• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.589-593
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• 2019

Post-traumatic defects of the distal third of the leg often require skipping a few steps of the well-established reconstructive ladder, due to the limited local reliable reconstructive options. In rare cases, the reconstructive plan and flap choice may encounter challenges when the patient has psychiatric illness affecting compliance with postoperative care. We describe a case of a patient with severe intellectual disability and an open fracture of the distal lower limb. After fracture management and debridement of devitalized tissues, the resultant soft tissue defect was covered with a free gracilis flap. On postoperative day 7, the patient ripped out the newly transplanted flap. The flap was too traumatized for salvage, so a contralateral free gracilis muscle flap was used. The patient showed good aesthetic and functional outcomes at a 1-year follow-up. When planning the postoperative management of patients with psychiatric illness, less complex and more robust procedures may be preferred over a long and complex surgical reconstruction requiring good compliance with postoperative care. The medical team should be aware of the risk of postoperative collapse, focus on the prevention of pain, and be wary of drug interactions. Whenever necessary, free tissue transfer should be performed despite potential compliance issues.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.382-391
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• 2020

Facial palsy has a broad clinical presentation and the effects on psychosocial interaction and facial functions can be devastating. Pediatric facial palsy, in particular, introduces unique familial and technical considerations as anatomy, future growth potential, and patient participation influence treatment planning. Though some etiologies of pediatric facial palsy are self-limiting, congenital and long-standing facial palsies pose difficult challenges that require a combination of surgical, adjunctive, and rehabilitative techniques to achieve facial reanimation. Given the spectrum of ages and symptom severity, as well as the various surgical options available for facial palsy, a tailored approach needs to be developed for each child to restore facial balance and function. Here, we review the etiologies, workup, and treatment of pediatric facial palsy and present our novel algorithmic approach to treatment.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2006년도 정기총회 및 제37차 춘계 국제학술발표대회
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• pp.192-195
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• 2006

Current study was conducted to investigate the effect of different hanging techniques (achilles tendon, aitch bone and pelvic ligament) on variations in sarcomere length and palatability within and between muscles using thirty-four Angus steer sides. Results showed that tenderstretch(by either suspension method) resulted in longer sarcomeres for most positions within the major leg muscle than did conventional hanging method, but in some minor muscles(eg., mm. gluteus profundus, gastronemius, and gracilis) tenderstetch allowed the muscles fibres to shorten. Some tenderstretched muscles(e.g., m. gluteus profundus, 1.5 ${\mu}m$) appeared not to toughen even at very low sarcomere lengths, while others toughened at higher sarcomere lengths. The current data demonstrated that the effect of tenderstretch on the length of sarcomeres and its influence on palatability varied between muscles, Overall the difference between the two tenderstretch methods was for the aitch method to produce meat that was 3.2 units more palatable than the ligament hanging method.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2014

Background Reconstruction of ischial pressure sore defects is challenging due to extensive bursas and high recurrence rates. In this study, we simultaneously applied a muscle flap that covered the exposed ischium and large bursa with sufficient muscular volume and a profunda femoris artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap for the management of ischial pressure sores. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 14 patients (16 ischial sores) whose ischial defects had been reconstructed using both a profunda femoris artery perforator flap and a muscle flap between January 2006 and February 2014. We compared patient characteristics, operative procedure, and clinical course. Results All flaps survived the entire follow-up period. Seven patients (50%) had a history of surgery at the site of the ischial pressure sore. The mean age of the patients included was 52.8 years (range, 18-85 years). The mean follow-up period was 27.9 months (range, 3-57 months). In two patients, a biceps femoris muscle flap was used, while a gracilis muscle flap was used in the remaining patients. In four cases (25%), wound dehiscence occurred, but healed without further complication after resuturing. Additionally, congestion occurred in one case (6%), but resolved with conservative treatment. Among 16 cases, there was only one (6%) recurrence at 34 months. Conclusions The combination of a profunda femoris artery perforator fasciocutaneous flap and muscle flap for the treatment of ischial pressure sores provided pliability, adequate bulkiness and few long-term complications. Therefore, this may be used as an alternative treatment method for ischial pressure sores.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.556-561
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• 2014

