• 제목/요약/키워드: Grazing pasture

검색결과 171건 처리시간 0.028초

Temporal and spatial variability in the nutritive value of pasture vegetation and supplement feedstuffs for domestic ruminants in Western Kenya

  • Onyango, Alice Anyango;Dickhoefer, Uta;Rufino, Mariana Cristina;Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus;Goopy, John Patrick
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.637-647
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    • 2019
  • Objective: The study aimed at quantifying seasonal and spatial variations in availability and nutritive value of herbaceous vegetation on native pastures and supplement feedstuffs for domestic ruminants in Western Kenya. Methods: Samples of herbaceous pasture vegetation (n = 75) and local supplement feedstuffs (n = 46) for cattle, sheep, and goats were collected in 20 villages of three geographic zones (Highlands, Mid-slopes, Lowlands) in Lower Nyando, Western Kenya, over four seasons of one year. Concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude ash (CA), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), gross energy (GE), and minerals were determined. Apparent total tract organic matter digestibility (dOM) was estimated from in vitro gas production and proximate nutrient concentrations or chemical composition alone using published prediction equations. Results: Nutrient, energy, and mineral concentrations were 52 to 168 g CA, 367 to 741 g NDF, 32 to 140 g CP, 6 to 45 g EE, 14.5 to 18.8 MJ GE, 7.0 to 54.2 g potassium, 0.01 to 0.47 g sodium, 136 to 1825 mg iron, and 0.07 to 0.52 mg selenium/kg DM. The dOM was 416 to 650 g/kg organic matter but differed depending on the estimation method. Nutritive value of pasture herbage was superior to most supplement feedstuffs, but its value strongly declined in the driest season. Biomass yields and concentrations of CP and potassium in pasture herbage were highest in the Highlands amongst the three zones. Conclusion: Availability and nutritive value of pasture herbage and supplement feedstuffs greatly vary between seasons and geographical zones, suggesting need for season- and region-specific feeding strategies. Local supplement feedstuffs partly compensate for nutritional deficiencies. However, equations to accurately predict dOM and improved knowledge on nutritional characteristics of tropical ruminant feedstuffs are needed to enhance livestock production in this and similar environments.

Comparison and analysis on sheep meat quality and flavor under pasture-based fattening contrast to intensive pasture-based feeding system

  • Zhang, Zhichao;Wang, Xiaoqi;Jin, Yan;Zhao, Kai;Duan, Ziyuan
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • 제35권7호
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    • pp.1069-1079
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    • 2022
  • Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-month intensive feeding on the meat quality, fatty acid profile, flavor, and growth performance of grazing Hulunbuir sheep (HBS). Methods: The HBS were selected 4-months after birth in a pasture rearing system as the experimental animals (n = 44, female, average body weight 23.8±2.2 kg) then divided equally into pasture-based grazing fattening (PAS) and concentrate-included intensive fattening (CON) groups for another 4-month finishing. When finished fattening, all animals were slaughtered to collect musculus longissimus dorsi subcutaneous adipose tissue and to investigate the influences on meat quality, fatty acid profile, flavor and growth performance. Results: The results showed lambs in CON group got significantly higher live weight, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage. The CON group had significantly higher value of redness (a*), lightness (L*) and water holding capacity (p<0.05), significantly lower value of Warner-Bratzler shear force than the PAS group (p<0.05). The subcutaneous fat from CON group lambs demonstrated a significantly higher content of C18:1 and C18:2 (p<0.05), but lower C14:0 and C16:0, indicating an increased degree of unsaturated fatty acid. The content of 4-methyloctanoic acid, 4-ethyloctanoic acid and 4-methylnonanoic acid had increased 2 to 4 times, representing a more intense odor in the CON group. However, the values were still lower than most sheep breeds reported, indicating the indoor feeding system could not fundamentally deteriorate the excellent meat characteristic of HBS. Conclusion: It was evident that lambs in CON group exhibited a better meat production performance, improved in meat color, texture and healthier fatty acid profile through pasture-weaned concentrate included intensive fattening system, which offers a good alternative regimen for lamb finishing and has a wide prospection in the HBS meat industry.

한우 방목초지에서 목초 혼파조합이 식생구성과 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Seed Mixture on the Forage Yield and Botanical Composition in the Hanwoo Grazing Pasture)

