• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.381-396
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• 2010

It is essential to consider strategies, spatial planning, and reflection of sustainability for the creation of sound urban spaces. To this end, there is a need for plans that can secure better sustainability through strategic environmental assessment (SEA) of plans. This study examined the literature and available precedent to develop a SEA model for administrative plans for urban development including metropolitan plans, urban master plans and urban management plans. In the course of development of the model, environmental issues associated with the urban plans were analyzed by classifying them into ten categories, including "spatial planning," "conservation planning," "greenbelt systems," "habitats." and etc. according to their rank. Furthermore, those issues were reflected on the development of environmental evaluation indices for the plans. Overall and detailed environmental indices that can be applied to the administrative plans for urban development including metropolitan plans, urban master plans and urban management plans were devised for five stages: (1) Establishment of development goals and strategy, (2) Analysis of current status and characteristics, (3) Conceptualization of spatial structure, (4) Planning for each department, and (5) Execution and management. Sub plans are more detailed and concrete. Criteria based on the evaluation indices, when performing evaluations on plans based on each environmental assessment index in reference to experts and the literature, were used to forecast their effects, i.e. whether they had a positive, negative, or no effect or relationship, or whether their effects was uncertain. Based on the forecasts, this study then presents means to establish more improvable plans. Furthermore, by synthesis of the effects according to each index and integration of the process, plans were analyzed overall. This study reflects the characteristics of the present time period based on issues in the SEA process and techniques in upper level administrative plans being newly established, and presents them according to the stage of each plan. Furthermore, by forecasting the effect of plans by stage, this study presents proposals for improvement, and in this aspect, can be meaningful in promoting plan improvements through SEA.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2012

The Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) is a five grade assessment map created with nationally integrated environmental information and environmental values. The map is made through the evaluation of 65 items, including greenbelt area and naturalness. Naturalness means original state of nature, and it is one of the most important evaluation items for conserving nature. The criteria of naturalness includes the Degree of Green Naturality (DGN) made by MOE. Using the data which has been not updated is a problem of accuracy for ECVAM. Therefore, this study would like to improve the criteria of naturalness. To improve the criteria, the study examined the effectiveness of DGN using field survey. The results of analysis the naturalness without DGN, some area changed grade of naturalness have been already damaged or cleared for agriculture and industrial purposes. The grade of naturalness should be included the concept of vegetation transition like DGN. The study suggested a improved method using vegetation type (natural and planted forest), forest age, and the grade of vegetation conservation. The method was reviewed by experts and field survey. After applying the method in South Korea, the grade of naturalness were distributed evenly like GradeI is 38.87%, GradeII is 37.62%, GradeIII is 23.51%, respectively. From the results of field survey, over 4 grade of forest age in natural forest showed similar pattern of structure and composition in original forests. Therefore, the improved criteria explained the naturalness better than existing criteria, and the accuracy of ECVAM has been improved more.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2010

The Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) is a five grade assessment map created with nationally integrated environmental information and environmental values. The map is made through the evaluation of 67 items, including greenbelt area and bio-diversity. The ECVAM assesses the stability of the community using forest maps. However, the existing assessment method is problematic because the assessment grades are evaluated using higher than practical values; in part because it uses even-valued overlay and minimal indicator methods. This study was performed in order to suggest an integrated assessment method that could complement the stability evaluation based on existing methods. Accordingly, this study added forest type information, including whether the forest was natural or artificial, to the overlay method using forest diameter maps and forest density maps. As a result, the proposed ECVAM indicated a drastic grade change. After applying the method in South Korea, Grade I areas decreased 12.1%, from 52.6% to 40.6%, Grade II areas increased 11.9%, from 17.4% to 29.2%, and Grade III areas increased 0.2%, from 17.1% to 17.4%, respectively. From the results of the field survey, we found differences between natural forest and planted forest with regard to the number of mortality, species of shrubs, and vine cover. This means that natural forests are more stable than planted forests. This study suggests an improved assessment methodology to complement the existing EVCAM method. The results are expected to be used in environmental evaluations and forest conservation value assessments in ecology and environmental fields.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2018

