• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2017

Objective: To assess the differences in ovarian transcriptomes in Shan Ma ducks between their peak and late stages of egg production, and to obtain new transcriptomic data of these egg-producing ducks. Methods: The Illumina HiSeq 2000 system was used for high throughput sequencing of ovarian transcriptomes from Shan Ma ducks at their peak or late stages of egg production. Results: Greater than 93% of the sequencing data had a base quality score (Q score) that was not less than 20 (Q20). From ducks at their peak stage of egg production, 42,782,676 reads were obtained, with 4,307,499,083 bp sequenced. From ducks at their late stage of egg production, 45,316,166 reads were obtained, with 4,562,063,363 bp sequenced. A comparison of the two datasets identified 2,002 differentially expressed genes, with 790 upregulated and 1,212 downregulated. Further analysis showed that 1,645 of the 2,002 differentially expressed genes were annotated in the non-redundant (NR) database, with 646 upregulated and 999 downregulated. Among the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database, 696 genes were functionally annotated in the clusters of orthologous groups of proteins database, involving 25 functional categories. One thousand two hundred four of the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database were functionally annotated in the gene ontology (GO) database, and could be divided into three domains and 56 categories. The three domains were cellular component, molecular function, and biological process. Among the genes identified in the GO database, 451 are involved in development and reproduction. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes with annotations in the NR database against the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database revealed that 446 of the genes could be assigned to 175 metabolic pathways, of which the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, fructose and mannose metabolic pathways, gonadotropin releasing hormone signaling pathway and transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway were significantly enriched. Conclusion: The differences in ovarian transcriptomes in Shan Ma ducks between their peak and late stages of egg production were elucidated, which greatly enriched the ovarian transcriptomic information of egg-producing ducks.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2019

Objective: To compare digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and conventional full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in the detectability of breast cancers in patients with dense breast tissue, and to determine the influencing factors in the detection of breast cancers using the two techniques. Materials and Methods: Three blinded radiologists independently graded cancer detectability of 300 breast cancers (288 women with dense breasts) on DBT and conventional FFDM images, retrospectively. Hormone status, histologic grade, T stage, and breast cancer subtype were recorded to identify factors affecting cancer detectability. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare cancer detectability by DBT and conventional FFDM. Fisher's exact tests were used to determine differences in cancer characteristics between detectability groups. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine whether the detectability score differed according to cancer characteristics. Results: Forty breast cancers (13.3%) were detectable only with DBT; 191 (63.7%) breast cancers were detected with both FFDM and DBT, and 69 (23%) were not detected with either. Cancer detectability scores were significantly higher for DBT than for conventional FFDM (median score, 6; range, 0-6; p < 0.001). The DBT-only cancer group had more invasive lobular-type breast cancers (22.5%) than the other two groups (i.e., cancer detected on both types of image [both-detected group], 5.2%; cancer not detected on either type of image [both-non-detected group], 7.3%), and less detectability of ductal carcinoma in situ (5% vs. 16.8% [both-detected group] vs. 27.5% [both-non-detected group]). Low-grade cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (22.5% vs. 10%, p = 0.026). Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-negative cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (92.3% vs. 70.5%, p = 0.004). Cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue were detected less often in the DBT only group than in the both-non-detected group (10% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.016). DBT cancer detectability scores were significantly associated with cancer type (p = 0.012), histologic grade (p = 0.013), T and N stage (p = 0.001, p = 0.024), proportion of glandular tissue surrounding lesions (p = 0.013), and lesion type (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Invasive lobular, low-grade, or HER-2-negative cancer is more detectable with DBT than with conventional FFDM in patients with dense breasts, but cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue might be missed with both techniques.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.517-523
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• 2018

만성적 스트레스가 있는 상황에서, 과잉 생산된 cortisol은 glucocorticoid receptor (GR)를 활성화시킴으로써 해마(hippocampus)에 있는 신경 세포에 손상을 줄 수 있다. Cortisol을 생성하지 못하는 동물들의 경우, corticosterone이 스트레스 호르몬의 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 한편, 인간의 경우, corticosterone은 aldosterone의 전구물질 이거나 cortisol과 비슷한 특성을 가지는 하나의 glucocorticoid로만 여겨져 왔다. 최근 인간을 대상으로 cortisol과 dexamethasone과 같은 합성 glucocorticoid의 기능에 관한 연구가 많이 이루어져 왔으나, corticosterone의 정확한 기능에 대하여 많이 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서 corticosterone을 여러 농도로 SH-SY5Y 세포에 처리한 후 24시간과 48시간 때 viability를 조사한 결과, 높은 농도($500{\mu}M$과 $1,000{\mu}M$)에서 SH-SY5Y 세포의 성장 억제가 관찰된 반면, 낮은 농도($100{\mu}M$)에선 그 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 맥문동, 오미자, 복신 열수 추출물에 대한 세포 독성을 실시한 결과, 세 시료 모두 농도가 높아질수록 높은 세포 독성을 보였다. 한편, $500{\mu}g/ml$의 맥문동은 corticosterone에 의해 유도된 세포 성장 억제를 완화시켜 세포 성장을 회복시키는 효과를 보였다. 마지막으로, 맥문동 $500{\mu}g/ml$에 오미자와 복신의 농도를 달리하여 제조한 여러 혼합물의 시너지 효과를 알아본 결과, 대부분 혼합물이 약간의 효과를 보이긴 했으나, 음성 대조군 수준만큼 회복되지는 않았다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2016

GHSR 유전자 변이에 대한 선행연구는 몇몇의 변이가 닭의 성장형질에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 유전자마커로써 활용될 수 있음을 보고하였다. 하지만 한국재래계를 대상으로 하는 유전연구는 매우 미흡하고, 외래계 대상의 유전자마커의 도입에는 검증실험이 선 요구된다. 따라서 본 논문은 GHSR 유전자의 성장형질과의 연관성을 확인하며, 한국재래계에 적용할 수 있는 유전자마커를 제시하고자 하였다. 국립축산과학원에서 사육 중인 6계통의 한국재래계 220수를 공시재료로 하여 닭의 체중과의 연관성이 보고된 바 있는 GHSR 유전자의 c.739+726SNP 유전자형을 PCR-RFLP 방법을 통하여 분석하였다. 이후 집단 내에서 30수를 선발하여 염기서열 분석을 수행함으로써 한국재래계내 유전자 변이를 확인하였다. c.739+726SNP을 포함하여 염기서열 분석을 통해 파악된 유전자 변이와 한국재래계의 경제형질과의 연관성 분석에는 SPSS version 22.0을 이용하였다. c.739+726SNP은 전체계 군(n=220)에서 150일령 체중과 270일령 체중과의 연관성을 확인할 수 있었으며(p<0.01), 모색에 의해 구분된 계통별 분석에서는 한국재래계(Gray) 계군에서 150일령 체중과의 연관성이(p<0.05), 한국재래계(White) 계군에서 산란수와 연관성이 확인되었다(p<0.05). 또한 염기서열 분석을 통해서 확인한 513A>G, 517A>T SNP 유전자형에 따라 각각 체중과 산란수에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과는 외래육계와 유전적 차이를 가지는 한국재래계의 유전정보를 제공하고, 적합한 분자유전마커를 개발하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, GHSR 유전자내의 유전변이가 분자유전마커 기반의 선발육종에 사용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.