• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.326-334
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• 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the optimal nitrogen concentration level suitable for forage rice growth by hydroponic cultivation in the salinity concentration of 0.1~0.3% which is similar to that of Muan reclaimed paddy field, and based on this results, to estimate optimal nitrogen fertilization level by field experiment in Muan reclaimed paddy for maximum forage production by cultivation of Yeongwoo rice. As a result of the growth response to the salt and nitrogen concentrations in the hydroponic cultivation experiment, the growth amount increased as the nitrogen concentration increased in the range of 0~24 me/L in the absence of salt stress. However, at a salt concentration of 0.1~0.3%, the growth amount was the highest at a nitrogen concentration of 12 me/L, and at higher nitrogen concentrations of that, the rice growth decreased as the nitrogen concentration increased. Therefore, nitrogen concentration of 12 me/L was judged to be an appropriate concentration for forage rice growth at salt concentration of 0.1~0.3%, and a nitrogen fertilization amount level corresponding to a nitrogen concentration of 12 me/L was actually applied to the Muan reclaimed paddy field for forage rice cultivation during two years. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer was tested with three treatments, which are 18 kg/10a considered appropriate, and 1.5 times and 2 times of the appropriate amount, and the planting density was tested with 2 treatments of 15 hills/m² and 26 hills/m². As a result of the reclaimed paddy field experiment, the yield was the highest when nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 18 kg/10a in the planting density of both treatments. Looking at the yield according to planting density, the high planting density plot yielded higher than the low planting density plot. In other words, when the planting density was 26 hills/m² and the nitrogen fertilization amount was 18 kg/10, the highest dry matter yield of 1,763 kg/10a was obtained. From the results of hydroponics and reclaimed field experiments, we could conclude that the productivity of forage rice decreased more as the nitrogen concentration increased when the nitrogen concentration was higher than the optimal level under salt stress.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

본 시험은 사료용 총체 벼의 수확시기 및 품종이 수량 및 사료가치에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 2003년부터 2005년까지 축산연구소에서 수행되었다. 식용벼인 추청벼와 총체벼 전용품종인 하마사리를 이용하여 생육시기별로 6회(출수, 개화, 유숙, 호숙, 황숙 및 완숙기)에 걸쳐 수확하였다. 조단백질 함량은 수확이 늦어짐에 따라 감소하였으나 TDN 함량은 증가되었다. ADF 함량으로 추정된($TDN=88.9-(0.79{\times}ADF)$) 평균 TDN 함량은 60% 내외로 나타났다. ADF 및 NDF 함량은 수확이 지연됨에 따라 감소되었다. 건물수량은 황숙기에 가장 높았으며(p<0.05) 추청벼가 하마사리 보다 약간 높았지만 유의적이 차이는 없었다. TDN 수량도 건물수량과 같은 경향을 보였으나 매 수확시기별 품종간에는 유의적인 차이가 나타났다(p<0.05). 따라서 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 총체 벼의 수확적기는 호숙기${\sim}$황숙기로 추천되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.148-155
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• 1985

수도(水稻)의 생육(生育)과 수량(收量)에 미치는 볏짚과 규회석(珪灰石)의 효과(效果)를 규명코져 볏짚은 무시용(無施用)과 88g/pot(1000kg/10a)로 2수준, 규회석(珪灰石)은 무시용(無施用)(50ppm), 27(150ppm), 85(300ppm), 135g/pot(450ppm조절량) 4수준을 각각 다르게 처리하고 pot 시험(試驗)을 한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 볏짚이나 규회석(珪灰石) 단용(單用)을 수도(水稻)의 초기생육(初期生育)을 억제(抑制)시켰으나 이들의 병용구(倂用區)에서 이상적인 초형(草型)으로 발달(發達)되어 특히 최고분운기(最高分芸期) 이후(以後)에 효과(效果)가 매우 커서 정조수량(正租收量)이 증가(增加)되었다. 2. 볏짚 무시용구(無施用區)는 규회석(珪灰石) 27g/pot구(區)에서 모두 정조수량(正租收量)이 많았고 볏짚 시용구(施用區)에서는 시용당년(施用當年)에는 규회석(珪灰石) 85g/pot구(區), 그리고 다음해의 잔효구(殘效區)에서는 규회석(珪灰石) 135g/pot구(區)에서 정조수량(正租收量)이 가장 많아 볏짚시용(施用)은 규산(硅酸)의 요구량(要求量)을 증가(增加)시키는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 처리간(處理間)에 최고수량(最高收量)을 낸 구(區)는 시비년도(施肥年度)에는 볏짚+규회석(珪灰石) 85g/pot구(區)로서 대조구(對照區)보다 25%의 정조수량(正租收量)이 증대(增大)되었다. 볏짚과 규회석(珪灰石)의 잔효(殘效)를 본 익년도(翌年度)에서는 볏짚+규회석(珪灰石) 135g/pot구(區)가 대조구(對照區)보다 30%의 증가(增加)를 보여 볏짚이나 규회석(珪灰石) 단용(單用)보다 병용효과(倂用效果)가 컸었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 1983

