• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.225-229
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the trabecular bone changes after alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients using a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system. Materials and Methods: The occlusal radiographs taken from 50 UCLP patients were surveyed retrospectively. The images were categorized as: 50 images in group 0 (before bone grafting), 33 images in group 1 (one month after bone grafting), 24 images in group 2 (2-4 months after bone grafting), 15 images in group 3 (5-7 months after bone grafting), and 21 images in group 4 (8 or more months after bone grafting). Each image was grouped as either "non-cleft side" or "cleft side". The CAD system was used five times for each side to calculate the pixel area based on the mathematical morphology. Significant differences were found using a Wilcoxon signed ranks test or paired samples t test. Results: The pixel area showed a significant difference between the "non-cleft side" and "cleft side" in group 0 ($404.27{\pm}103.72/117.73{\pm}92.25$; p=0.00), group 1 ($434.29{\pm}86.70/388.31{\pm}109.51$; p=0.01), and group 4 ($430.98{\pm}98.11/366.71{\pm}154.59$; p=0.02). No significant differences were found in group 2 ($423.57{\pm}98.12/383.47{\pm}135.88$; p=0.06) or group 3 ($433.02{\pm}116.07/384.16{\pm}146.55$; p=0.19). Conclusion: Based on the design of this study, alveolar bone grafting was similar to normal bone within 2-7 months postoperatively.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.37 no.1 s.356
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• pp.62-68
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• 1999

Patients who present with severe maxillary bone loss Secondary to trauma or resorption provide a unique diagnosis and difficulty in implant installation. To solve this problem, various bone grafting methods and graft materials can be used in these compromised cases. But for the patients required wide reconstruction, autogenous iliac bone has been used widely because of easy harvesting of much corticocancellous bone. Usually, implant installations are performed 6-12 months later after grafting. but this method necessary long treatment period and additional surgery. To avoid this disadvantages, bone grafting with immediate implant installations are frequently used. But special care is necessary to prevent postoperative complication in this method. We present three cases of veneer grafting with immediate implant installation. These patients had a knife-edge shaped alveolar bone due to labial alveolar bone loss. We reconstructed this alveolar bone with veneer grafting with iliac bone and performed immediate implant installation. There was no complications during healing periods in these three cases. Six months later, we found good survival of grafting bone and osseointegration of these implants, so we could perform prosthetic treatment successfully.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2003

An effective grafting method for jujube nursery trees was developed to shorten the operation time, improve the percentage of "takes" and shoot emergence, and form the better graft union. Out of 7 grafting methods the splice, modified scion Ono graft and the bark graft showed relatively short operation time during the grafting operation comparing to the modified rootstock Ono graft or the chip budding. Among these methods, the bark graft demonstrated 100% "takes", but the modified scion Ono graft or the standard Ono graft showed 58.3% of "takes". The percentages of the vegetative shoot emergence were 100% fir the bark graft, 70% f3r the modified scion Ono graft and lower emergence percent for the rest grafting methods. The union tissue formation for the modified scion Ono graft, the bark graft, or the whip-and-tongue graft was significantly larger than the standard Ono graft or the splice graft. In a close examination of the cross sectional areas of the graft union formation through the microscope, the bark graft was superior, the standard Ono graft was inferior and rest of the grafting methods were intermediate.ing methods were intermediate.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2013

Melt grafting of citraconic acid (CCA) onto an ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) with various peroxide initiators was performed using a Haake Rheocorder. Finding the optimum running condition and concentration is critical for effective grafting and performance of grafted material. Therefore, this study focused on the effects of mixing (reaction) condition and monomer/initiator dosages on the grafting degree, grafting efficiency and crosslinking degree (gel content), melt flow index and mechanical properties of CCA-g-EPDM. As the grafting degree/crosslinking degrees increased, the tensile strength increased significantly, but elongation at break and melt flow index decreased. The initiator 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butyl peroxy)-hexane (T-101) appeared to meet for the best grafting(2.31%). The grafting degree increased markedly with increasing monomer CCA/initiator T-101 contents. The grafting degree also increased with increasing mixing temperature/time, and then leveled off or decreased/increased a little. The optimum monomer/initiator dosages and reaction temperature/time were found to be about 5/0.05 wt% and $180^{\circ}C$/15min, respectively.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 1990

The grafting of butyl methacrylate onto gelatin was investigated by potassium persulfate(KPS) redox system in aqueous solution. The optimum conditions of grafting were observed, and the physical property and the biocolnpatibility of graft copolymer membrane were examined. The gas permeability and the biodegradation by bacteria were decreased with the grafting percentage increased, and tensile strength increased with the grafting percentage increased.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.409-414
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• 2008

The roles-grafting research is an approach to educational studies intended to graft five roles of supervisors, graduate students, teachers, principals and administrators. The approach is divided into four chained and cyclical aspects: drafting research blueprint, revising research blueprint, executing research blueprint and assessing performances. The approach maintains five basic principles: principles of inheritance, innovation, practicality, scientific basis and grafting. It is a paradigm of innovative research that has been developed in China that is worth a thorough investigation and extensive analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.95-108
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• 1984