This study was designed to understand the change of rural landscape and to consider problems followed by development restrictions lifted for Neobiul Village in Ansan City, Korea. Physical landscape changes were comprehended by a field study and interview with local residents, and the residents' perception regarding the landscape changes were analyzed with the REP investigation method. The results can be summarized into the following three points: First, due to the lift of development restrictions and the deregulation of land use, the number of factories and warehouses for rent increased, which became a new source of income for the village. Second, the residents' complaints increased due to the increased traffic volume and waste from a sudden influx of factories and warehouses, which could not be handled by a small farming village. Third, a mix of landscape combining both city and farming village was formed due to the influx of external capital and the need of rental income, although the residents rather wanted Neobiul Village to become a residential village than a factory location. Furthermore, even in the farmlands near the village where development restrictions have not been lifted, the level of dependence on the farming industry has decreased as a consequence of the increase in farmland rent and weekend farms. This paper confirmed that the change of rural landscape followed by lifted development restrictions affects the everyday life of residents living in Neobiul Village. This study has significant implications in that it suggests a case showing the effects of national policies such as lifting development restrictions for rural villages in suburban areas.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제100권4호
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• pp.698-707
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• 2011

한국은 지난 10년간 몽골 지역을 대상으로 산림복구 및 사막화방지 조림사업을 추진해 오고 있다. 본 연구는 몽골을 대상으로 기존 조림사업을 기후변화대응 A/R CDM 사업과 연계 추진의 타당성을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 할간트(Khyalganat), 토진 나르스(Tujiin Nars), 룬솜(Lun soum) 등 소규모 A/R CDM 시범사업 가능지를 선정하고, 특징 및 장단점, 경제성, 실행가능성 등을 분석하였다. 평가 대상지 중 토진나르스가 조림목 생장, 경제성 및 기존경험 활용가능성 측면에서 가장 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 황사피해 저감 등 환경에의 기여효과가 큰 몽골 조림사업을 소규모 A/R CDM 사업으로 추진하게 되면 탄소배출권 수익을 통해 조림비용의 절감, 주민에 의한 조림지의 지속가능한 관리, 지역사회에의 기여, 참여기업의 사회공헌 및 그린이미지 상승, 한-몽 간 임업협력 강화 등의 효과가 기대된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.136-145
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• 2007

도시의 성장에 따라 도시계획구역의 변화와 함께 도시 내의 그린벨트를 포함한 자연녹지와 노후화된 도시시설이 입지한 토지에 대한 재개발이 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 현상은 도시의 형성이 오래되고 도시의 성격이 급속히 변화 할수록 그 속도가 빨라진다. 부산은 1970, 80년대 경제성장의 선봉에 있었던 산업시설이 도시의 외곽으로 이전하고 항만시설이 노후화, 쇠퇴화 되면서 도시의 산업형태가 2차 산업에서 3차 4차의 고차산업으로 변화하는 현상이 일어나고 있으며 주거지역의 경우도 내륙지역의 오래된 주거지역이 주거환경의 악화와 도심으로의 교통의 편리성이 증대되면서 인근 지역으로 이동하는 현상이 나타나고 있다. 이에 용도지역에 대한 변화를 분석한 결과 내륙지역보다 해안에 접해있는 지역이 주거지역이나 상업지역의 확산이 뚜렷이 나타났으며, 구 시가지의 공장 등이 강서구나 기장군의 대규모 공업단지로 이전하면서 공업지역의 면적이 뚜렷이 변화하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.108-118
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• 2005

While the recent lift of restrictions in greenbelt areas is expected to generate a number of development plans, there are efforts to create various development plans into spatial plans that consider the natural and ecological conditions of development sites. However, these development plans consider Degree of Green Naturality or Degree of Ecology only when designating areas for conservation within development sites. It is true that they don't fully reflect the value of green areas and wetlands as habitats and natural resources. Therefore, this study built an conservation value assessment model that is applicable to sites where development is planned in Korea by reviewing prior case examples md studies and applied the developed model to a case study area. The site where the conservation value assessment model was applied to is an area around Yongsan-ri and Suha-ri, Doam-myon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon province where quality natural resources are located in and wend the site. This is a site for the development of Alpensia Resort where a resort including facilities for the Winter Olympics is planned to be introduced. In order to assess the conservation value of the site for Alpensia Resort, a total of eight items including area, distribution of communities, habitation of species with conservation value, functions of habitats, connectivity of habitats, vegetation layers of forests, age of forests, and ratio of non-native plants were studied through literature review and field surveys. The assessment was made by dividing the site into 95 habitats that are perceived by aerial photographs and each habitat unit was assessed on the eight items in a 3-point scale. Each unit habitat assessed in a 3-point scale was segmented into primary, secondary or tertiary areas based on the conservation value. Habitats assessed as primary were designated as priority (absolute) conservation areas and those assessed as secondary and tertiary were set as secondary conservation areas and tertiary conservation areas, respectively. As a result, each area represented 26.9%, 20% and 3% of total site area. Based on this result, habitat management plans were developed to conserve primary conservation areas, improve secondary conservation areas and restore tertiary conservation areas. In addition, a development plan was developed to create habitats in areas where new habitats are requested in order to build an eco-network in the site and a plan to create eco-corridors was proposed. In developing a land use plan for the site, a development plan that considers conservation areas first should be set up based on the outcome of conservation value assessment. This can be linked to the development of an environment-friendly land use plan as well as easing the establishment of a green area and eco-network. This study will facilitate the implementation of the 'conservation before development' principle, which can prevent reckless development, by assessing conservation value in setting up development plans.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2020

