• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1999.12a
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• pp.123-158
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• 1999

This study examines the differences in the various characteristics of the firms along their growth stage based on the survey data of 2,515 Korean ventures. Venture characteristics include KSFs(Key Success Factors), environment attributes of their product markets, CEO roles, the use of OPR(Other Peoples Resource). Growth stage of the ventures are classified by their dominant management problems: foundation, the market launch of the first proprietary product or service, The Outset of second generation product or service, and the Initial Public Offering (IPO) and stabilization. The results of this study show substantial differences in many aspects among firms at different growth stages. Although common KSFs exist, KSFs are changing as the venture evolves. Differences in KSFs and environmental attributes along growth stage require CEO to do different role in business process. Different kinds and amounts of external resources are needed according to their growth stage. However, almost all of external resources are offered to ventures in later stage. Entrepreneurs need to change their role, as their firms grow, from visioning and strategic role to marketing and production emphasized role. Based on the results, this study suggests a number of new government policies and future research ideas. Other implications and limitations of this study are also noted.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

Due to the accelerated global warming phenomenon after industrialization, the frequency of changes in the existing environment and abnormal climate is increasing. Agriculture is an industry that is very sensitive to climate change, and global warming causes problems such as reducing crop yields and changing growing regions. In addition, environmental changes make the growth period of crops irregular, making it difficult for even experienced farmers to easily estimate the growth stage of crops, thereby causing various problems. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a CNN model for estimating the growth stage of crops. The proposed model was a model that modified the pooling layer of ResNet, and confirmed the accuracy of higher performance than the growth stage estimation of the ResNet and DenseNet models.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.210-214
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• 2010

Selection of fungal strains with high virulence against the developmental stages of Bemisia tabaci was performed using internal transcribed spacer regions. The growth rate of hyphae was measured and bioassay of each developmental stage of B. tabaci was conducted for seven days. All of the fungal strains tested were identified as Lecanicillium spp., with strain 4078 showing the fastest mycelium growth rate (colony diameter, 16.3 $\pm$ 0.9 mm) among the strains. Compared to strain 4075, which showed the slowest growth rate, the growth rate of strain 4078 was increased almost 2-fold after seven days. Strains 4078 and Btab01 were most virulent against the egg and larva stages, respectively. The virulence of fungal strains against the adult stage was high, except for strains 41185 and 3387. Based on the growth rate of mycelium and level of virulence, strains 4078 and Btab01 were selected as the best fungal strains for application to B. tabaci, regardless of developmental stage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1998

Seedling establishment of soybean [Glycine mar (L.) Mer-rill] is an important factor for soybean production in the field. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of chemical composition in the emerging organs during seedling development in soybeans. Three soybean cultivars (Hill, Paldalkong, and Jangyeobkong) were planted at the Research Farm of College of Natural Resources, Korea University, on May 26, June 5, and June 14. Protein, oil, sugar, and starch contents were measured in each organ at each developing stage. Mean dry weight of three soybean cultivars decreased until VE stage and increased after this stage. Protein content of whole seedling did not change significantly during the seedling growth stage, but the amount in cotyledons markedly decreased with each growth stage increment. About 88% of the cotyledon protein was translocated to the other parts of the seedling at the V2 stage. Oil content of cotyledons sharply decreased until the V1 stage. Sugar content of the seedling was not detected at VE stage and starch content of seedlings increased slightly at VE and VC stages. For the changes of each metabolic component, the amount for whole plants decreased until the V1 stage and started to increase after this stage. The results of this study provide evidence for the breakdown of carbohydrates and oil at the initial stage of seedling growth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2017

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to characterize the mRNA expression profile of type IIb sodium-inorganic phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-IIb) and the biochemical values of serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP), calcium, inorganic phosphorus, tibial ash and minerals of broiler chickens with aging. Methods: A total of 56 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chickens were used. Broiler chickens were weighed and samples were collected weekly from day 1. Results: The result showed that before the growth inflection point, ash, calcium, and phosphorus content in the tibia of broiler chickens increased with growth (before 3 weeks of age), although there were no significant differences in chicks at different ages in the later period of the experiment and weight gain rate was relatively slow at this stage (4 to 6 weeks). NaPi-IIb gene expression in the small intestine in the early growth stage was higher than that in the later growth stage. Expression of calbindin and the vitamin D receptor protein in the intestinal mucosa increased with age in the duodenum and jejunum. Serum AKP activity first increased and subsequently decreased after peaking at 1 week of age, but there was no significant difference after 3 weeks of age. Conclusion: These results show that compared with the early growth stage, the weight-gain rate of broiler chickens in the late growth stage gradually decreased with gradual tibia maturation, along with weaker positive transport of phosphorus in the intestine and reinforced re-absorption of phosphorus in the kidney, which might be the reason that phosphorus requirement in the late growth stage was decreased.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2009

In this study, we investigated the effects of the number of air exchanges (NAE) on shape fruit body in two oyster mushrooms, Chunchu 2# and Suhan 2#. The suitable NAEs of Chunchu 2# were $1/10h^{-1}$ at primordial induction, $1/6h^{-1}$ at early stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at middle stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at late stage of growth and those of Suhan 2# were $1/6h^{-1}$ at primordial induction, $1/6h^{-1}$ at early stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at middle stage of growth, and $1/2h^{-1}$ at late stage of growth. In those conditions, the fruit bodies grew well. $CO_2$ concentration hardly affected the primordial formation of both mushrooms. However there were ventilation disturbances over 1500ppm. For instance, the end of pileus rolled up etc. As a result, Suhan 2# required higher ventilation compared with Chunchu 2# and the lower NAE was favorable for growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 1983