In order to see the effect of various factors on the success of grafting of walnut, a modified cleft grafting experiment has been conducted with Juglans sinensis Dode, J. regia (persian walnut), J. regiu (carpathian walnut), J. mandshurica, J. nigra and five cultivars of Carpathian walnut as "HANSEN", "METCALFE" "SCHOOL", "ILL CRATH", "LAKE" in a large green house equipped with automatic environmental control system in which temperature of the grafting bed at $28^{\circ}C$ and 85-100% for humidity during the period of January 1981-June 1983. As results of the experiments, the following facts were observed. 1) Hteroplastic grafting was proved to be more successful than homoplastic grafting with all five species tested among the J. regia (carpathian walnut), J. regia (persian walnut), J. sinensis, J. mondshurica, J. nigra. 2) It was interesting to notice that results hight survival of graft high as 99.33-100% with heteroplastic grafting when "Persian Walnut" and "Carpathian Walnut" was grafted on the stock of J. mandshurica and J. nigra. 3) A statistical significance of 5% Level was recognized in the above stocks among five species of homoplastic grafting with heteroplastic grafting and no significance among the scions. 4) The heteroplastic grafting when five cultivars of Carpathian Walnut as above as was grafted on the stock of Juglans nigra and J. mandshurica resulting high survival of graft as high as 85.33-100%. 5) As conclusion, the heteroplastic grafts of Carpathian Walnut and Persian Walnut was grafted on the stock of Juglans nigra and Jugdans mandshurica, the graft union, between stock and scion completed, in short period and was followed by a vigorous growth as well as "Cross Breeding", or hybrization, became apparent, with different desirable traits which could he used to cultivate a Later generation that combined these characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.2
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• pp.243-247
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• 2020

This study investigates bench grafting (BG) and field grafting (FG) in walnut by comparing the graft take rate, grade ratio, and simple earning rate using a conventional method. The mean grafting-take rate of the BG was 30.3% while that of FG was 77.1%. The quality of grafted seedlings is classified as good, fair, and poor. The quality grade ratio of FG seedlings is 3:4:3 (good:fair:poor) while the grade ratio of BG seedlings is 2:3:5. Field grafting resulted in 20% more good and fair seedlings than the BG method. As a result of calculating the earning rate with the sales income versus the input cost, FG has 1.5 times higher earning rate than BG. In summary, FG could be an alternative to conventional epicotyl grafting because it produced high-quality seedlings and increased productivity due to its high graft-take rate and earning rate.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.48-57
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• 2014

In this study, we have investigated the influence of the nature of solvent on the grafting reaction of maleic anhydride onto polyethylene wax obtained as a by-product in a high density polyethylene plant. The results show that the grafting ratio in xylene as a solvent was higher than toluene. This is because xylene has excellent monomer solubility, swelling property and miscibility. It has been also observed that grafting degree shows an initial jump in percentage of grafting with increasing amount of solvent, from 0% v/w to 200% v/w giving maximum grafting in 200% v/w and then slightly decreases on further increase in the amount of solvent and becomes almost constant. It can be also seen that gel content was not formed under the use of solvent. It means that solvent prevented cross-linking reaction due to chain transfer reactions to solvent molecules. Studies of melt viscosity at $140^{\circ}C$ showed that viscosity increased after grafting of maleic anhydride onto polyethylene wax.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics and propagation methods of Prunus species as woody landscape plants. Both the flowering time and the survival rate of grafting were investigated. The results are obtained as follows: The total of flowering period of Prunus species in Kyonggi province area lasted for about 26 days. The flowering time of the species overlaps. These observations suggest that the possibility of interspecific pollination among Prunus species is very high in the kyonggi province area. The total number of flowers in the species in area was in as follows decreasing order : (1) Prunus yedoensis >Prunus pendula var. ascendens > Prunus subhitella > Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo > Prunus leveillenana var. pendula. The number of carpels in each flower ranged from 0.3 for Prunus subhirtella to 1.8 for Prunus serulata for. fugenzo. In the caseof Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo, the carpels appeared to be degenerated and thus losted their function. However, there exist two tyoes of Prunus subhirtella. While one type had normal carpel, the other had the degenerated one. The survival rate of grafting was investigated on May 19. Eighty there percent of the plants survived when the grafting was made in the greenhouse in January whereas the plants grafted in nursery in March survived less in that Prunus suhirtella showed 64%, Prunus leveilleana var. pendula 47%, Prunus sesrulata for. fugenzo 43%, Prunus yedoensis 62% and Prunus pendula var. ascendens 24%, respectively. Therefore, it suggested that high humidity and optimal temperature appeared to incase the survival rate of the grated plants. We therefore propose here that grafting should be done in the greenhouse that both humidity and temperature could be controlled to enhance the efficiency of grafting. This will enable as to perform grafting in winter as well.