• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2000

The effects of initial sugar concentration and the various nitrogen sources on the fermentation characteristics of Thraustochytrium aureum were investigated. The sugar conversion ratios decrease with increase in the initial sugar concentration regardless of the kinds of nitrogen sources. The specific growth rate, the biomass yield, and the DHA yield also decreased but approached constant values higher than the concentration of 30g/L. The sugar conversion ratios and the specific growth rate showed the highest values in case of using the yeast extract as nitrogen source. It was difficult to conclude that the variation of nitrogen source had some effects on the biomass yield. However, the initial sugar concentration had a rather effects on the biomass yield for the sugar concentration of 40 g/L showed 0.27. The nitrogen source that showed the greatest yield of DHA was sodium glutamate.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.7-11
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• 2018

Salinity is one of the major and increasing problems in irrigated agriculture in Pakistan. Salinity stress negatively affects the growth and yield of plants guar (Cyanoposisa tetragonoloba). This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of ($4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $5dSm^{-1}+25(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $5dSm^{-1}+30(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $10dSm^{-1}+25(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ and $10dSm^{-1}+30(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$) on biomass yield of guar against salinity tolerance. Maximum biomass yield ($54.50gpot^{-1}$) was produced by $4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment. Biomass produce was reduced with the increase of the salts toxicity. Minimum biomass yield ($30.17gpot^{-1}$) was attained under $10dSm^{-1}+30(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$. $5dSm^{-1}+25(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment exhibited improved outcome i.e. the least diminution % over control (18.66). Salinity cum sodicity showed staid effect on the growth reduction from 18.66% to 44.64%. This reduction fissure was impacted by the toxic effect of salinity and sodicity on Guar growth. Salinity- sodicity behaved toxic impact on the growth reduction from 18.66% to 44.64%. Based on the findings, guar (Cyanoposisa tetragonoloba) grows better at $4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment.

• Mycobiology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2013

The effects of the composition of a mixture containing food waste compost (FWC), rice bran (RB), and oak sawdust (SD) on the antler-type fruiting body (FB) yield of Ganoderma lucidum were studied. Experiments were performed using 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% (w/w) FWC added to a basal growth medium consisting of 20% (w/w) RB and 80% (w/w) SD. The content of 15% FWC gave the highest FB yield ($27.0{\pm}1.3$ g/bottle), which was 44% higher than the yield ($18.6{\pm}2.8$ g/bottle) of the control treatment. However, FWC contents of 20~40% showed reduced yield (2.4~23.0 g/bottle), partly because FWC had a high Na concentration (0.6%). These results demonstrate the potential for use of FWC as a component of a growth medium for production of G. lucidum FBs.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 1991

This experiment was conducted to determine optimal sowing date and method of Italian ryegrass(Lo1iuwr wzultiflorum. Tetrone) in paddy of Gyeong Nam area. Treatments given were four sowing dates(Sep. 30, Oct. 10, Oct. 20 and Oct. 30) and four sowing methods (broadcasting on tillage ridging, broadcasting on zerotillage ridging, boundless broadcasting and alternated drilling). The characteristics of growth, winter survival, yield(fresh and dry matter) and nutr~ent quality were observed. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Winter survival and yield components such as plant height, and number of stem were the highest due to higher survival tillers at the sown time of Sep. 30(p<. 05). 2. Plants sown on Sep. 30 showed the highest fresh and dry matter yield. Yield was decreased as delaying the date of sowing. Fresh and dry matter yield sown on Oct. 10, were obtained 7600 and 1100 kg, respectively, aftenvardly sign~ficantly decreased(p< .05). 3. Effect of sowing time and method on chemical composition were not recognized. 4. Winter surviva: sown on boundless-broadcasting was lower(p<. 05) than those of sown on broadcasting on ridging and alternated-drilling. 5. Fresh and dry matter y~elds were the highest when sown on broadcasting on tillage ridging but that of sown on houndless-broadcasting was relatively low. 6. The growth and forage yield were enhanced by sowing up to Oct. 10 and by sown on broadcasting on ridging (tillage or zerotillage).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.397-400
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• 2006

The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of seeding and transplanting date on yield and quality of rapeseed experiment were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal, one of the rapeseed cultivar of different growth characteristics among the six treatments were examined and recorded. Results showed that yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. In this treatment yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest. On the basis of vegetative and yield parameter of direct seeding in Sep. 10 was the best sowing date of rapeseed crop in Chungcheongnam Do region of Korea. Experiments were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal variety, which showed different growth characteristics. Yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. Yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest at the direct seeding in Sep. 10. Judging from the results reported above, seemed to be direct seeding in Sep. 10.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.794-798
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• 2004

An attempt was made to improve the efficiency of growth and lactation performance of dairy heifers subjected to a stair-step growth scheme using rice straw as the sole roughage source. Twenty-four young Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to either control or test group. The control diet met the National Research Council (NRC) requirement, with heifers calving at 24 to 26 mo of age. The test group was individually fed according to a schedule of 3, 2, 4, 2, 5 and 2 mo in which feed intake was alternately 20% below or 25% above the NRC requirements. Heifers on the stair-step growth pattern gained more body weight and consumed less dry matter (10.80 and 11.22%, respectively), resulting an increasing growth efficiency compared with the control. Body condition, first estrus, first conception, services per conception and calving difficulty (data not shown) were not affected. Milk yield of the test group was 8.5% higher than that of the control group. During the early lactation period, the milk yield was significantly higher in the stair-step group than in that of the control group (p<0.05). Milk composition was not affected by compensatory growth induced by the stair-step scheme. Also, weight at calving and calf growth performance was not affected by stair-step growth. The results indicate that using rice straw as a sole roughage source in a stair-step compensatory growth scheme can contribute to the improvement of growth efficiency and early lactation performance.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2017