Varietal difference of crop stand, growth of each organs and the factors of dry matter Production at different growth stage of three local tobacco varieties (Hyangcho, Youngwolyub and Yonginyub) were investigated in 1979 and 1980. Varietal variation of total standing crops was clear from 45th day after transplanting to end maximum value of photosyntheticinon-photosynthetic organs was Hyangcho: 1.9, Youngwolyub; 1.6, Yonginyub; 2.3. Maximum value of L/S and T/R ratio was clear from 35th day after transplanting to 45th day. RGR, NAR and CGR were in decreasing order of Yonginyub) Youngwolyub)Hyangcho through out growth stage, LAR and SLA were in decreasing from early growth stage to last growth stage, LAI was obtained to maximum value in the large growth state and LAI was increasing order of during the total growth period that it was Hyangcho is 7.6. Youngwolyub is 9.1 and Yonginyub is 8.7, SLA was Hyangcho;$2.088\textrm{cm}^2$/g/leaf, Youngwclyub;$2.173\textrm{cm}^2$/g/leaf and Yonginyub;$2.020\textrm{cm}^2$/g/leaf, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 1983

The purpose of this experiment was to find out fundamental data for the cultivation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. Leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were investigated with 3-levels of nitrogen application,15, 25, 35kg per 10a during the period of initial growth from the 8th leaf emergence to the late blooming stage. The results obtained were as follows: Leaf emergence increased as growth progressed and in the same pattern at all N-levels. After the heading stage, the value was 15 at all N-levels. Leaf area index (LAI) increased as growth progressed and rapidly till the booting stage. At 15kg N-level the values were larger till the ear formation stage, and at 35tg N-level the values were larger than other N-levels after the booting stage. At the late blooming stage LAI reached 8.13 at 35kg N-level. The value of dry matter accumulation was the highest at 35kg N-level at the late blooming stage, and as was the same in the value of crop growth rate (CGR). There was a tendency that before the booting stage the enlargement of leaf area contributed to dry matter accumulation and after the booting stage did the increase of net assimilation rate (NAR) .

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2215-2224
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• 2013

This study performed empirical analysis to estimate SMEs needs in terms of business support policy by growth stages(start-up growth expansion). The subject is the SMEs in Cheonan and Asan, ChungNam and the results are as follows. First, In the initial start-up stage, management plays a key role in dealing with money, labor force, markets and technology while running the organization is a key role of the management in the expansion stage. Major policies to help SMEs grow includes money provision needed in the start-up stage, domestic marketing assistance and the provision of human resources in the growth stage, and assistance in foreign marketing and R&D in the expansion stage. Second, To achieve markets businesses aim at entering the existing and niche markets in the initial phase, and creating new markets in the growth phase. Third, Labor force for technology, sales and management planning in the start-up stage, marketing in the growth stage, and labor force for production in the expansion stage are core man- power needed. Fourth, Money for technology development, securing land for factories, organizing man power, securing markets and running the company is needed in the initial and growth stages while fund for facility investment is needed to grow in the expansion stage. Five, Regarding technology, the initial stage needs technology related to new product development, renewing existing products, improving the existing manufacturing process or developing new manufacturing process, while the growth stage needs processing techniques, and the expansion stage needs technology for developing new manufacturing process. Sixth, Making supply contracts with conglomerates, SMEs and public institutions, and sales to foreign markets are ways for SMEs to grow sales. Seventh, What SMEs wish to get includes business incubating support, R&D assistance, information exchanges, practical use of the R&D results, merchandising support, help with the land to build factories and custom-made support for management in the foundation stage while the support they want to get in the growth stage and in the expansion stage is training assistance and trial production respectively.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the interaction between productivity and light condition and to analyze the material productivity and productive charactaristics under different hours of light in Zoysia japonica. 1. Rate increasement of leaf number and total leaf length was remarkably high at the early growth stage in the control and 9 hour light treatment. The rate gradually decreased as growth proceeded. But 3 hour treatment was very low in the rate from its early growth stage through the whole test period. 2. The increasing rate of leaf area ratio (LAR) in all the experimental plots was remarkably high at the early growth stage after transplanting the grass. The shorter photoperiod resulted remarkable lower increasement of LAR. 3. The rhizome growth rate of the 9 hour photoperiod was high contrast to the 3 hour photoperiod treatment. The increasing rate of node number was also showed similar trend. 4. Chlorophyll content was very high at the 36 days after transplanting and then decreased gradually. Chlorophyll content on 3 hours photoperiod plot severely decreased. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b was decreased significantly at short day treatment. 5. The content of soluble sugar was increased at shorter photoperiod. The highest ratio of sugar content was on August, 28 by HPLC method. Such a result was attributed to accumulation of sugar in spite of low synthesis of ploysacchrides, translocation by low consumption. 6. The increasing rate of standings in all light treatment was high at the early growth stage after transplanting. Short photoperiod treatment by 3hour showed especially low prganic productivity on Zoysia japonica.