• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.220-224
• /
• 2001

약용작물은 재배 환경이나 재배 년수, 생육 시기, 부위별로 약리성분 함량에 차이가 많은데, 본 연구에서 해독, 소종, 소변불리, 간염, 황달 등의 치료에 효과가 있는 삼백초를 퇴비시용량과 재배방법을 달리하여 생육상황, 수량 및 유효성분 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 삼백초는 퇴비 시용량이 증가할수록 지상부 생체수량이 높았으며, 유효성분으로 quercetin, quercitrin 및 tannin 함량을 분석한 결과 퇴비 2,000kg/10a 처리시 가장 높았다. 예취 회수별 지상부 수량은 년 1회와 2회 수확간 차이가 없었으며, 유효성분 함량은 년 2회 수확하였을 때 7월 16일에 비해 10월 16일 수확시 함량이 높았다. 재배방법별로는 노지재배시 하우스재배에 비해 지상부 생체수량은 낮았지만 quercetin, quercitrin 및 tannin 함량은 높았다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.277-281
• /
• 2001

자생 왕포아풀 (Poa pratensis L.)의 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 식물체 재분화 조건을 규명하였다. 도입된 다섯 품종과 국내에서 수집한 네 가지 생태형의 미성숙 화서와 완숙종자를 sucrose 30 g/L, Phytagel 3 g/L와 2,4-D 1 mg/L가 함유된 MS배지에 치상하여 24$^{\circ}C$로 조절된 항온실에서 배양하면서 캘러스를 유도하였다. 대부분의 배양에서 캘러스가 형성되었으나 배발생 캘러스는 완숙종자를 절편체로 썼을 때보다 미숙화서에서, 온실에서 재배되어 형성된 화서보다는 자연 재배조건에서 형성된 화서에서 배발생 캘러스의 유도율이 높았다. 배발생 캘러스는 85~98%의 효율로 높게 유도되었으며 계대배양 및 액체 진탕배양을 통해 6개월 이상 장기 증식되었으며, 생장조절제가 함유되지 않은 MS 재분화 배지에 이식하면 다수의 식물체로 재분화되었다. 재분화 식물들은 온실재배에서도 정상적으로 생장을 하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.382-389
• /
• 2011

BACKGROUND: Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with lower electric cost and the specific wavelength have been considering as a novel light source for plant production in greenhouse conditions as well as in a closed culture system. Supplementary lighting for day-length extension was considered as light intensity, light quality, and/or photoperiod control on plant growth and development. Effects of supplementary blue or red LED radiation with lower light intensity on growth of Ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum Mill., cv. Blue Field), African marigold (Tagetes erecta L., cv. Orange Boy), and Salvia (Salvia splendens F. Sello ex Ruem & Schult., cv. Red Vista) were discussed during sunrise and sunset twilight in the experiment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Supplementary lighting by blue and red LEDs for 30 (Treatment B30; R30) or 60 (Treatment B60; R60) min. per day were established in greenhouse conditions. Photosynthetic photon flux for supplementary radiation was kept at $15{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ on the culture bed. Natural condition without supplementary light was considered as a control. The highest shoot and root dry weights were shown in African marigold exposed by red light for 60 min. per day. Supplementary blue and red lighting regardless of the radiation time significantly stimulated development of lateral branches in African marigold. Stem growth in Ageratum and Salvia seedlings was significantly promoted by red radiation as well as natural light. CONCLUSIONS: Extending of the radiation time at sunrise and sunset twilight using LEDs stimulated reproductive growth of flowering plant species. Different characteristics on growth under supplementary blue or red lighting conditions were also observed in the seedlings during supplementary radiation.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2017

