• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.16-41
• /
• 2020

실제 공간의 분포 또는 양적 속성을 대변하는 지리정보 입력은 지구시스템 모의 내에서 주요 관심사가 되고 있다. 많은 연구에서 다양한 격자 해상도에서의 지표면 특성에 대한 부정확한 추정이 모델링 결과를 크게 바꾸는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 이 논문은 도시지역 건물들의 분포와 면적·체적 속성을 반영하기 위해서, 항공라이다로 수집된 3DPC(three-dimensional point cloud) 샘플링 체계에 Monte Carlo Integration(MCI) 기법 기반 공간확률(spatial probability)을 적용을 제안하였다. 건물 식별과 관련해 공간확률(SP) 임계치, 격자 크기, 3차원점군 밀도 세 인자의 결정규칙 적용 결과가 비교되었다. 연구 결과, 건물의 격자가 커짐에 따라 식별되는 건물의 면적 속성이 증가하였다. 공간 모델링 및 분석의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해서는 샘플링 체계에서의 결정규칙을 사용하여 건물의 면적 속성을 조정하는 것이 권장된다. 제안된 방법은 모델링 분야가 요구하는 크고 작은 격자의 변화에서도 일정하게 건물 면적 속성이 유지되도록 지원할 것이다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1551-1564
• /
• 2016

The high penetration level of inverter-based distributed generation (DG) power plants is challenging the low-voltage ride-through requirements, especially under unbalanced voltage sags. Recently, a flexible injection of both positive- (PS) and negative-sequence (NS) reactive currents has been suggested for the next generation of grid codes. This can enhance the ancillary services for voltage support at the point of common coupling (PCC). In light of this, considering distant grid faults that occur in a mainly inductive grid, this paper proposes a complete voltage support control scheme for the interface inverters of medium or high-rated DG power plants. The first contribution is the development of a reactive current reference generator combining PS and NS, with a feature to increase the PS voltage and simultaneously decrease the NS voltage, to mitigate voltage imbalance. The second contribution is the design of a voltage support control loop with two flexible PCC voltage set points, which can ensure continuous operation within the limits required in grid codes. In addition, a current saturation strategy is also considered for deep voltage sags to avoid overcurrent protection. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 2016

Earthquake event keeps increasing every year, and the recent cases of earthquake hazards invoke the necessity of seismic study in Korea, as geotechnical earthquake hazards, such as strong ground motion, liquefaction and landslides, are a significant threat to structures in industrial hub areas including coastal facilities. In this study, systemized framework of integrated assessment of earthquake-induced geotechnical hazard was established using advanced geospatial database. And a visible simulation of the framework was specifically conducted at two coastal facility areas in Incheon. First, the geospatial-grid information in the 3D domain were constructed with geostatistical interpolation method composed of multiple geospatial coverage mapping and 3D integration of geo-layer construction considering spatial outliers and geotechnical uncertainty. Second, the behavior of site-specific seismic responses were assessed by incorporating the depth to bedrock, mean shear wave velocity of the upper 30 m, and characteristic site period based on the geospatial-grid. Third, the normalized correlations between rock-outcrop accelerations and the maximum accelerations of each grid were determined considering the site-specific seismic response characteristics. Fourth, the potential damage due to liquefaction was estimated by combining the geospatial-grid and accelerations correlation grid based on the simplified liquefaction potential index evaluation method.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2002년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2002

The supersonic flow around multi-stage rocket system is analyzed using 3-D compressible unsteady flow solver. A Chimera overset grid technique is used for the calculation of present configuration and grid around the core rocket is composed of 3 zones to represent fins in the core rocket. Flow solver is parallelized to reduce the computation time, and an efficient parallelization algorithm for Chimera grid technique is proposed. AUSMPW+ scheme is used for the spatial discretization and LU-SGS for the time integration. The flow field around multi-stage rocket was analyzed using this developed solver, and the results were compared with that of a sequential solver The speed-up ratio and the efficiency were measured in several processors. As a result, the computing speed with 12 processors was about 10 times faster than that of a sequential solver. Developed flow solver is used to predict the trajectory of booster in separation stage. From the analyses, booster collides against core rocket in free separation case. So, additional jettisoning forces and moments needed for a safe separation are examined.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.901-908
• /
• 2011

