• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2002

Oryzalexine A, a potent growth inhibitor against several weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L) Scop., and Amaranthus lividus L. was purified by conventional solvent partitioning and column chromatographies. This substance showed strong inhibitory activity on several weeds: Germination of seeds of Poa annua L. was inhibited by 36.5 % at 1.0 mM and Amaranthus lividus L. by 56.1% at 2.5mM. Growth of root and shoot of Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. by 10.2% and 22.4% at 2.5mM, respectively. These suggest that Oryzalexine A in rice straw might affect the germination and growth of susceptible weeds and other plants.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 1984

The effect of growth inhibitors on colonial growth of cellulolytic fungus, genus Trichoderma, was investigated to develop a method for the effective screening of various auxotrophs and hypercellulolytic strains. As the results, it was revealed that non-ionic detergents such as Sodium deoxycholate and Triton X-100 were the better ones as a growth inhibitor than Oxgall which has been used to restrict the colony size in genus Trichoderma. Each individual colony remained distinct on minimal plate supplemented with 0.05% Triton X-100 for as long as two or more weeks. The screening of 150 to 200 colonies simultaneous on a single plate was possible in the presence of Triton X-100. The effect of Triton X-100 on simultaneous screening was higher than that of Oxgall by a factor of two.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

A new cipadesin limonoid, i.e. 3-epi-cipadonoid C (1), and a new tirucallane triterpene, i.e. hispidol B 3-palmitate (3), have been isolated from the seeds and fruit peels extract of Sandoricum koetjape, respectively. Along with these compounds the known limonoid, cipaferen G (2), and two pentacyclic triterpenes, bryonolic (4) and bryononic (5) acids, were also isolated. The strucrures of the new compounds were elucidated by the analysis of NMR and mass spectral data. Compounds 1 - 5 were evaluated as the inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; HER2, HER4, Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2, -4; IGFR, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor; InsR, Insulin Receptor; KDR, Kinase insert Domain Receptor; PDGFRα, and PDGFRβ, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor-α and -β). The results showed only 1 and 3 that have weak activity against InsR.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.323-331
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• 2005

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of $\beta-lapachone$, a quinone obtained from the bark of the lapacho tree (Tabebuia avellanedae) in South America, on the cell growth of human hepatoma (HepG2) and bladder (T24) carcinoma cells. Exposure of cancer cells to $\beta-lapachone$ resulted in growth inhibition, morphological changes and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, which could be proved by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses revealed that $\beta-lapachone$ did not affect the levels of tumor suppressor p53 and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21 (WAFl/CIPl) expression. However, the transcriptional factor Sp-l and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein levels were significantly down-regulated by $\beta-lapachone$ in both cell lines. Moreover, $\beta-lapachone$ treatment caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the expression of telomere regulatory gene products such as human telomere reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and telomerase-associated protein-l (TEP-l). Taken together, these findings suggest that $\beta-lapachone$-induced inhibition of human hepatoma and bladder carcinoma cell proliferation is associated with the induction of apoptotic cell death via modulation of several major growth regulatory gene products, and provide important new insights into the additional mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of $\beta-lapachone$.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.3419-3423
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• 2013

Of all gynecologic cancers, endometrial cancer is the most common cancer in the US and Europe. In addition, it is presently the second most common gynecologic cancer in the world. As a result of increasing menopausal, obese and tamoxifen use women, the incidence of the cancer seems to be on the increase. Surgery is the major treatment, whereas postoperative radiation therapy in high-intermediate risk patients many prevent locoregional recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy can improve progression free survival in advanced or recurrent cancers. Molecular targeted therapies are now a focus of attention including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). They may provide useful future strategies for control of endometrial malignancies in developing countries and across the world.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.6
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• pp.271-273
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• 2014

