• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.37-47
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• 2022

The need for smart city is emerging all over the world to solve these urban problems such as urban resource and infrastructure shortage, traffic congestion, energy problems and to preemptively respond to the fourth industrial revolution. The analysis that the security of smart city technology is dangerous is dominant all over the world. In this paper, we analyze the technology, security threats and responses of smart city, which are the main security issues of smart city, limited to smart grid, smart building, and smart traffic. In the future, the analysis of various technologies of smart city construction and the research on cyber security are actively progressing, and this paper is expected to be the beginning of the solution plan.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.173-184
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• 2004

E-Government security is crucial to the development of e-government. Due to the complexity and characteristics of e-government security, the viable current approaches for security focus on preventing the network intrusion or misusing in advanced and seldom concern of the forensics data attaining for the investigation after the network attack or fraud. We discuss the method for resolving the problem of the e-government security from the different side of view - network forensics approaches? from the thinking of the active protection or defense for the e-government security, which can also improve the ability of emergence response and incident investigation for e-government security.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.319-328
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• 2013

Considerable number of major countries have put great efforts to leverage the efficiency of power consumption using Smart Grid in order to resolve the critical issues with drastical growing demands regarding electricity, the crisis of environmental pollution and so on. There has been increasing number of researches to construct Smart Grid in Korea as well. The threats of cyber terror attacks which might cause national crisises in terms of economy and society have been climbing up because of the fact that Smart Grid employs bi-directional communications embedding the cyber threats from existing/legacy communication networks. Consequently, it is required to build concrete response processes including investigation and analysis on cyber breaches into Smart Grid. However, the digital evidence acquisition techniques do not suffice to be deployed in Smart Grid systems despite of the fact that the techniques, against cyber breaches into well-known networks, have been studied in plenty of time. This work proposes a novel digital evidence acquisition scheme appropriate to Smart Grid systems through intensive investigation of the evidence acquisition requirements in Smart Grid and the historical evidence acquisition methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.415-423
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• 2016

Smart grid systems can be real-time information exchange between suppliers and consumers, and provides a lot of convenience. However, the risk to the user's personal information exposure is ever-present. Depending on the characteristic of the smart grid environment, there is a threat of the disclosure of personal information based on the personal information life-cycle, and can also be exposed a variety of information based on energy consumption pattern analysis. In this paper, we analyze the existing privacy act in the smart grid and propose improvements for the existing directive.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.685-692
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• 2019

Smart grid enables efficient power management by allowing real-time awareness of electricity flows through two-way communication. Despite its various advantages, threats to user privacy caused by frequent meter reading hinder prosperous deployment of smart grid. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving aggregation method exploiting fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). Specifically, it achieves privacy-preserving fine-grained aggregation of electricity usage for smart grid customers in multiple electrical source environments, while further enhancing efficiency through SIMD-style operations simultaneously. Analysis of our scheme demonstrates the suitability in next-generation smart grid environment where the customers select and use a variety of power sources and systematic metering and control are enabled.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

In order to overcome the power fluctuation issues in photovoltaic (PV) smart grid-connected systems and the inverter nonlinearity model problem, an adaptive backstepping command-filter and a double second order generalized Integrators (DSOGI) controller are designed in order to tune the AC current and the DC-link voltage from the DC side. Firstly, we propose to present the filter mathematical model throughout the PV system, at that juncture the backstepping control law is applied in order to control it, Moreover the command filter is bounded to the controller aiming to exclude the backstepping controller differential increase. Additionally, The adaptive law uses Lyapunov stability criterion. Its task is to estimate the uncertain parameters in the smart grid-connected inverter. A DSOGI is added to stabilize the grid currents and eliminate undesirable harmonics meanwhile feeding maximum power generated from PV to the point of common coupling (PCC). Then, guaranteeing a dynamic effective response even under very unbalanced loads and/or intermittent climate changes. Finally, the simulation results will be established using MATLAB/SIMULINK proving that the presented approach can control surely the smart grid-connected system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.425-433
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• 2016

In smart grid, enhancement of efficiency and interoperability of electric power system is achieved through the connection with outer network, and this induces that power grid system is threatened increasingly, becomes the main target of cyber terrorism, and is sincerely required to design the secure power system. Although SSDLC(Secure System Development Life Cycle) is used for risk management from the design phase, traditional development life cycle is somewhat limited for satisfaction of information security indicator of power control system. Despite that power control system should reflect control entities of information security considering its own characteristics, validation elements are insufficient to apply into real tasks based on existing compliance. To make design of diagnostic model and assessment process for power control system possible and to give a direction for information security and present related indicator, we propose the new risk management framework of power control system which is applied operational security controls and standard architecture presented by IEC 62351 TC 57 with enterprise risk management framework.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.1485-1490
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• 2013

The demonstration project of the electrical grid for Smart grid is progressed, the smart digital appliances AV technology, Smart home energy management technology charging the management function of complex energy for the automation management of air conditioning and heating, humidity and air, the health care technology charging the design of housing for the elderly and disabled and the measurement of individual bio information, and the Smart home security technology dealing with the biometric security and motion sensors, etc. have been studied. The power monitoring terminal which uses a variety of wired and wireless networks and protocol is the target additionally to be considered in addition to the security vulnerabilities that was occurred in the existing terminal. In this research paper, the author analyzes the cryptographic techniques corresponding to the smart meter occurred by the problems that are exposed on the outside which are vulnerable to physical attacks, and intends to propose the design of the security systems for the Smart meter terminal being able to maximize the efficiency of the terminal.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Large distributed systems such as computational and data grids require that a substantial amount of monitoring data be collected for various tasks such as fault detection, performance analysis, performance tuning, performance prediction, security analysis and scheduling. to cope with this problem, they are needed network monitoring architecture which can collect various network characteristic and analyze network security state. In this paper, we suggest network performance and security analysis system based on network monitoring. The System suggest that users can see distance network state with tuning network parameters.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1493-1515
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• 2015

A smart meter is one of the core components in Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) that is responsible for providing effective control and monitor of electrical energy consumptions. The multifunction tasks that a smart meter carries out such as facilitating two-way communication between utility providers and consumers, managing metering data, delivering anomalies reports, analyzing fault and power quality, simply show that there are huge amount of data exchange in smart metering networks (SMNs). These data are prone to security threats due to high dependability of SMNs on Internet-based communication, which is highly insecure. Therefore, there is a need to identify all possible security threats over this network and propose suitable countermeasures for securing the communication between smart meters and utility provider office. This paper studies the architecture of the smart grid communication networks, focuses on smart metering networks and discusses how such networks can be vulnerable to security attacks. This paper also presents current mechanisms that have been used to secure the smart metering networks from specific type of attacks in SMNs. Moreover, we highlight several open issues related to the security and privacy of SMNs which we anticipate could serve as baseline for future research directions.