2020년 일몰제가 시행되면서 장기미집행공원 개발에 대한 우려가 제기되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 장기미집행공원이 개발됨에 따라 소실되는 탄소량과 경제적 가치를 평가하여 장기미집행공원 개발에 따른 영향 최소화 방안 도출에 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 FSDAF 시공간 영상융합기법과 CASA-NPP 모형을 활용하여 서울시 내 장기미집행공원의 연평균 NPP를 산정하고, 이를 바탕으로 5개의 개발 시나리오에 따라 소실되는 탄소량과 경제적 손실을 평가하였다. 서울시 내 개발제한구역을 제외한 장기미집행공원의 총 NPP 값은 4,892.18 t C로 나타났으며, 개발 시나리오 1에서는 4,892.18 t C, 개발 시나리오 2에서는 2,548.55 t C, 개발 시나리오 3에서는 238.94 t C, 개발 시나리오 4에서는 848.38 t C, 개발되는 시나리오 5에서는 1,596.00 t C의 탄소가 소실될 것으로 나타났으며, 각각 5개의 개발 시나리오에 따른 탄소의 사회적 비용을 계산하면 약 11억 8천만원, 6억 1천만원, 5천 8백만원, 2억 5백만원, 3억 8천 5백만원이며 개발로 인해 해당금액의 경제적 손실이 발생할 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 5개의 개발 시나리오를 바탕으로 장기미집행공원의 탄소 손실량과 경제적 손실을 평가하였다는데 의의가 있으며, 일몰제 이후 개발가능성이 높은 장기미집행공원 내 산림생태기능에 대한 영향 최소화 방안 마련, 개발 대안의 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.353-363
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 가공송전선 인접 258개 시설과 120개의 고압 가공송전선, 17개의 지중화 송전선에서 자기장 방출량을 조사하였다. 또한 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 이격거리에 따른 ELF-MF 저감률을 파악하였다. 120개 고압 가공송전선의 전압 형태에 따라 자기장 방출량 조사한 결과, 154kV 고압송전선은 최소 60m, 345kV는 최소 80m, 765kV는 최소 100m 이격거리를 설정해야 고압송전선에서 발생하는 자기장 노출의 위해요인을 사전에 예방할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다. 극저주파 자기장의 방출량 시뮬레이션을 실시한 결과, 154kV의 경우 최대 부하가 걸린 시점에서 40m 이상, 345kV의 경우 60m 이격된 거리에서 4mG 이하로 나타났다. 환경영향평가학적 측면을 감안한 최악의 조건과 앞으로 증가될 전력 부하량을 감안하여 본 연구에서는 고압송전선로 최소 적정 이격거리는 70m 이상이 타당할 것이라 판단된다. 70m 내에 녹지대나 완충구역을 설정하여 수용체가 노출되지 않는 환경을 조성해야 차후 발생할 수 있는 극저주파 자기장 인체 위해성 관련 불안 요인을 제거할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.418-428
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to predict the spatio-temporal changes in land uses and to evaluate land-based pollutant loads in the future under Total Water Pollution Load Management System using CLUE-S model. For these ends, sensitive parameters of conversion elasticities in CLUE-S model were calibrated and these calibrated parameters of conversion elasticities, level II land cover map of year 2009, and 7 driving factors of land use changes were used in predicting future land uses in 2002 with two scenarios(Scenario 1: non area restriction, Scenario 2: area restriction). This projected land use map of 2020 was used to estimate land-based pollutant loads. It was expected that urban areas will increase in 2020 from both scenarios 1 and 2. In Scenario 1, urban areas are expected to increase within greenbelt areas and deforest would be expected. Under Scenario 2, these phenomena were not expected. Also the results of estimation of BOD and TP pollutant loads, the BOD difference between scenarios 1 and 2 was 719 kg/day in urban areas and TP difference was 17.60 kg/day in urban areas. As shown in this study, it was found that the CLUE-S model can be useful in future pollutant load estimations because of its capability of projecting future land uses considering various socio-economic driving factors and area-restriction factors, compared with conventionally used land use prediction model.