그리드 시스템의 SKY@Home에 적용된 통합 보안 모듈은 보안 기술을 좀 더 보완함으로써 그리드 시스템에 최적화된 보안모듈을 개발함으로써 보안성을 향상시켰다. 그러나, 현재 구현된 통합 보안 모듈은 Firewall, IDS, 바이러스 등을 제공하는 통합 모듈이지만 생성된 로그분석이나 룰 편집이 수작업으로 이루어져 관리자의 역할이 중요하게 작용된다. 따라서 관리자의 작업 처리가 원활하게 이루어지지 않을 경우 자원제공 PC들은 최신의 자료를 업데이트하기가 어렵다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 자료를 자동 갱신 하는 방법을 개선할 필요가 있다. 제안모델의 안전한 그리드 응용을 위한 정책기반 시스템의 자원제공 PC는 통합 보안 모듈을 적용함으로써 외부의 침입으로부터 클라이언트가 손쉽게 보안 기술을 활용하여 대처할 수 있다. 또한 자원제공 PC에서 사용되는 통합 보안 모듈은 추가적인 장비의 구입, 설치, 추가 비용이 없으므로 구현 비용이 현재 사용되는 보안 기술보다 적게 소요된다. 기존 제안방식에서 제공되는 다양한 기법으로 인한 시스템 자원 낭비를 줄이고자 그리드시스템에 최적화되도록 제안 시스템을 자원제공 PC에 적용함으로써 유효자원이 기존 방식보다 최대 20% 증가할 수 있어 침입탐지 및 예방, 바이러스 치료등의 절차에 따라 악의적 공격을 대처하는 동시에 시스템의 가용성, 신뢰성, 무결성 및 기밀성이 전체적으로 향상됨을 보였다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.585-595
• /
• 2020

Integration of multiple communication technologies in a smart grid (SG) enables employing cognitive radio (CR) technology for improving reliability and security with low latency by adaptively and effectively allocating spectral resources. The versatile features of the CR enable the smart meter to select either the unlicensed or the licensed band for transmitting data to the utility company, thus reducing communication outage. Demand response management is regarded as the control unit of the SG that balances the load by regulating the real-time price that benefits both the utility company and consumers. In this study, joint allocation of the transmission power to the smart meter and consumer's demand is formulated as a two stage multi-armed bandit game in which the players select their optimal strategies noncooperatively without having any prior information about the media. Furthermore, based on historical rewards of the player, a real-time pricing adaptation method is proposed. The latter is validated through numerical results.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2008

The high-order numerical method based on the adaptive mesh refinement(AMR) on the quadrilateral unstructured grids has been developed in this paper. This adaptive-grid method, originally developed with MUSCL-TVD scheme, is now extended to the WENO (weighted essentially no-oscillatory) scheme with the Runge-Kutta time integration of fifth order in spatial and temporal accuracy. The multidimensional interpolation was studied in the preliminary research, which allows us to maintain the same order of accuracy for the computation of numerical flux between two adjacent cells of different levels. Some standard benchmark tests are done to validate this method for checking the overall capacity and efficiency of the present adaptive-grid technique.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제19권8호
• /
• pp.1982-1988
• /
• 1995

Methane/Air premixed flames are studied numerically, using a detailed chemical model, to investigate the flame strech effects on the extinction in a counterflow. The finite difference method, time integration and modified Newton iteration are used, and adaptive grid technique and grid smoothing have been employed to adjust the grid system according to the spatial steepness of the solution profiles. Results show that the flame stretch, or the conventional nondimensionalized stretch having the tangential flow characteristics of the stretched flame alone cannot adequately describes the extinction phenomena. On the other hand, the local flame stretch having both the normal and tangential flow characteristics of the stretched flame can give a proper explanation to the extinction of the symmetric planar premixed flames stabilized in a counter flow. The extinction condition were found to be a constant local stretch regardless of the equivalence ratio.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.302-309
• /
• 2002

This paper presents a technique for localization of a mobile robot using sonar sensors. Localization is the continual provision of knowledges of position that are deduced from its a priori position estimation. The environment of a robot is modeled by a two-dimensional grid map. We define a physically based sonar sensor model and employ an extended Kalman filter to estimate positions of the robot. Since the approach does not rely on an exact geometric model of an object, it is very simple and offers sufficient generality such that integration with concurrent mapping and localizing can be achieved without major modifications. The performance and simplicity of the approach are demonstrated with the results produced by sets of experiments using a mobile robot equipped with sonar sensors.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.279-294
• /
• 2013

We are interested in an adaptive grid method for hyperbolic equations. A multiresolution analysis, based on a biorthogonal family of interpolating scaling functions and lifted interpolating wavelets, is used to dynamically adapt grid points according to the physical field profile in each time step. Traditional finite-difference schemes with fixed stencils produce high oscillations around sharp discontinuities. In this paper, we hybridize high-resolution schemes, which are suitable for capturing singularities, and apply a finite-difference approach to the scaling functions at non-singular points. We use a total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta method for the time integration. The computational cost is proportional to the number of points present after compression. We provide several numerical examples to verify our approach.