인공광 스마트온실(식물공장) 조건에서 작물의 생장은 주로 외부 환경조건의 변화와 상관없이 형광등이나 특정 파장역의 발광다이오드와 같은 인공광원에 의해 좌우된다. 본 실험에서는 형광등 및 발광다이오드를 활용한 광질 및 광강도 제어가 케일 실생묘의 생장 및 물질합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 잎이 3~4매 전개한 케일 실생묘는 광강도를 50 및 $100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$로 제어한 형광등 (FLL 및 FLH구), 적색 LEDs (RL 및 RH 구), 청색+백색 LEDs (BWL 및 BWH구) 및 청색+적색 LEDs (BRL 및 BRH구) 등 단일 및 혼합광질로 제어하였으며 50일간 담액방식으로 수경재배하였다. 케일 지상부 생체중은 광강도 $100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$의 적색, 청색+ 백색 및 청색+적색의 혼합광 조사구에서 유의하게 증가하였으며, 신초신장은 광강도가 높은 처리구에서 억제되었고 잎내 폴리페놀 함량은 증가하였다. 당합성은 광강도 $50{\mu}mol/m^2/s$에 비해 $100{\mu}mol/m^2/s$ 조건의 적색광질에 의해 2배이상 증가하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 인공광 스마트온실 조건에서 특정 파장역의 광질 및 광강도를 제어하면서 작물을 수경재배하는 것은 노지나 온실에서 토경재배하는 관행적 재배방식에 비해 작업효율성을 높이면서 잎의 생장 및 물질합성을 촉진할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 금후, 인공광 스마트온실에서 특정 파장역의 LEDs를 인공광원으로 할 때 작물생장을 최대로 유지할 수 있는 적정 광강도에 대한 연구를 수행할 계획이다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.253-259
• /
• 2013

지중관비를 이용한 시설오이 재배에서 돈분 액비의 공급이 오이의 생육, 수량 및 토양 중 질소 분포에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 오이 반촉성 및 억제작형에 걸쳐서 수행하였다. 초장과 마디수 등 오이의 생육은 정식 후 50일에서는 처리간의 차이는 보이지 않았지만 정식 후 85일에서는 무시비의 초장 및 마디수가 각각 388.8 cm와 40.1 ea $plant^{-1}$를 보여 생육량의 차이를 나타내었다. 오이의 수량에서도 무시비를 제외하고 액비 1.0N 및 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N처리와 요소 1.0N간에는 통계적으로 차이가 없이 동일하였다. 오이 재배기간에 토양 중 질산태질소의 분포는 관비의 영향으로 지중 15~30 cm 깊이에서 무시비구를 제외하고 질산태 질소의 농도가 가장 높았으며 오이 재배가 끝난 작기 후에는 0~15 cm 깊이에서 가장 높은 질소 양분량을 나타내었다. 액비 1.0N과 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N의 질소이용효율은 촉성작형에서 0.34와 0.37를 억제작형에서는 0.29와 0.26를 각각 보여 요소 1.0N의 0.32와 0.21과 비교하여 약간 높은 값을 나타내었다. 액비 1.0N과 액비 0.5N + 요소 0.5N는 요소 1.0N과 동일한 수량을 만족하지만 2기작에 걸친 액비 1.0N 처리는 칼륨이 176 kg $ha^{-1}$이 추가적으로 토양에 공급되므로 장기간에 걸친 액비의 시용 시에는 칼륨이 과잉으로 집적될 수 있다. 따라서 지중관비를 이용한 시설오이 재배에서 질소 추천량에 대해서 반량은 액비로 공급하고 나머지 반량에 있어서는 화학비료로 시비하는 방법이 추천된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2007

To overcome the problem of the yield reduction due to the viral satellite mediated protection, a culture mix of three nitrogen-fixing bacteria species of the genus Azospirillum (A. brasilienses N040, A. brasilienses SP7, and A. lipoferum MRB16), and one strain of cyanobacteria (Anabena oryzae Fritsch) were utilized as biofertilizer mixture in both greenhouse and field experiments. When protected plants were treated with biofertilizer mixtures, the fruit yield of biofertilized plants increased by 48% and 40% in a greenhouse and field experiment, respectively, compared to untreated plants inoculated with the protective viral strain alone. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of total nucleic acid (TNA) extracts revealed that biofertilization did not affect the accumulation of the viral satellite RNA (CARNA 5) that is required for plant protection against other destructive viral strains of CMV. The yield increment was a good compensation for the yield loss caused by the use of the protective viral strain associated with CARNA 5.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.156-163
• /
• 2011

