• 약학회지
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 1996

The in vitro antibacterial activities of LB10522, a new catechol-substituted cephalosporin, were compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefoperaz one against clinical isolates and laboratory standard anaerobes. LB10522 had broad spectrum antibacterial activities against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It was most active against gram-positve bacteria among the reference cephalosporins tested. Against gram-negative strains such as the family Enterobacteriaceae, LB10522 showed an activity comparable to that of cefpirome. But LB10522 was more potent than ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefoperazone. In particular, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly susceptible to LB10522, which was 32-fold and 64-fold more active than ceftazidime and cefpirome, respectively. Against anaerobic strains, the activity of LB10522 was similar to those of reference compounds. LB10522 exhibited potent therapeutic activities against experimental local infections in mice. The therapeutic effect of LB10522 against urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by P. aeruginosa 1912E in mice was superior to that of cefpirome. Against experimental respiratory tract infection (RTI) caused by K. pneumoniae DT-S in mice, LB10522 was as effective as cefpirome. The in vivo efficacy of LB10522 was correlated well with its in vitro activity.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2019

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the clinical features and prognostic factors of early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records from January 2010 to June 2017 (7.5 years) of a university hospital NICU. Results: There were 45 cases of EOS (1.2%) in 3,862 infants. The most common pathogen responsible for EOS was group B Streptococcus (GBS), implicated in 10 cases (22.2%), followed by Escherichia coli, implicated in 9 cases (20%). The frequency of gram-positive sepsis was higher in term than in preterm infants, whereas the rate of gram-negative infection was higher in preterm than in term infants (P<0.05). The overall mortality was 37.8% (17 of 45), and 47% of deaths occurred within the first 3 days of infection. There were significant differences in terms of gestational age (26.8 weeks vs. 35.1 weeks) and birth weight (957 g vs. 2,520 g) between the death and survival groups. After adjustments based on the difference in gestational age and birth weight between the 2 groups, gram-negative pathogens (odds ratio [OR], 42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-1,281.8) and some clinical findings, such as neutropenia (OR, 46; 95% CI, 1.3-1,628.7) and decreased activity (OR, 34; 95% CI, 1.8-633.4), were found to be associated with fatality. Conclusion: The common pathogens found to be responsible for EOS in NICU patients are GBS and E. coli. Gram-negative bacterial infections, decreased activity in the early phase of infection, and neutropenia were associated with poor outcomes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2017

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common gram-positive bacterium that causes serious infections in humans and animals. With the continuous emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, antibiotics have limited efficacy in treating MRSA infections. Accordingly, novel agents that act on new targets are desperately needed to combat these infections. S. aureus alpha-hemolysin plays an indispensable role in its pathogenicity. In this study, we demonstrate that sclareol, a fragrant chemical compound found in clary sage, can prominently decrease alpha-hemolysin secretion in S. aureus strain USA300 at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Hemolysis assays, western-blotting, and RT-PCR were used to detect the production of alpha-hemolysin in the culture supernatant. When USA300 was co-cultured with A549 epithelial cells, sclareol could protect the A549 cells at a final concentration of $8{\mu}g/ml$. The protective capability of sclareol against the USA300-mediated injury of A549 cells was further shown by cytotoxicity assays and live/dead analysis. In conclusion, sclareol was shown to inhibit the production of S. aureus alpha-hemolysin. Sclareol has potential for development as a new agent to treat S. aureus infections.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 1998

The water extracts of oriental herbal medicines which have been clinically used to treat bacterial infections in Korea were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity by the paper disc assay method. Two Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus SG511, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and two Gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli 055, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9027 were used as test organisms. Among 83 of the extracts tested, 25 were active against Staphylococcus aureus SG511, 9 were active against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, while none showed inhibitory activity against Eschelichia coli 055 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9027. Among them, Hwangyonhaedoktang plus hwangyon, Chongwisan, and Ssangbaksan showed remarkably potent antibacterial activity.

