• Title/Summary/Keyword: Green peach aphid

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Sound Stress Induces Developmental Alterations and Enhances Insecticide Susceptibility in the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (스트레스 음파 처리에 따른 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)의 발육 교란 및 살충 효과)

  • Seok, Jeong-Gyun;Kang, Taek-Jun;Kim, Yong-Gyun
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.415-420
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    • 2010
  • This study investigated effects of different sound frequencies on development and insecticide susceptibility of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Under a constant sound intensity (95 dB), different frequency (0-5,000 Hz) sounds were treated on entire developmental period of the aphids. With increase of sound frequencies, nymphal to adult development of the aphids showed significant retardation and the females exhibited a significant decrease in fecundity. The greatest disrupting effects were induced by treatment of 5,000 Hz, which also caused marked change in protein expression of the aphids analysed by two dimensional electrophoresis. Sound frequencies above 2,000 Hz significantly increased susceptibility of the aphids against imidacloprid. This study clearly suggest that there is a stress sound, which can be sensed by M. persicae and induces its physiological alteration.

Seasonal fluctuation of Carboxylesterase activity in field collected populations of the green peach aphid (Carboxyl Esterase의 활성측정에 의한 복숭아혹진딧물, Myzus persicae S.의 살충제포장저항성도의 계절적변동)

  • ;;Naoki Motoyama
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.348-353
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    • 1993
  • The fluctuation of insecticide resistance in the green peach aphid (GPA) in fields was investigated by caboxy1 esterase (CE) activity index analysis. Of the GP A Populations occurred on the red pepper seedlings, aphids in the untreaLed and treaLed with acephate plots showed 40 and 78 resistance percent (RP), respectively. Aphids in the untreated kale field showed the RP value 24 in July, contrast to 83 in October. Mean RPs of aphids from 18 localities were 50 + 14 in summer and B2+ 10 in late fall, indicating a seasonal fluctuation of Lhe CE activity.

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A Study on the Primary Parasites in the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Homoptera : Aphididae), and Its Hyperparasites (복숭아흑진딧물에 기생(寄生)하는 진디벌에 관(關)하여)

  • Chang, Young Duck;Youn, Young Nam
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.176-184
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    • 1986
  • A biological study was done on primary parasites and hyperparasites of green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, collected in Taejeon area during the period from April to September 1985 was. The results of mummification of primary parasites, host selectivity between primary parasites and hyperparasites, and longevity of important species were obtained as follows; 1. Among the 201 mummies collected in the field, adult primary parasites and adult hyperparasites were 38.3% and 44.3%, respectively. 2. Among the primary parasites, Lysiphlebia japonica and Trioxys hokkaidensis were most important species. 3. Among the hyperparasites, Prataphelinus nikalskajae, Eucoila sp. and Ardiles convexa were dominant species. 4. L. japonica was more parasitized by the hyperparasites than T. hokkaidensis. 5. T. hokkaidensis was higher than L. japonica in the ability of parasitism. 6. L. japonica had lived for 3 days by feeding glucose, the other foods had lived shorter than food.

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Influence of Germination Triggers on Control Efficacy of an Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana against Myzus persicae (곤충병원성 곰팡이 Beauveria bassiana 포자 발아촉진제가 복숭아혹진딧물 살충효과에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jeong-Jun;Zhu, Hong;Seok, Soon-Ja;Lee, Sang-Yeob
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.256-258
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to investigate agents inducing conidial germination of an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana KK5. Different chemicals including carbohydrates were mixed with conidia of B. bassiana and incubated on water agar for 12 hours. Fructose, mannose and skim milk were useful for spore germination compared to other chemicals. Bioassays against green peach aphids were conducted with the fungal conidia suspended in 1% fructose, mannose and skim milk. Of them, a mixture of skim milk plus conidia of B. bassiana KK5 showed the highest mortalities against $3^{rd}$ instar of green peach aphid.