This study was conducted to evaluate the affect of soil conditioners and their application rates on the growth, Yield and quality of Flue-cured tobacco. Soil conditioners for this study were Montmorillonite arid Zeolite as clay mineral source and Rice hull and Sawdust as organic source. Their application rates were 500, 1000, 2000kg/10a. The growth of tobacco plants was promoted, compared with that of Non- treated plot (control) by Zeolite, Montmorillonite and Rice hull application but decreased by Sawdust application. During tobacco growing season soil moisture content, compared with control, was increased by Zeolite and Montmorillonite application but decreased by Rice hull and Sawdust application. In contrast to soil moisture content, soil temperature was higher in the Rice hull and Sawdust plot than in the plot of Zeolite and Montmorillonite. The treatment of Sawdust, compared with control, obviously accelerated the maturity of tobacco, increased reducing Sugar but decreased total alkaloids, nicotine and nitrogen content of cured leaves. The Sawdust Plot decreased the Yield (kg/10a) with significant difference by 1 %level but significantly increased leaf quality (Won/kg) and value (Won/10a) by 1%and 5 %level, respectively. The present application , ate of Nitrogen in Korea (12.5kg/10a) seems to be excessive for Flue-cured tobacco production.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2008

쌀겨 시용량에 따른 벼 생육 및 쌀 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 10a 당 쌀겨 100, 250, 500 kg 3수준으로 모 이앙전 10일에 본답 처리하였으며, 화학비료는 기준시용 및 50% 감량으로 단독 및 쌀겨 혼용 처리를 하였다. 화학비료 단독처리구(100% RF)와 쌀겨 단독처리구(200% RB, 100% RB, 50% RB)를 비교하여 보면 쌀겨처리구가 이앙 후 30일째에는 초장 생육이 저조하였으나, 출수기에서의 조사에서는 처리구간 유의성이 인정되지 않아 쌀겨 처리에 따른 초기 초장 생육 저조현상이 시간이 흐름에 따라 회복되었음을 알 수 있었다. 쌀겨의 단독 처리보다는 50% 화학비료와의 혼용처리가 수량에 있어서, 화학비료 기준시용보다 비슷하거나 높게 나타나 쌀겨 혼용처리가 화학비료 시용량을 낮출 수 있었다. 쌀겨의 시용량이 많을수록 등숙률이 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 수수와 초장은 반대의 경향이었다. 또한 미질 특성에 있어서는 쌀겨 시용량이 많아질수록 단백질 함량과 분상질립의 비율이 높게 조사되었으나 완전립의 비율은 낮게 조사되었다. 아밀로스 함량은 화학비료 단독 처리구 $17.9{\sim}18.1%$, 화학비료 50%+쌀겨 혼용처리구에서 $17.3{\sim}17.8%$로 나타나 화학비료 단독처리구보다 혼용 처리구에서 아밀로스 함량이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 쌀겨 처리량에 따라 벼 생육 및 미질에 영향을 주었으며, 화학비료 50% 시용시 쌀겨를 혼합처리하면 비료 기준시용과 비슷하거나 높은 수량을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2010