Disease flare-up after discontinuing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has been considered as a critical issue in lung cancer patients who have experienced radiologic progression after showing initial durable response. This is a case of systemic nocardiosis that occurred after chronic steroid use for radionecrosis from stereotactic radiosurgery. It was initially thought as a disease flare-up after stopping EGFR-TKI.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1481-1483
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• 1998

we have investigated the effect of aromatic compounds and tree inception and growth in low density polyethylene, for AC voltage and Impulse voltage. 2kinds of aromatic compounds are selected. Each additive (m-cresol, aniline) was mixed in low density polyethylene. For AC voltage, 10wt% $\sim$ 15wt% m-cresol can be shown to be the effective inhibitor to tree initiation. But, For Impulse voltage, 10wt% $\sim$ 15wt% aniline is effective inhibitor to tree initiation.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 2003

The tadpole larva of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi has two sensory pigment cells in its brain vesicle. To elucidate the temporal requirement for FGF signaling in formation of the pigment cells, embryos were treated with an FGF receptor 1 inhibitor, SU5402, or an MEK inhibitor, U0126 during various embryonic stages. In the present study, it is shown that the embryos treated with SU5402 from the 16-cell stage to the early gastrula stage do not form pigment cells, whereas those treated after the early gastrula stage form pigment cells. In pigment cell formation, embryos suddenly exhibited the sensitivity to SU5402 only for 1 h at the neural plate stage(-4 h after the beginning of gastrulation). When U0126 treatment was carried out at various stages between the 8-cell and late neurula stages, the embryos scarcely formed pigment cells. Pigment cell formation occurred when the embryos were placed in U0126 at early tail bud stage. These results indicate that FGF signaling is involved in pigment cell formation at two separate processes during ascidian embryogenesis, whereas more prolonged period is required for MEK signaling.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.91.2-91.2
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• 2003

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate the cell division cycle, apoptosis, transcription and differentiation. Inhibition of CDK is a promising target in development of anti-cancer agents. An indirubin analog (AGM01l), a CDK inhibitor, is a synthetic compound that inhibits human cancer cell growth in vitro. AGM01l showed a potent cytotoxicity in cultured human cancer cell lines (IC$\sub$50/ = 5.43 ${\mu}$M for A549, human colon cancer cell; IC$\sub$50/ = 1.21 ${\mu}$M for SNU-638, human stomach cancer cell; IC$\sub$50/ 9.23 ${\mu}$M for HL-60, human leukemia cell). (omitted)

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.230-235
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• 1999

To study the effects of an urease inhibitor, N-(n-butyl)-thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), on nitrogen losses and nitrogen use efficiency, urea fertilizer with or without inhibitors and slowrelease fertilizer (synthetic thermoplastic resins coated urea) were applied to direct-seeded flooded rice fields in 1998. In the urea and the urea+DCD treatments, NH$_4$$^{+}$ -N concentrations reached 50 mg N L$^{-1}$ after application. Urea+NBPT and urea+ NBPT+DCD treatments maintained NH$_4$$^{+}$ -N concentrations below 10 mg N L$^{-1}$ in the floodwater, while the slow-release fertilizer application maintained the lowest concentration of NH$_4$$^{+}$ -N in floodwater. The ammonia losses of urea+NBPT and urea+NBPT+DCD treatments were lower than those of urea and urea+DCD treatments during the 30 days after fertilizer application. It was found that N loss due to ammonia volatilization was minimized in the treatments of NBPT with urea and the slow-release fertilizer. The volatile loss of urea+DCD treatment was not significantly different from that of urea surface application. It was found that NBPT delayed urea hydrolysis and then decreased losses due to ammonia volatilization. DCD, a nitrification inhibitor, had no significant effect on ammonia loss under flooded conditions. The slow-release fertilizer application reduced ammonia volatilization loss most effectively. As N0$_3$$^{[-10]}$ -N concentrations in the soil water indicated that leaching losses of N were negligible, DCD was not effective in inhibiting nitrification in the flooded soil. The amount of N in plants was especially low in the slow-release fertilizer treatment during the early growth stage for 15 days after fertilization. The amount of N in the rice plants, however, was higher in the slow-release fertilizer treatment than in other treatments at harvest. Grain yields in the treatments of slow-release fertilizer, urea+NBPT+ DCD and urea+NBPT were significantly higher than those in the treatments of urea and urea+DCD. NBPT treatment with urea and the slow-release fertilizer application were effective in both reducing nitrogen losses and increasing grain yield by improving N use efficiency in direct-seeded flooded rice field.field.