An experiment was set to assess the effect of mixed plantings on initial growth and biomass yield of two common plantation tree species of Bangladesh namely Acacia auriculiformis (A) and Gmelina arborea (G). Study was carried out in the nursery bed of the Seed Research Laboratory and Nursery of Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Chittagong University (IFESCU), Bangladesh during February to November, 2015. The treatments consisted of two pure planting plots (100% A and 100% G) and five mixed planting plots (50%A: 50%G, 35%A: 65%G, 25%A: 75%G, 65%A: 35%G and 75%A: 25%G) of these two species. In nursery, seedlings were raised in a randomized blocks with four replicates of seven treatment plots. Periodic increments on height (cm), collar diameter (cm) and leaf/phyllode number of the seedlings was taken in every month and continued up to 10 months. The growth and biomass yield of seedlings were measured 10 months after the first seed was emerged. The effects of mixed plantation on growth and biomass were compared to that of seedlings grown in pure plantation. At the age of 10 months it was found that G. arborea seedlings were significantly tallest (240.13 cm) when planted with A. auriculiformis in a proportion of 25%A: 75%G, whereas A. auriculiformis were tallest in the pure 100% A plot, with an average mean height of 135.36 cm. Maximum collar diameter (1.38 cm) was recorded for G. arborea in the mixed plots 75%A: 25%G. Fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of the seedlings were found significantly (p<0.05) highest in 50%A: 50%G plot for G. arborea. G. arborea also showed highest quality index when mixed with A. auriculiformis in a proportion of 50:50, with an average value of 8.96. The results revealed a positive correlation between seedling growth and various planting patterns.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-202
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• 1990

For the maximun yield of the forest trees in the forest management, the growth of annual ring area of the major forest trees was analysed in the four areas in South Korea. The time to the maximum productivity and the optimum cutting time for the maximum yield were estimated. The growth curve of annual ring area showed sigmoid like that of other organisms. Only the growth coefficient among the areas between Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Pinus koraiensis represented significance (5% level). The growth coefficient among forest trees between Pinus densiflora and Abies holophylla, Larix kaempferi and Carpinus laxiflora, Larix kaempferi and Quercus mongolica, Larix kaempferi and Quercus serrata, Larix kaempferi and Pinus koraiensis, and Larix kaempferi and Abies holophylla represented significance (5% level). Among eight forest trees, the time to maximum productivity (tm) of Larix kaempferi was the earliest (21.4 year), and Abies holophylla was the latest (91.9 year). The optimum cutting time for the maximum yield (tc) of L. kaempferi was the earliest (29.4 year) and that of A, holophylla was the latest (122.2 year) of all communities. The optimum cutting time for the maximum yield was 1.33 times as late as the time to the maximum productivity. If the growth of annual ring area as the forest tree for wood is regarded, L. kaempferi and P. densiflora are thought to be more economical than A. holophylla and P. koraiensis.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.231-238
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• 2023

We analyzed the variations in the CO₂ concentration and temperature between a CO₂-enriched and control greenhouse. We cultivated Alstroemeria 'Hanhera' in the two greenhouses and assessed the growth parameters (stem length, stem thickness, and the number of flowers) and yield. The CO₂-enriched greenhouse had a CO₂ generator that produced CO₂ at rate of 0.36 kg/h and its windows were programmed to open when the temperature exceeded 20℃ and close when it dropped below 15℃. The control greenhouse had no additional CO₂ supplementation, and its windows were programmed to open when the temperature exceeded 20℃ and close at approximately 17:00. In the morning, CO₂ concentration remained above 500 ppm in the CO₂-enriched greenhouse, which was higher than that in the control greenhouse (approximately 370 ppm). The ventilation effect only through the side windows to reduce the temperature in both greenhouses did not appear dynamically. CO₂ supplementation promoted plant growth, resulting in a significant increase in plant yield of over 60% compared to that of the control greenhouse. Our findings suggest that elevated CO₂ concentration in the morning can significantly promote the growth and development of Alstroemeria during the winter.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.124-134
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of using softwood as the sawdust medium for Lentinula edodes cultivation, effect of nutrient on the mycelial growth, spawning, the mushroom yield, and quality. The nitrogen nutrition significantly enhanced the mycelial growth of L. edodes. The glutamic acid in the L. leptolepis and P. koraiensis, and asparagine in the P. densiflora were appeared to slight increase in the mycelial growth. The vegetable oil showed very effective on the mycelial growth in the P. koraiensis sawdust medium. Carbon/nitrogen ratio of all the test was reduced after mycelial growth. The mycelial growth was exclusively dependent on reduction of carbon. The mushroom yield (32.7%) of the P. densiflora sawdust medium (carbon source: 3% active carbon, nitrogen source: 0.4% asparagines) was the best in mushroom production of L. edodes, followed by the Q. variabilis sawdust (35.4%) of the control medium. The diameter of mushroom cap was obtained from the P. densiflora sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate) and P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate), and the P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% xylose, nitrogen source: 0.4% glutamic acid, supplement: 0.05% amino acid), with values 71.5 mm, 71.5 mm and 72.1 mm, respectively. In the polypropylene bag cultivation, the weight losses of the block medium gradually increased for 80 days in the dark (13.8~16.8%) and then became stable in the range of 20.7~25.8%.