  • 김맹중;조영무;최순호;김영근;윤세형;김종근;육완방
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2006
  • 본 연구는 중산간지(표고 450m)에서 한우 방목에 적합한 혼파조합을 선발하기 위한 시험으로 $2000{\sim}2001$년(2년간) 남원 운봉에서 혼파조합별 식생비율의 변화, 건물 및 TDN 생산성, 채식량, 사료가치 등을 조사 및 분석 시험하였다. 한우방목 1년차는 주 초종의 비율이 감소하며, 오차드그라스 위주 혼파조합은 44.9%, 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 27.6%, 티머시 위주 혼파조합은 40.9%, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 40.7% 감소하였다. 그러나 켄터키 블루그라스와 톨 페스큐는 모든 처리구에서 증가하였다. 또한 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파조합은 초기생육이 왕성하여 식생비율이 가장 높았으며 방목 2년차에도 44.2%의 식생비율이 유지되었다. 그러나 티머시는 다른 초종에 비해 생육이 늦으며 건물수량도 낮았다. 년차별 평균 목초수량은 1년차 6,673kg, 2년차 10,177kg/ha로 2년차 평균 건물수량은 1년차 건물수량에 비해 53% 증수하였다. 혼파조합별 TDN은 오차드그라스 위주 혼파구 6,399kg/ha, 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 7,769kg/ha, 티머시 위주 혼파구 4,883kg/ha, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 7,146kg/ha으로 방목초지에서 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파가 TDN 생산량이 높았으며, 건물 채식량에서는 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파구가 6,456kg/ha으로 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파구 6,375kg/ha과 대등하였다. 따라서 한우 육성우 방목에 적합한 혼파조합은 페레니얼 라이그라스 위주 혼파가 오차드그리스. 티머시, 이탈리안 라이그라스 위주 혼파 보다 건물생산량, TDN, 건물 섭취량으로 종합하여 비교할 때 방목적응성이 높은 혼파조합으로 나타났다.

흑염소 방목초지의 사초생산성 및 사료가치 평가에 관한 연구 (Current Status of Forage Use on the Goat Farming in Mountainous Pasture)

  • 문상호;김상우;최기준;장세영;박재현;전병태;김명화;김성진;오미래
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.112-118
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 흑염소 사육을 활성화하고 경영의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 산지초지의 활용성 제고를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 우리나라 흑염소 방목 이용 농가(20호)에 대한 실태조사를 실시하였다. 야초지로 이루어진 방목지의 경우 계절별 초지 생산성이 여름에 가장 높았으며(p<0.05), 봄철과 가을철에는 급격하게 저하되었다. 반면 목초지로 이루어진 방목지의 초지 생산성은 봄철에 가장 높은 생산성을 나타냈으며 가을철에 생산성이 다소 저하(p<0.05)되긴 하였지만, 대체적으로 계절별 생산성의 차이가 야초지 방목지에 비해 완만하여 비교적 안정적인 생산성을 나타내고 있었다. 계절별 방목지 초지의 사료가치 비교 결과 목초지의 경우 계절에 상관없이 안정적인 건물함량을 나타냈고, 야초지는 봄에서 가을로 갈수록 건물함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 조단백질 함량은 목초지의 경우만 가을철에 증가하였고(p<0.05), 야초지의 경우에는 봄에 비해 여름과 가을에 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 목초지의 경우 야초지에 비해 상대적으로 조지방 함량은 높고 조섬유소 함량은 낮은 경향을 나타냈다. 계절에 따른 농장별 흑염소의 일당증체량은 농장별 초지 생산성 및 초지관리 기술에 따라 다양한 차이가 나타났다. 결과적으로 흑염소 사육의 활성화와 경영의 효율을 높이기 위하여 방목 야초지를 우수한 사료가치를 가지고 있을 뿐 아니라 계절별 생산성의 변화도 적은 방목 목초지로 갱신 및 조성을 해 나가야 할 필요성이 있으며, 산지초지의 효율적 이용을 위해서 초지관리 기술의 메뉴얼화와 보급으로 초지 생산성의 개선을 추구할 수 있는 방안이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

애기수영 우점 산지초지에서 식생개선 기술적용이 식생구성 및 건물생산성에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Improvement of Botanical Composition Technology Application on Botanical Composition and Dry Matter Productivity in Rumex acetosella Dominated Hilly Pasture)

  • 정종성;김종근;박형수;이상훈;김원호;김현섭;김영진;이효원;최기준
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 애기수영 우점 초지를 대상으로 종합적인 식생개선 기술을 적용하여 갱신한 초지의 연차별 식생 및 생산성 추이를 분석해보고 개량효과를 생태적 방법으로 고찰해 보고자 2013년 8월부터 2015년 10월까지 강원도 평창의 방목용 초지에서 수행되었다. 토양개량을 위해 석회를 $2MT\;ha^{-1}$의 양으로 2회 시용한 결과 pH 4.69에서 5.47까지 향상되었으며, 이후 더 이상 상승하지 않고 pH 4.91에서 4.98 수준을 유지하였다. 초장은 식생개선구가 모든 방목 시기에서 대조구보다 높은 경향을 보였으며, 방목 후 초장은 12~18 cm 사이로 대조구와 식생개선구간에 유의적 차이가 없었다. 초지 식생구성은 목초의 비율이 증가되었고 잡초(애기수영)의 비율은 12%에서 2%까지 감소하였다. 목초는 orchardgrass와 timothy의 비율이 높은 경향을 보였으며 시간이 지날수록 Kentucky bluegrass의 식생비율이 증가하였고 tall fescue의 비율은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 방목두수는 한우 20두로 2014년도 총 방목기간은 58일이었고, 2015년도는 55일 이었다. 가축의 총 건물섭취량의 경우 2014년은 $7,848kg\;ha^{-1}$이었고 2015년에는 $6,941kg\;ha^{-1}$로 2014년도가 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 평균 초지 가축 이용률은 2014년도 84%로 2015년도 79% 보다 높은 경향을 보였다. 목초의 건물수량은 2014년도 1차 방목에서 대조구는 $3,437kg\;ha^{-1}$로 식생개선구 $5,460kg\;ha^{-1}$ 보다 생산량이 59% 증가되었고, 2015년도 총 건물수량에서 대조구는 $5,742kg\;ha^{-1}$로 식생개선구 $8,685kg\;ha^{-1}$ 보다 51% 건물수량이 증가되었다.