Calocybe indica, a tropical edible mushroom, is popular because it has good nutritive value and it can be cultivated commercially. The current investigation was undertaken to determine a suitable substrate and the appropriate thickness of casing materials for the cultivation of C. indica. Optimum mycelial growth was observed in coconut coir substrate. Primordia initiation with the different substrates and casing materials was observed between the 13th and 19th day. The maximum length of stalk was recorded from sugarcane leaf, while diameter of stalk and pileus, and thickness of pileus were found in rice straw substrate. The highest biological and economic yield, and biological efficiency were also obtained in the rice straw substrate. Cow dung and loamy soil, farm-yard manure, loamy soil and sand, and spent oyster mushroom substrates were used as casing materials to evaluate the yield and yield-contributing characteristics of C. indica. The results indicate that the number of effective fruiting bodies, the biological and economic yield, and the biological efficiency were statistically similar all of the casing materials used. The maximum biological efficiency was found in the cow dung and loamy soil casing material. The cow dung and loamy soil (3 cm thick) was the best casing material and the rice straw was the best substrate for the commercial cultivation of C. indica.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2008

Multilocation trials on 36 rice(Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi(Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and $S^2d$ Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, $S^2d$, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide(MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index(SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH-sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency $x^2$ test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

Response of grain yield and milled-rice protein content to nitrogen topdress (N) timing at panicle initiation stage (PIS) is critical for quantifying real-time N requirement for target grain yield and milled-rice protein content. Two split-split-plot experiments with three replications, one in 2004 and the other in 2005, were conducted in Experimental Farm, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea. The experiments included three N rates at tillering stage (TS), three N timing treatments at panicle initiation stage (PIS) and two rice cultivars. The N rates at TS, N timing at PIS, and rice cultivars were randomly assigned to main plot, sub plot, and sub-sub plot, respectively. Results showed that the delayed N application at PIS reduced grain yield in 2004 and increased milled-rice protein content in both years significantly at 0.05 probability level. The calculated optimum N timing at PIS from pooled data by N rates and rice cultivars in two years was at 28 days before heading (DBH). However, real-time of N timing at PIS was dependent on plant growth and N status around PIS that in turn was dependent on applied N rates at TS. The optimum N timing at PIS was at 30 DBH for no N treatments at TS while at 27 DBH for 3.6 and 7.2 kg N/10a treatments and at 27 and 29 DBH for Hwaseongbyeo and Daeanbyeo, respectively. In general, earlier applied N at PIS resulted in lower milled-rice protein content but the highest grain yield was expected to be obtained when N topdress at PIS was applied at the time when shoot N concentration started to drop below about 23 mg/g due to dilution effect after transplanting. In conclusion, the results of our experiments imply that the currently recommended N topdress time (24DBH) at PIS in Korea should be reconsidered for the higher grain yield and the better quality of rice.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2001

To evaluate the effect of liquid pig manure application, the growth and yield of rice and the quality of infiltration water were investigated with application of different amounts of liquid manure. At this study, liquid pig manure was treated with 100, 200, 300 and 400% of recommending nitrogen fertilizer level, respectively. Liquid manure with application rate more than 200% of recommending N fertilizer level (11kg) caused to increase of plant height and number of tiller at panicle formation stage, but it caused the plant disease and pest and plant lodging. In those treatment, number of panicles per hill and number of spikelets per panicle were increased, but yield of rice was less than chemical fertilizer treatment due to low rate of ripeness and 1,000 grain weight. $NO_3-N$ concentration in infiltration water sample collected at 90 cm of soil depth was increased with increasing application amount of liquid manure. With liquid manure application more than 200% of recommending N fertilizer level, it affected negatively on yield and environment such as groundwater quality.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2020

작황조사시험은 우리나라주요 재배지점에 대해 해당 지역에서 주로 재배되는 품종들을 선정하여 장기적으로 벼의 생육과 수량을 관찰하는 연구이다. 이 연구의 목적은 기상 및 병해충의 변화에 따라 재배방법을 능동적으로 수정하여 대응하기 위한 것이다. 장기적인 자료 축적으로 이를 다양한 분야에서도 활용할 수 있도록 이 시험의 이루어지는 장소와 재배관리, 각 장소에 대응하는 기상관측소, 관찰되는 항목들에 대해 소개하였다. 각 관찰항목은 표준적인 절차에 따라 조사되어 일정한 품질이 유지되고 있으며 이 정보들은 현재 문헌으로 모두 공개되어 있으며 전산자료의 형식으로 획득할 수 있다.