• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1213-1220
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• 2011

This study aims at choosing indicators to measure the effect of utilizing biotop map, and analyzing its effect by an indicator from the perspective of performer. The Primary performance indicators are made through specialist survey using SMART. As a result, three indicators are chosen: "Discussion of the period of an environmental effects evaluation(reduced effect)", "Plan and execution of environment and ecology plan in an urban development site", "Minimizing ecological damage in an urban development." The result in each indicator is as follows. The indicator of discussion of the period of an environmental effects evaluation(reduced effect), the average reduction rate in statistically meaningful level reduced 6.08% and 11.64% respectively in 2004-2005. In this period, environment information system was established and the reduction effect is shown in this period by reinforcing environment effect estimation using biotop map. As to the indicator of utilizing biotop map in an urban development site, the Seongnam P site case shows that biotop map was used when they set up an development plan. In case of minimizing ecological damage in an urban development, the Gwangjingu G-dong case shows that it was used to appoint preservation sit, and mediate development restrict area. Accordingly, the biotop map utilizing effect is confirmed through core performance indicators and verification of the indicators using SMART. The further research is encouraged to find evaluate indicators and verify the effect quantitatively to increase the use of biotop map.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.9C
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• pp.860-870
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• 2005

In this paper we propose a new method to derive GRM(Generalized Reed-Muller) coefacients for each $2^{n}$ polarities using cell of karnaugh map(k-map). Generally, there are the serial and parallel method to derive GRM coefficients. As a serial method, Green method generates GRM coefncients using transform matrix. And as a parallel method, Besslich algorithm produces GRM coefficients of each polarity using the generated anteriorly. Green's method generates GRM coefficients for n-variable by calculating transform matrix for one-variable and n-times kronecker product this matrix. And Besslich's method generates GRM coefficients of each polarity in order of Grey-code. But those methods have disadvantages that the number of variable exceeding four makes transform matrix large and there are so many operation steps. In this paper, GRM coefficients is generated by producing cell [$f_{i}$] minimizing variable on k-map and operating this cell [$f_{i}$] and transform matrix for one-variable. So, we can generate GRM coefficients of all polarities easily by using the proposed method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.217-224
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• 2012

In general, transportation sources include both on-road vehicles and off-road equipment. Off-road vehicles have usually used diesel engines, which have the disadvantage of high NOx emission. Common rail direct injection (CRDI) and after-treatment systems have been applied to meet the exhaust gas emission regulations for diesel vehicles. In the present, agricultural machinery has satisfied the Tier 3 emission regulations by using waste gate turbocharger (WGT) and internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). In this paper, the combustion and emission characteristics of an EGR system applied to a 56kW off-road vehicle in non-road transient cycle (NRTC) mode have been investigated. The EGR map was made from foundation experiments determining the EGR duty for all engine operating conditions, and then this map was applied to the NRTC mode. Consequently, the NOx emission was reduced by the EGR system, and the Tier 4 interim emission regulations were satisfied by using both the EGR system and an after-treatment system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.173-181
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• 1995

Geospatial analysis method was applied for classification of suitable site for farmstead. Typical urban suburb and rural area was selected and analyzed, that is Cheongwon County in Chungbuk Province, South Korea. In this study, suitable site for the farmstead was classified by five grade in the other site except suitable area for paddy field, upland, settlement and Green Belt, regulated area for development around the city. Digital Elevation Model(DEM), detailed soil map, administration boundary map, stream map and Green Belt map where digitized and scoring tables were composed with scoring standard. In site verification, Geospatial Information System(GSIS) was quite good tools for suitable site classifying for farmstead causing farm household income increasing, environmental impact decreasing and scientific site selection.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2014

In this paper, it predicts green technology in the future with "Co-word" which is patent analysis, "technology road-map, life cycle graph of patent activation and trend analysis. Analysis result shows that it would help environment preservation because development of ITS green technology makes carbon emission effectiveness and ITS green technology is especially expected to develop in fuel saving field. In addition, fuel saving field is predicted to be advance more practically technology field with convergence with IT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.29-44
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively and visually analyze the degree of green biotope fragmentation caused by road construction and other development work using FRAGSTATS and GUIDOS tool. Moreover, linking of the endangered species research, we mapped "Biotope Fragmentation Map" of Daejeon-city. The findings of the study are summarized as follows: First, as the result of FRAGSTATS, landscape indices : number of patch(NP), mean patch size (MPS), edge length(TE), mean nearest neighbor distance(MNN), edge shape(LSI) showed meaningful change from fragmentation. Moreover, the result of GUIDOS analysis, middle core-small core-bridge-branch-edge-islet-perforation showed increase of area percentage without large core. Lastly, analysis result of 'Biotope Fragmentation Map' revealed that changing site of large core's size appeared eighteen-site and designated as the special protection area appeared forty-one site. As the result of the two data, overlapping areas that showed both change of core size and revealed special protection areas revealed four site. For example, five species of endangered species appeared on the NO. 4 site in 'Biotope Fragmentation Map'. The findings of this study as summarized above are considered to play an important role in basic data preventing green biotope fragmentation at the planned level from various development work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2012

The Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) is a five grade assessment map created with nationally integrated environmental information and environmental values. The map is made through the evaluation of 65 items, including greenbelt area and naturalness. Naturalness means original state of nature, and it is one of the most important evaluation items for conserving nature. The criteria of naturalness includes the Degree of Green Naturality (DGN) made by MOE. Using the data which has been not updated is a problem of accuracy for ECVAM. Therefore, this study would like to improve the criteria of naturalness. To improve the criteria, the study examined the effectiveness of DGN using field survey. The results of analysis the naturalness without DGN, some area changed grade of naturalness have been already damaged or cleared for agriculture and industrial purposes. The grade of naturalness should be included the concept of vegetation transition like DGN. The study suggested a improved method using vegetation type (natural and planted forest), forest age, and the grade of vegetation conservation. The method was reviewed by experts and field survey. After applying the method in South Korea, the grade of naturalness were distributed evenly like GradeI is 38.87%, GradeII is 37.62%, GradeIII is 23.51%, respectively. From the results of field survey, over 4 grade of forest age in natural forest showed similar pattern of structure and composition in original forests. Therefore, the improved criteria explained the naturalness better than existing criteria, and the accuracy of ECVAM has been improved more.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 1998

In Korea, the initial installation of GIS requires lots of cost, time, and human efforts. If the accuracy of GIS data does not meet the certain standard for use, the system may not work as expected. So, it needs to be investigated for the accuracy of raw data. However, there is little study for the accuracy of raw data in Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the data accuracy of raw data - geologic map, 1:5,000 and 1:25,000 scale topographic map, forest stand map, degree of green naturality(DGN) map, and detailed survey data of DGN map-, which are to be used in Environmental Information System(EIS) in Korea. After this study, some errors in data were surveyed and following conclusions were derived. (1) There is no map data, e. g, wildlife habitat map. (2) Some data are misinterpreted depending on the location in the geologic map. (3) Some data are not updated properly after change of topography in the topographic map or the elevation and location is different depending on the scale.. (4) Some data are not edited properly in the forest stand map, e. g. two attributes in one polygon. (5) DGN classification system does not reflect the characteristic of Korean vegetation community. So, it needs to be refined and restructured.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.460-466
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• 2010

These days, it is getting important to have more chances to visit natural environment for the wellbeing life. The advancement of digital technologies allows us to get useful information regardless of time and location. In this paper, we investigate a way of improving user experience in the natural green environment using the digital technologies. This paper proposes a system called Green-UX-Story which supports users to create and share their story through the online and offline green experience. The system consists of two main systems: the "Story-Field" and the "Story-Tree". The Story-Field consists of a certain number of the Story-Trees allocated to a certain green site. In the Story-Field, users can see the Story-Trees that are owned by other users and share their stories. The Story-Tree contains the user-story in each branch and green information that are captured by the user on the web. The Story-Tree is generated using the L-system algorithm as the user adds stories. The main purpose of the system is to enable users to write their green stories from the both online and offline experiences. This paper describes the system configuration and the user scenario of the Green-UX-story.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.47-58
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• 2020

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport(MOLIT) has increased reduction rate from 18.1% to 32.7% in Building sector compared to BAU of the national greenhouse gas emission according to the 2030 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Road map Amendment. For this purpose, MOLIT has been activating the green remodeling projects for existing buildings. Considering that 15 year old buildings after completion are 74% (5.25 million buildings) among about 7 million existing building stocks in Korea, reduction of building energy consumption by green remodeling is urgently needed, However, it is a major difficulty of activation for green remodeling projects because there are few case studies on Before and After building energy consumption of actual green remodeling projects. Considering that building energy performance and value increase after green remodeling through previous researches, additional studies of the energy consumption assessment on actual green remodeling projects are essential. Therefore, this study aims to propose results on Before and After building energy consumption of actual green remodeling projects.