Establishment of Bioassay System for Developing New Insecticides II. Differences in Susceptibilities of the Insect Species to Insecticides according to Different Application Methods (살충제 개발을 위한 생물검정법의 확립 II. 처리방법 및 종간에 따른 살충제 감수성 차이)

  • 안용준;김길하;박노중;조광연
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.452-460
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    • 1992
  • To establish the economical and reliable routine bioassay system for developing new insecticidal compounds, effects of leaf-dipping time, application methods, insect species and their developmental stages on susceptibilities of insects to insecticides were studied. The stable insecticidal activity appeared at the dipping time for 30-60 seconds in leaf-dipping method, and the most effective application methods were leaf-dipping method for apterous green peach aphid adults, and third instars of diamond-back moth and tobacco cutworm, whereas seedling+insect spray method for adults or third instars of brown planthoppers. For two-spotted spider mite, leaf-dipping or intact plant spray method was favorable. In the bioassay for chitin synthesis inhibitors, the inoculation of third instars of brown planthopper, diamond-back moth, tobacco cutworm and green peach aphid, and larvae of two-spotted spider mite to the young host plants treated by spray method were adequate bioassay methods.

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Control of Potato Virus Y (PVY-VN) with Mineral Oil Treatment in Tobacco Burley 21 Fields (담배(Burley 21) 포장에서 mineral oil 처리에 의한 감자바이러스Y(PVY-VN) 방제)

  • 채순용;김상석;김영호;박은경
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2001
  • The effect of mineral oil treatment in Burley 21 tobacco field on the control of potato virus Y(PVY-VN) mostly transmitted by green peach apid(Myzus persicae Sulzer) in nature was studied and the virus infection in some plants including potato, pepper, bramble, radish, etc near the tobacco fields as a virus infection source was tested by capillary tube precipitatioin test with PVY-antibody and bioassay in Xanthi-nc tobacco. The main source of PVY-VN infection in tobacco field in korea was potato(ca. 40% of test plants infected). Pepper and bramble were also infected by PVY-VN. The control level of PVY-VN infection by treatment of 0.75% liquid mineral oil with 3 % nonionic emulsifier to the plants was 84.8 % in case of the artificial transfection with a infected apterous aphid in laboratory. However, the reduction of PVY-VN disease severity in tobacco fields treated with mineral oil at late June was only 35.5%. These results suggest that mineral oil treatment is not so effective for the protection of aphid-born virus(PVY - VN) infection in tobacco fields.

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Economic Injury Level of Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) at Chinese Cabbage (배추의 생육초기에 복숭아혹진딧물의 경제적 피해수준 설정)

  • Jeon, Heung-Yong;Kang, Taek-Jun;Kim, Hyeong-Hwan;Yang, Chang-Yeol;Kim, Dong-Soon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.407-411
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to estimate the economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold (ET) of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, on Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris var). The changes of biomass of Chinese cabbage and M. persicae density were investigated after introduction of M. persicae at different density (0, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 per plant; inoculated at 10d after planting). The densities of M. persicae largely increased from the above initial densities to 0, 92.3, 177.4, 406.9, 440.4, and 471.3 aphids per plant at 18d after the initial inoculation, respectively. The biomass of Chinese cabbage significantly decreased with increasing the initial inoculated density of M. persicae: 602.0, 264.2, 262.0, 109.3, 151.0, and 67.3 g in above plots with different initial densities, respectively. The relationship between cumulative aphid days (CAD) and yield loss (%) of Chinese cabbage was well described by a nonlinear logistic equation. Using the estimated equation, EIL of M. persicae on Chinese cabbage was estimated 25 CAD per plant based on the yield loss 13%, which take into account of an empirical gain threshold 5% and marketable rate 92% of spring Chinese cabbage. Also, ET was calculated at 80% of EIL: 20 aphids per plant. Until a more elaborate EIL-model is developed, the present result may be useful for M. persicae management at early growth stage of Chinese cabbage.