Background Groin dissections result in large wounds with exposed femoral vessels requiring soft tissue coverage, and the reconstructive options are diverse. In this study we reviewed our experience with the use of the pedicled anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps in the reconstruction of large groin wounds. Methods Groin reconstructions performed over a period of 10 years were evaluated, with a mean follow up of two years. We included all cases with large or complex (involving perineum) defects, which were reconstructed with the pedicled anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous or the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flaps. Smaller wounds which were covered with skin grafts, locally based flaps and pedicled muscle flaps were excluded. Results Twenty-three reconstructions were performed for large or complex groin defects, utilising the anterolateral thigh (n=10) and the vertical rectus abdominis (n=13) pedicled musculocutaneous flaps. Femoral vein reconstruction with a prosthetic graft was required in one patient, and a combination flap (VRAM and gracilis muscle flap) was performed in another. Satisfactory coverage was achieved in all cases without major complications. No free flaps were used in our series. Conclusions The anterolateral thigh and vertical rectus abdominis pedicled musculocutaneous flaps yielded consistent results with little morbidity in the reconstruction of large and complex groin defects. A combination of flaps can be used in cases requiring extensive cover.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.591-596
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• 2009

Purpose: To reconstruct soft tissue defect on lower extremity especially combined with osteomyelitis, free flap with enough blood supplies is required. There are some instance when patients have inadequate recipient vessels for microanastomosis. Anastomosis with harvested vein graft can solve the problem. It may be more problematic or even increase recipient site complication. Cross leg free flaps using contra - lateral vessel can be a solution. Methods: From 2005 to 2008, 12 cases of cross leg free flap were done for 12 patients(male = 9, female = 3). External fixators used in all cases. Free flaps used were laissmus dorsi muscle flap(n=5), anterolateral thigh flap(n=4), gracilis muscle flap(n=2) and medial plantar artery fasciotaneous flap(n=1). In all cases, contralateral posterior tibial artery and vein were used as recipient pedicle. Results: All flaps survived without additional operative procedures. There were no complications such as hematoma or Infection. Sometimes patients needs further therapeutic exercise for fast movement recovery. Conclusion: Although cross leg free flaps require long period of bed resting and rehabilitation after pedicle cutting, It can be practical alternative for soft tissue defect on lower distal extremity with inadequate recipient vessels for free flap on affected leg.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.227-236
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• 1997

발꿈치는 신체의 다른부위에 비하여 엄청난 하중을 지탱하고 있으며, 주행시에는 막대한 전단력을 받으므로 그 재건에 있어서 어려운 점이 있다. 그 동안 발꿈치의 연부조직 결손을 재건하기 위한 많은 방법들이 개발되어 왔지만, 비교적 큰 발꿈치의 연부조직 결손을 재건하는 것은 아직도 쉬운 일이 아니다. 이처럼 큰 결손의 재건에는 주로 유리 피판술을 이용한 재건술을 사용하는데, 그 중에서도 광배근, 복직근, 대퇴박근 등의 근육을 이용하는 방법이 최근에 많이 이용되고 있다. 이와 같은 유리 근 피판에 피부이식을 이용하는 발꿈치 재건술은 표재성 감각기능을 재건하지 못하는 것이 단점으로 지적되고 있으나, 보행 또는 주행시 발꿈치에 가해지는 압력과 전단력을 효과적으로 견디어 낼 뿐아니라, 외관상으로도 정상에 가까운 발꿈치를 재건할 수가 있어서 좋은 방법으로 인정되고 있다. 특히, 대퇴박근은 피판을 비교적 쉽게 채취할 수 있고, 공여부에 기능적인 장애나 심한 변형을 남기지 않아서 좋은 방법이라 생각된다. 다만 크기가 비교적 작아서, 발등이나 족관절 상부에까지 이르는 광범위한 연부조직 결손에서는 사용할 수 없는 점이 아쉽다. 저자는 비교적 가늘고 긴, 대퇴박근의 형태적 특징을 최대한 이용하여, 결손부의 다양한 형태 및 크기에 따라 대퇴박근을 말발굽형, 나선형, S-자형 등으로 적절히 형상화하여 발꿈치 결손을 효과적으로 재건하는 방법을 고안하였다. 또한, 공여부에 긴 선상 반흔이 남는 것을 피하기 위하여 두 개의 작은 절개를 통해서 대퇴박근을 채취하였다. 이 방법을 이용하여 영남대학교 의과대학 성형외과학 교실에서는 1993년 이후부터 7명의 비교적 큰 발꿈치의 연부조직 결손 환자를 대상으로 유리 대퇴박근 피판술을 이용한 재건술로 성공적인 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

