by TEC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.95-98
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• 2006

LCD-BLU (Back Light Unit) is one of kernel parts of LCD unit. The fabrication method of a 3-D micro mold patterned with micro-lenses for the LGP (Light Guiding Plate), one of the most important parts of LCD-BLU, was presented. Instead of dot pattern made by etching, 3-D optical pattern design with $50{\mu}m$ micro-lens was applied in the present study. The micro-lens pattern fabricated by modified LiGA with thermal reflow process was applied to the optical design of LGP. The positive micro-lens patterned injection mold with different aspect ratios (i.e. 0.3 and 0.4) was fabricated with modified LiGA with thermal reflow process. The brightness of LCD-BLU increased as aspect ratio of micro-lens increased.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2006

Exhaust system of steam turbines consists of an annular diffuser and a collector and connects the last stage turbine and the condenser. The system is used to transfer the turbine leaving kinetic energy to potential energy while guiding the flow from turbine exit plane to the downstream condenser. In the steam turbine exhaust system, distorted pressure profile is arisen by the nonaxisymmetric collector structure at the diffuser outlet, and this distorted pressure is propagated to the last stage LP turbine exit plane through the diffuser, then the last stage LP turbine experiences asymmetric back pressure. It is known that the pressure recovery performance of diffuser is strongly influenced by diffuser inflow condition. In this study, the effect of exhaust system due to the changing of inlet flow condition is observed by using CFD, and the interaction of last stage LP turbine and exhaust system is investigated by using actuator disk model as modeling of turbine blade row of exhaust hood inlet.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.44 no.2 s.109
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• pp.159-167
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• 2005

As the 7th mathematics curriculum reform in Korea was implemented with its goal based on Freudenthal's perspectives on mathematization theory, the research on the effect of mathematization has been become more significant. The purpose of this thesis is not only to find whether this foreign theory would be also applied effectively into our educational practice in Korea, but also to investigate how much important role teachers should play in their teaching students, in order that students accomplish the process of mathematization more effectively. Two case studies were carried out with two groups of middle-school students using qualitative-research method with the research instrument designed by the researcher. It was found that we could get the possibility of being able to apply effectively this theory even to our educational practice since the students engaged in their mathematization using the horizontal mathematization and the vertical mathematization in geometry. Also, it was mentioned that teachers' role was so important in guiding students' processes of mathematization, although mathematization is the teaching-learning theory, stimulating students' activities. Since the Freudenthal's mathematization applied in the thesis is so meaningful in our educational practice, we need more various research about this theory that helps students develope their mathematical thinking.