Genetic Relationahips of the Two Morphorogical Types of Myzus persicae(Homoptera:Aphididae) Collected from Tobacco Plants Based on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD) (연초에서 발생하는 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae)형태형 2종의 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD)을 이용한 유전적 유연관계 분석)

  • 채순용;이기원;김상석;장영덕
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 1998
  • Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic similarity among 8 clones of apierous green peach aphid, two types (M. persicae Sulzer and M. nicotianae lack man) classified by their mo~hologi~cahla raters and host preference (Blackman, 1987), collected from tobacco plants. The genetic variation among these clones was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction amplification with 20 random primers. The higher GC contents of primers, the better in amplification efficiency of PCR reaction in general. The genetic similarities among eight aphid clones were analyzed from UPGMA (unweighted pair group average method) cluster analysis based on simple matching coefficient. The range of genetic similarity coefficients was 0.414 to 0.808. The most close relationship among the clones was similarity coefficient of 0.808 between the PG2 and the PG3 clone. The eight aphid clones analyzed were clustered into three groups by the genetic similarity coefficient. The first group, PG1, PG2, PG3 clone including in M. persicae type by their morphological characters and RED clone in M. nicotianae type was clustered at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.643. The second group, GR1, GR2, BRN in M. nicotianae type was at the 0.636;and the third group was DBR clone in M. persicae type. The results did not indicate any correlation between m&-phological types (M. persicae and M. nicotianae) and RAPD polymorphism. We could not detect any obvious genetic relationships of the two morphological types of the green peach aphid collected from tobacco plants.

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Effects of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Functional Response of Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on the Green Peach Aphid (복숭아혹진딧물에 대한 콜레마니진디벌 기능반응에 미치는 이산화탄소 농도 영향)

  • Jeong Joon Ahn;Jung-Eun Kim;Chun Hwan Kim
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.62 no.3
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2023
  • In this study, we investigated the functional response of aphid parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Three carbon dioxide concentrations (400, 600, and 1000ppm) and seven host densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128) were used during a 24-h period. A type III functional response for A. colemani was fit separately for each CO2 concentration. The estimated handling time (Th) under elevated CO2 (600 ppm and 1000 ppm, 0.015 and 0.014 day) was shorter than that under ambient CO2 (400 ppm, 0.017 day). The proportion of aphids that were parasitized showed the similar characteristic curve under three CO2 concentrations. The highest parasitized rates for A. colemani were 0.57, 0.61, and 0.70 at 16, 32, and 32 aphid density under 400, 600, and 1000ppm, respectively. Although handling time of A. colemani was influenced by elevated CO2 concentrations, the attach rate was not changed much.

An Optimal Standardized in vitro Bioassay to Evaluate Susceptibility of Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Insecta: Hemoptera: Aphididae), to Aphicides (복숭아혹진딧물, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Insecta: Hemoptera: Aphididae), 살진딧물 최적 in vitro 살충력 검정 방법 확립)

  • Ka Hee Cho;Hyo Jung Kim;Young Cheol Kim
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.62 no.3
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    • pp.139-147
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    • 2023
  • Leaf-spray in vitro bioassays appraise new aphicidal formulations for managing deleterious plant-feeding aphids. The formulation may utilize alternative and integrated strategies. However, leaf spraying even under controlled conditions may affect aphid reproduction and mortality. This study examines leaf spray applications for optimum and reproducible aphicidal results using tobacco leaves overlaid on cotton fabric or water agar surfaces. Infestation of the undersides of tobacco leaves with nymphs of green peach aphids was used in the assays. Spray distance and volume were optimized using water-sensitive paper to ascertain the best surface coverage. Overlays of the leaves on water agar caused less mortality and greater reproduction than the use of cotton fabric. The relative humidity of the insect-rearing chambers changed with the watering regime for the insect - rearing chambers with cotton fabric; 60% relative humidity was optimal. Relative humidity was not affected by the concentration of agar in the water agar chambers. Applications of the chemical aphicidal standard, Sulfoxaflor, under the optimized conditions exhibited similar times for lethality although the rate was faster with leaves on the cotton fabric than on water agar. These studies establish reproducible and sensitive techniques for assessing the lethality and effects on reproduction of potential aphicidal products.