Production and Use of Feed for Sustainable Animal Production in Australia - Review -

  • Rowe, J.B.;Corbett, J.L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.435-444
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    • 1999
  • This paper summarizes the size and output of the major animal industries in Australia and the feed resource available to maintain production. The most important feed source is pasture but there is also extensive use of cereal grains, pulses and by-products in the intensive animal industries and in supplementing the diet of grazing animals. These resources must be used in ways that ensure sustainable production. We outline a number of Decision Support Systems such as GrazFeed, GrassGro, and AusPig which play an important role in optimizing the way in which resources are used. Waste management with respect to mineral pollution of water courses and methane production as a greenhouse gas are important issues for the animal industries and are also considered.

SEX RATIOS OF NATURAL POPULATION OF IXODID TICKS IN PASTURE GROWN IN BANGLADESH

  • Giasuddin, M.;Haq, M.M.;Mondal, M.M.H.;Sarker, N.R.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제8권6호
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    • pp.647-650
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    • 1995
  • The study on the sex ratios of natural population of Ixodid ticks in pasture was conducted in the Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus, Mymensingh, from 1988 to June 1990. The samples were collected from the five grazing fields consisting of five different vegetations. Dragging methods were used for the collection of samples. In 24 months of observations a total of 1113 ticks of two different species, Boophilus microplus (670), Haemaphysalis bispinosa (443) were collected and their sex ratio was determined. Females were recorded higher in both B. microplus and H. bispinosa.

WATER TURNOVER OF GROWING CATTLE FED FRESH CUT GRASS OR HAY AND GRAZED ON PASTURE

  • Sekine, J.;Morita, Z.;Asahida, Y.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제1권3호
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    • pp.163-166
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    • 1988
  • Water turnover and consumption of steers fed either fresh cut grass or hay and water turnover of steers grazed in summer or in fall were determined using 18 Holstein steers weighing 226 to 382 kg. Steers consumed 7.0 or 7.5 kg of dry-matter from hay or fresh cut grass. Animals fed hay drank significantly more water than those given fresh cut grass (P<0.01). Total water consumption, however, was greater in steers fed fresh cut grass than those given hay (P<0.05). Water turnover was about the same as total water consumption with a tendency for slightly higher values in water turnover irrespective of feeding regimes. Steers grazed in summer had greater water turnover than those grazed in fall. Water turnover was about the same in steers fed fresh cut grass and grazed in summer but decreased in steers on the dry ration or grazing in a cool season of the year.

Effect of Cassava Hay in High-quality Feed Block as Anthelmintics in Steers Grazing on Ruzi Grass

  • Wanapat, Metha;Khampa, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제19권5호
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    • pp.695-698
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    • 2006
  • Six, one-year old dairy steers were randomly divided into two groups according to a Completely randomized design (CRD) to receive high-quality feed block (HQFB) without cassava hay and drenching (HQFB1+Ivomex) and HQFB with cassava hay (HQFB2) as block licks while grazing on Ruzi grass pasture. During the eight weeks, fecal parasitic egg counts dramatically declined for both treatment groups with 63.2 and 27.6% reduction from initial period for HQFB1+Ivomex and HQFB2, respectively. However, digestion of coefficients of nutrients particularly OM, were significantly higher in HQFB2 than, those in HQFB1+Ivomex, in addition, ADG of animals in HQFB2 tended to be higher than the group on HQFB1. It was, hence concluded that cassava hay could not only provide as a protein source but also serve as an anthelmintic in ruminants.

SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF IXODID TICKS GROWN IN PASTURE OF BANGLADESH

  • Gaisuddin, M.;Haq, M.M.;Sarker, N.R.;Rahman, M.L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.197-200
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    • 1994
  • The study was conducted in the Bangladesh Agricultural University campus, Mymensingh, from July 1988 to June 1990. Five grazing fields consisting of five different vegetations were selected for this study. The specimen were collected from this study. The specimen were collected from the grazing fields by dragging method. The results revealed that two species of ticks namely Boophilus microplus and Haemaphysalis bispinosa were collected from five different vegetation. The highest incidence of both B. microplus and H. bispinosa were recorded during winter season and lowest in Monsoon for the year of 1988-89 and 1989-90. These two species were significantly occurred in Winter followed by Monsoon and Autumn.