• 식품보건융합연구
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.9-19
• /
• 2023

Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides are crucial functional starters and predominant isolates in a wide range of fermented foods, particularly kimchi, whose constituents exhibit bioactive properties. We previously developed a methodology using anion exchange resins to purify peptidyl compounds from Lb. plantarum LBP-K10. Antibacterial cultures of Lb. plantarum LBP-K10 were obtained from the respective cultures' supernatants and filtrates. However, conclusive evidence of the efficacy of kimchi filtrates in eradicating pathogenic bacteria is lacking. We aimed to simulate the potential effects of antibacterial filtrates that contained antibacterial compounds which were derived from cultures of Lb. plantarum LBP-K10. We acquired the kimchi filtrates using a combination of centrifugation and filtration methodologies, without the requirement for inoculation. The filtered liquid from Chinese cabbage kimchi, inoculated with Lb. plantarum LBP-K10 as a starter culture, and the non-inoculated liquid from Chinese cabbage kimchi (referred to as CCK and CCKRef, respectively) were were examined. CCK demonstrated greater inhibitory activity and a more significant bactericidal effect against the bacterial indicator strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration demonstrated comparable outcomes in tests against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This research offers a groundbreaking examination that displays the effectiveness of profiling peptidyl compounds within kimchi filtrates for curing bacterial infections.

• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.94-98
• /
• 2009

저자들은 태반에서 L. monocytogenes 균이 동정된 무증상 산모에서 출생한 $26^{+4}$주, 930g 초극소 저체중 출생아에서 리스테리아 조기 패혈증 및 폐렴이 발생하여 항생제 치료 후 호전된 1례를 경험하여 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2007

Staphylococci are Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic cocci, normally found on the skin andmucosal surfaces of most warm-blooded animals and often involved in a wide variety of diseases in animals.Staphylococcal infections are treated with antibiotics and, consequently, antibiotic resistance and/or acquiredresistance have developed. Staphylococcus (S.) intermedius and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus are 2 comonveterinary isolates that are frequently associated with suppurative infections. This study was undertaken toexamine antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus (23 isolates) and S. intermedius (160 isolates) isolatedfrom dogs in Gwangju, Korea and investigate whether the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and S.intermedius is efected by the site of isolation, age, and sex of dogs. More isolates were isolated fromadult dogs (71.3%) than juveniles (20.5%). Antimicrobial resistance was commonly found for Penicillin,Tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole in both Staphylococcus species. All of the isolates weresusceptible to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, Cephalothin, Oxacilin, Neomycin, and Vancomycin. Appropriateprotocol for antibiotic use and strategies to reduce antimicrobial resistance rate will be needed. Periodicsubstitution of antimicrobial agents and limitation of antibiotic use should also be considered.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.68-72
• /
• 2015

For recent years, use of autologous fat injection has increased significantly in facial contouring surgery. Along with such increase in use, complications like atypical mycoplasma infection have been also on the increasing trend. The authors report two cases of Mycobacterium chelonae infection that occurred after autologous fat injection. Patients were treated as infection that resistant to common antibiotics and results were negative to routine culture and Gram staining. Acid-fast bacillus stain, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and mycobacterial cultures were conducted for diagnosis under suspicion of atypical mycoplasma infection. Then, combination antibiotics therapy, surgical treatment, and steroid injection were performed for treatment. Both patients were diagnosed with Mycobacterium chelonae in PCR test. They were positive to mycobacterial cultures. Combination antibiotics therapy was repeated to improvement of symptom. However, they could not be free from side effects such as deformation in facial contour, scar and pigmentation even after full recovery. When chronic wound infections after autologous fat injection, we must suspect atypical or mycobacterial infection and conduct examinations for a early diagnosis and proper antibiotic therapy that is effective to the nontuberculous mycobacteria.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제50권7호
• /
• pp.643-648
• /
• 2007