Free flap transplantation demands meticulous microsurgical technique to cover the exposed vital structures which is important to restore and maintain functions of the extremities. From July 1992 through December 2000, 99 patients were received reconstructive microsurgery in the upper and lower extremity at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital. The most common cause in the upper extremity was industrial accident, 8 cases of total 15 cases and in the lower extremity was traffic accident, 66 cases of total 84 cases. The most commonly involved site was thumb and finger, 8 cases of total 15 cases and in the lower extremity was leg, 65 cases of total 84 cases. In upper extremity, the wrap around free flap was carried out in 4 cases(4.0%), first dorsal metatarsal artery flap and lateral arm flap were 3 cases(3.0%) each in 15 cases and in lower extremity, latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap were 23 cases(23.2%), gracilis 20cases(20.2%), and rectus abdominis muscle flap 18(18.2%) in 84 cases. Overall 89 cases(89.9%) of 99 cases were survived and maintained and revealed good cosmetic results.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1997

전북대학교병원 정형외과에서 1992년 6월부터 1996년 5월까지 족부 손상 13례에 대하여 유리조직 이식술울 시행하고 만 1년이상 추시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1 손상 족부의 원인별로는 압궤손상이 9례, 족부 골수염 3례, 그리고 전기화상 1례 등 13례이었다. 2. 유리조직 이식술은 족배피판이 5례(38.5%), 박근 4례(30.7%), 복직근(15.4%), 고아배근피 이식술과 상환 피부판 이식술 각 1례 등 13례를 시행하였는데 부위별로는 족배부에 족배피판 4례와 박근 4례를 시행하였고, 발뒤꿈치의 후방에 광배근 피판 1례, 후외측에 족배피판 및 상완 피판 각 1례, 족부 후방과 족장부 동시 손상에 복직근 1례, 긔록 내측부 손상에 복직근 1례를 시행하였다. 2. 6례의 유리 근 이식술후 평균 20일만에 피부 이식술을 시행하였으며 괴사없이 도포되었다. 4. 유리조직 이시술을 시행한 13례 전례에서 생존하여, 6례에서 시행하였던 피부 이식술을 제외한 2차 술식없이 손상되었던 족부를 재건할 수 있었으며 유리조직의 신발신기 평가에서도 양호 이상의 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.176-183
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• 1999

전북대학교병원 정형외과에서 1993년 12월부터 1998년 9월까지 하지의 만성 골수염 7례에 대하여 유리 근 피판 이식술을 시행하고 최소 1년 2개월부터 최장 5년 3개월까지 추시하여 다음과 같은 임상적 결과를 얻었다. 1. 만성 골수염의 발생 부위는 경골이 4례, 종골 2례 그리고 대퇴골이 1례였다. 2. 만성 골수염의 지속 기간은 평균 31.6년이었다. 3. 전체 7례 중 1례에서 편평 상피암이 발병되었다. 4. 만성 골수염은 4례에서 혈행성 감염으로 초래되었고, 3례는 외상력이 있었는데 2례는 교통사고 그리고 1례는 경미한 외상이었다. 5. 치료는 부골 제거술과 유리 근 이식술을 시행하였던 예가 2례, 부골 제거술없이 유리 근 이식술을 시행한 예가 5례였다. 6. 전체 7례 중 6례에서 유리 근 이식술을 시행하였고 1례에서 유리 근피판 이식술을 시행하였는데 복직 근이 4례였고, 광배 피판, 광배 근피판 그리고 박근이 각각 1례씩이었으며 7례 중 6례(85.7%)에서 생존하였다. 7. 대퇴부에 시행하였던 광배 근피판 1례는 정맥이식술을 통한 단측 문합술을 시행하였으나 술 후 2일째부터 허혈성 변화를 일으켜 실패하였으며, 외상으로 인한 종골 1례에서는 복직근 이식술이 성공하였으나, 술 후 심한 외상성 족관절염으로 인한 극심한 통증으로 슬관절 하부 절단술이 시행되었다.