• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.182-191
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• 2007

This paper gives a thorough investigation into Mandarin sentence-final particles (henceforth SFPs). First I induce core grammatical functions and semantic interpretations of SFPs. Based on Rizzi's (1997) Split CP hypothesis, I make some modifications to accommodate Mandarin SFPs and map them onto separate functional heads within a proper hierarchy. I also examine some empirical evidence of head directionality and tentatively assume Mandarin C is head-initial. To explain the surface head-final order, in light of Chomsky's (2001) Phase Theory and Hsieh's (2005) revised Spell-out hypothesis, I pose a CP complement to Spec movement. Following Moro's (2000) idea, I further claim the motivation behind is to seek for antisymetry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.126-135
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• 2007

We propose and test several computational methods to automatically determine possible saliency cut-off points in Sketch Engine (Kilgarriff and Tugwell, 2001). Sketch Engine currently displays collocations in descending importance, as well as according to grammatical relations. However, Sketch Engine does not provide suggestions for a cut-off point such that any items above this cut-off point may be considered significantly salient. This proposal suggests improvement to the present Sketch Engine interface by calculating three different cut-off point methods, so that the presentation of results can be made more meaningful to users. In addition, our findings also contribute to linguistic analyses based on empirical data.

• Language and Information
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-53
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• 2001

As a subtype of English relative clause constructions, free relative constructions like what John ate in I ate what John ate exhibit complicated syntactic and semantic properties. In particular, the constructions have mixed properties of nominal and verbal: they have the internal syntax of sentence and the external syntax of noun phrase. This paper provides a constraint-based approach to these mixed constructions, and shows that simple constructional constraints are enough to capture their complexities. The paper begins by surveying the properties of the constructions. In discusses two types(Specific and nonspecific) of free relatives, their ,lexical restrictions nominal properties and behavior with respect to extraposition, piped piping and stacking Following these it sketches the basic framework of the HPSG(Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar) which is of relevance in this paper. As the main part, the paper presents a constraint- based analysis in which tight interactions between grammatical constructions and a rich network of inheritance relations play important roles in accounting for the basic as well as complex properties of the constructions is question.

• Language and Information
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 2007

This paper reanalyzes examples with missing verbs. Northern Mandarin rejects argument nominal phrases after a silent verb, as well as silent verbs inside islands. These restrictions suggest a grammatical process which silences verbs. I propose that these restrictions are the result of VP-topicalization followed by ellipsis. This analysis accounts for the island sensitivity of these constructions: since VP-topicalization feeds ellipsis, constructions with elided VPs are not derivable from configurations where movement is impossible. Also, to avoid topicalization along with the VP, the argument must move out of VP; the subsequent topicalization of the VP containing the argument's trace would then give rise to a configuration where that trace c-commands the moved-out DP. Adjuncts do not pose a problem because they are located outside of that smallest VP-shell. The data presented here are accommodated by neither of Tang's (2001) proposals for silent verbs (gapping and empty verbs). Instead, they provide support for a third source for silent verbs, VP-ellipsis via topicalization.

• Language and Information
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

In accounting for the so-called copy raising (CR) in English, the movement perspective has assumed that the embedded subject of the CR verb's sentential complement is raised to the matrix subject, leaving behind its pronominal copy. This kind of movement-based analysis raises both empirical and analytical issues, when considering variations in the pronominal copy constraint. This paper investigates the actual uses of the construction, using online-available corpora. Based on this corpus search, we classify two different types of copy raising predicates (genuine and perception), and discuss their grammatical properties in detail. We suggest that the simple copying rule couched upon movement operations is not enough to capture great variations in the uses of the construction, and show that interpretive constraints, e.g., perceptual characterization condition, play an important role in licensing the construction.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.720-730
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• 2011

Opinion mining involves the analysis of customer opinions using product reviews and provides meaningful information including the polarity of the opinions. In opinion mining, feature extraction is important since the customers do not normally express their product opinions holistically but separately according to its individual features. However, previous research on feature-based opinion mining has not had good results due to drawbacks, such as selecting a feature considering only syntactical grammar information or treating features with similar meanings as different. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an enhanced feature extraction and refinement method called FEROM that effectively extracts correct features from review data by exploiting both grammatical properties and semantic characteristics of feature words and refines the features by recognizing and merging similar ones. A series of experiments performed on actual online review data demonstrated that FEROM is highly effective at extracting and refining features for analyzing customer review data and eventually contributes to accurate and functional opinion mining.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2002

The problem whether a given grammar G generates an LL language or not is investigated in respect of LL transformable grammars. The previous work involves a nondeterministic intricated parser construction for the characterization of LL transformable grammars. The method hence does not give the intuitive understanding of the essence of LL languages. This paper suggests a characterization of LL transformable grammars based on grammatical derivations instead of the complicated parser construction. The new characterization contributes to intuitive understanding of the essence of LL languages.

• MALSORI
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• no.35_36
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• pp.145-155
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• 1998

This study intended to determine the most appropriate POS(Part of Speech) sets for predicting prosodic boundary strength efficiently. We used 3-level POB bets which Kim(1997), one of the authors, has devised. Three POS sets differ from each other according to how much grammatical information they have: the first set has maximal syntactic and morphological information which possibly affects prosodic phrasing, and the third set has minimal one. We hand-labelled 150 sentences using each of three POS sets and conducted perception test. Based on the results of the test, stochastic language modeling method was used to predict prosodic boundary strength. The results showed that the use of each POS set led to not too much different efficiency in the prediction, but the second set was a little more efficient than the other two. As far as the complexity in stochastic language modeling is concerned, however, the third set may be also preferable.

• Language and Information
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.157-176
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• 1998

This paper claims that beneficiary adjuncts are best analyzed as involving external predication in a version of grammatical framework called Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar. This paper also claims that verbal catefories need to include the attribute INDEX among their semantic components in order to account for the external predication proposed in this paper. This paper distinguishes between recipient and beneficiary reles and assumes that the former is a semantic argument of a verb-type relation and that the latter is an adjunct which makes a semantic contribution as a modifier. This approach achives a unified analysis of modification phenomena of nominal and verbal categories and it can also accomodate Parson's(1990) idea that a verbal category denotes a set of events, not just an event.

• Language and Information
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.77-96
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• 2007

This paper investigates syntactic variations in English such as Dative Alternation, Particle Inversion, and Object Postposition (Heavy NP Shift) within the framework of Optimality Theory, and shows that the same set of morphological, informational, and processing constraints affect all these variations. In particular, it shows that the variants that used to be regarded as ungrammatical are in fact used fairly often in reality, especially when processing or informational conditions are met, and therefore, grammatical judgment may not be always categorical but sometimes gradient. It is argued that the notion of distance in constraint ranking in stochastic OT can effectively explain the gradience and variability of grammaticality in the variation phenomena.