목 적 : 신생아중환자실에서 미숙아들의 치료 중 흔히 패혈증을 경험하며 중요한 합병 소견으로 혈소판 감소증을 볼 수 있다. 최근 보고에 의하면 그람 음성균이나 진균에 의한 감염에서 그람 양성균에 비해 혈소판 감소증이 더 심하다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구자들은 패혈증을 나타낸 원인균들 사이에 혈소판 수치의 변화 정도와 패혈증 시 평균 혈소판 용적의 변화를 비교해 보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2006년 6월까지 원광대학교 의과대학병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원하여 치료받은 2,000 g 이하의 미숙아중 패혈증으로 확진된 미숙아 36명을 대상으로 의무기록지를 이용하여 후향적으로 조사 분석하였다. 환아들은 원인균에 따라 그람 양성균군($1,521{\pm}309g,\;31.3{\pm}2.9$, 15명), 그람 음성균군($1,467{\pm}290g,\;30.6{\pm}3.6$, 17명), 진균군($1,287{\pm}205g,\;30.0{\pm}3.9$, 4명)으로 분류하고 이들의 패혈증 증상 출현 3-5일전 시기, 패혈증 증상 출현 시기, 최저 혈소판수치를 보인 시기의 혈소판수치를 각 군별로 비교하였으며, 전체 환아에서 패혈증 출현 시 평균혈소판용적의 변화를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 패혈증을 일으킨 원인균별 분포는 그람음성균 17례(47.2%), 그람양성균 15례(41.7%), 진균 4례(11.1%)였으며, 이중 표피포도알균이 9례(25%)로 가장 많았고, 혈소판 감소증은 $100{\times}10^9/L$이하를 기준 시 88.9%, $150{\times}10^9/L$이하를 기준 시 94.4%이었으며, 혈소판 감소가 $100{\times}10^9/L$ 이하를 보인 빈도는 그람 음성균군 전례로 양성균군 11례(73.3%)에 비해 의의 있게 많았다(P<0.05). 패혈증 증상 출현시기의 혈소판 수치는 그람 양성균군에 비해 그람 음성균군에서 의의 있게 감소하였으며(P<0.05), 진균군에서도 감소하였으나 의의는 없었다. 최저 혈소판 수치를 보인 시기의 혈소판 수치도 그람 양성균군에 비해 그람 음성균군에서 의의있게 감소하였으며(P<0.01), 진균군에서도 감소하였으나 의의는 없었다. 최저 혈소판 수치를 보인 시기에 도달하는데 걸리는 시간은 원인균별 사이에 차이가 없었으며, 혈소판 수치가 $100{\times}10^9/L$ 이하, $150{\times}10^9/L$ 이하가 유지되었던 시간도 그람 음성균군에서 약간 길었으나 의의는 없었다. 혈소판 감소율의 비교에서는 패혈증 증상 출현 시기, 최저 혈소판수치를 보인 시기 모두 그람 양성균군에 비해 그람 음성균군에서 의의있게 감소하였으며(P<0.05), 진균군에서도 감소하였으나 의의는 없었다. 평균 혈소판 용적은 패혈증 증상 출현 전에 비해 최저 혈소판수치를 보인 시기에 의의 있게 증가 하였다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 그람 음성균에 의한 패혈증에서 그람양성균보다 혈소판 감소가 더 심하였다. 그리고 진균감염에 의한 패혈증에서도 그람양성균에 비해 혈소판 감소를 보였으나 의의는 없었으며 이는 대상 환아가 적기 때문으로 사료되었다. 또한, 패혈증시 평균혈소판용적의 증가를 보여 이러한 소견들은 미숙아들의 패혈증 진단과 치료에 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

• 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.422-430
• /
• 2018

Leuconostoc species are Gram-positive coccobacilli and are used in dairy products and are intrinsically resistant to vancomycin. Leuconostoc infections are rare in humans, usually occurring in immune-compromised patients. We describe 6 patients with Leuconostoc bacteremia at Dong-A university hospital between 1990 and 2015. One isolate (L. lactis) was identified to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. All patients had underlying diseases and 5 patients underwent procedures that interrupted the normal integumentary defense. Four patients died within 30 days after being identified as carrying Leuconostoc species.