Antifungal activity of three Myxococcus spp., KYC 1126, 1136, and 2001, was tested in vitro against three phytopathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, and Pyricularia grisea). Spore germination and mycelial growth of the three pathogenic fungi were completely inhibited by bioactive substances from a myxobacterium KYC 1126. In addition, the activity of KYC 1126 was fungicidal, but liquid culture filtrate of KYC 1126 did not affect protoplast reversion in C. acutatum. A bioassay of KYC 1126 filtrate against anthracnose in hot pepper was conducted in the greenhouse and field at 2009 and 2010. The incidence of anthracnose in control seedlings was 74%, but was reduced to 29% after KYC 1126 treatment. The control value with KYC 1126 was 60% while that with the fungicide dithianon was 42%. In the greenhouse, disease incidence with KYC 1126 was consistentely 10-35% lower than with fungicide as a positive control. The control value with KYC 1126 was 13.4% and 41.0%, whereas that with the fungicide was 52.3% and 63% in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Although anti-anthracnose activity of KYC 1126 was not maintained for long time in the field, the bacteriolytic myxobacterium KYC 1126 could be a prospective biocontrol agent.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.596-606
• /
• 2021

Soil-borne diseases are the major problems in mono cropping. A mixture (designated LTM-m) composed of agricultural wastes and a beneficial microorganism Streptomyces saraceticus SS31 was used as soil amendments to evaluate its efficacy for managing Rhizoctonia solani and root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that SS31 spore suspensions and culture broths effectively suppressed the growth of R. solani, reduced nematode egg hatching, and increased juvenile mortality. Assays using two Petri dishes revealed that LTM-m produced volatile compounds to inhibit the growth of R. solani and cause mortality to the root knot nematode eggs and juveniles. Pot and greenhouse tests showed that application of 0.08% LTM-m could achieve a great reduction of both diseases and significantly increase plant fresh weight. Greenhouse trials revealed that application of LTM-m could change soil properties, including soil pH value, electric conductivity, and soil organic matter. Our results indicate that application of LTM-m bio-organic amendments could effectively manage soil-borne pathogens.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2009

Biological control activity of Acremonium strictum BCP, a mycoparasite on Botrytis cinerea, was examined against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. The spore suspension of strain BCP showed strong control activities against five plant diseases except against wheat leaf rust. On the other hand, the culture filtrate of A. strictum BCP was effective in controlling only cucumber gray mold and barley powdery mildew. Further in vivo biocontrol activities of A. strictum BCP against tomato gray mold were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Control efficacy of the fungus on tomato gray mold increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of more than $1{\times}10^6$ spores/ml significantly controlled the disease both in tomato seedlings and in adult plants. The high disease control activity was obtained from protective application of the strain BCP, whereas the curative application did not control the disease. Foliar infections of B. cinerea were controlled with $1{\times}10^8$ spores/ml of A. strictum BCP applied up to 7 days before inoculation. In a commercial greenhouse, application of A. strictum BCP exhibited the similar control efficacy with fungicide procymidone (recommended rate, $500{\mu}g/ml$) against strawberry gray mold. These results indicate that A. strictum BCP could be developed as a biofungicide for Botrytis diseases under greenhouse conditions.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2010

An efficient plant regeneration system has been developed for figleaf gourd (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouch$\'{e}$), which is exclusively used as a rootstock for cucumber. The protocol is based on results obtained from a series of culture experiments involving different parts of the cotyledons and various media. The culture of cotyledon explants was critical for the enhancement of shoot regeneration frequency. The lower parts of the cotyledon excised at the plumule base were found to display a markedly enhanced production of adventitious shoots compared to other cotyledon regions. Culture in silver nitrate-supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was not beneficial for shoot regeneration and suppressed root regeneration. Efficient shoot regeneration was obtained on MS medium containing 1.0 $mg\;l^{-1}$ zeatin and 0.1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ indole-3-acetic acid. Regenerated shoots successfully elongated and rooted in medium containing 0.1 $mg\;l^{-1}$ 1-naphthalene-acetic acid after 10-15 days of subculturing. The plantlets were satisfactorily acclimatized in a greenhouse and grew into normal plants without any morphological alterations.