• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.64-75
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• 2018

A status of air traffic controller is a government officer and air traffic controllers who work at airport are divided by duty rating and work experience. Abiding by law, rules and regulation, air traffic controllers are working together based on mutual trust. This paper's theoretical background is based on cultural bias theory. The theory divide people group into four groups according to cultural bias such as fatalism, hierarchy, individualism and egalitarianism. A research model was designed how such four cultural bias could affect air traffic controller's risk response in case of emergency or abnormal situation during their work. Depend on empirical research, it was found that air traffic controllers perceived they had been more biased to fatalism than hierarchy. The characteristics of fatalism group are as follows: first of all, they follow rigid rules and regulation. However, they have less self-efficacy compared to other government officers. According to structural equation model, air traffic controller's fatalism had a significant negative effect on organizational royalty. Their royalty, however, had a very significant positive effect on planning response and immediate response.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 1998

The result of studying primary science education in Korea the first stage under CHOSUN Government General is as follows and it could be seen that it was managed under considerably different philosophy of education than that of the Ministry of Education, Japan. 1) Weekly 2 hours of 'science' were taught at 3rd and 4th grade of primary school. 2) CHOSUN Government General emphasized 'practicality' in the regulation of primary science education. 3) During the transitional period science text compiled by the office of education was revised and used. 4) First primary science text compiled by CHOSUN Government General was "Science Textbook for Commom School" (1913) and it was filled with sentences stimulating interest of students and at end of each chapter there were exercise problems.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to identify the key aspects of legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government. The European Union during the history of its existence has developed a set of standards on which the systems of local self-government of the European Union member states and applicants for this status are built. The complexity and at the same time the importance of legislative regulation of the functioning of this system is evidenced by the fact that the legislation and principles of international law used by the European Union in the field of local self-government are among the "youngest". This is due to the role played by local self-government in the development of a democratic political system, as well as the search for an optimal balance between centralization and decentralization. Thus, the main task of the study is to analyze the legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government. As a result of the study, current trends and prerequisites for the legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government were investigated.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.593-600
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• 2009

In Korea, the government has developed SEUMTER, an administration system for building related public service, to facilitate and promote the electronic submission and permission activities. SEUMTER is progressing legality system based on 2D drawing for building administration permission service. However, there are a lot of problems related to legality system owing to complexity of Korea regulation relation and structure, inefficiency of legality system based on 2D drawing, duplication examination of document (soliciting forms for civil affairs) and drawing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop legality system for building administration permission service based on BIM in Korea. To achieve this purpose, the authors have investigated permission procedure and regulation structure that is used in current building administration permission and suggested permission procedure and regulation structure for legality system based on BIM. In addition, the authors have investigated element technologies (for examples, method of structured regulation, BIM model checker, Viewer, etc) for legality system based on BIM. Finally, the authors have suggested strategy and hereafter direction for application of legality system based on BIM.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.15-32
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• 2014

This research empirically investigated the influence factors on the adoption of environmental management systems (EMS) in Korean manufacturing firms. In this study, the external factors (cause factors), the internal factors (facilitating factors) and the firm specific characteristics were integrally considered. In the factor analysis, the third item (regional society) of the external factors and the first item (environmental law) of government regulation were confounded with the items of the other factors. Thus, the confounded items were removed. In the second factor analysis, no items were replicated. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that the influence factors such as government regulation, normative pressure, top management support, environmental strategy and employees' recognition, and ratio of large shareholders have a significant impact on the construction of EMS. However, the effects of the other firm specific characteristics were not statistically significant. We also examined whether both the number of environmental personnel and the allocation of environmental resources, which are directly related with the adoption of EMS, have a moderating impact on the relationships between other internal factors and the construction of EMS. With a subgroup analysis, the moderating roles of the number of environmental personnel were empirically confirmed. Through a multiple regression analysis, the direct effects of the external factors on the adoption or construction of the internal factors were demonstrated. The effects of government regulation, normative pressure and imitative pressure on the internal factors were significant and positive. Finally, in this study, the fact that the adoption of EMS can improve the environmental performance of a firm was also empirically found.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2003

During the reign of King Kwangjong(光宗) in Goryeo(高麗) there was specific purpose to decide that the government officials should have worn their uniforms in four colors. The main purpose had been to establish new bureaucracy around royal authority. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze four coloured official uniform regulation(四色公服制) concerning the bureaucracy at the time.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.238-260
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• 1998

This article describes the theoretical foundations of government policy for hospitals in terms of correcting market failure and enhancing equity. It then discusses the characteristics that desirable payment systems should have, and the effects of the DRG-based prospective payment system on hospital behavior, its financial performance, hospital industry, and health care expenditure. The rationales and impacts of other public policies for hospitals such as antitrust and fair trade regulation, dissemination of practice guidelines and hospital mortality information, regulation of hospital capital investment, and tax policy are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.20-33
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• 2006

Changing of industry structure and development of traffic and telecommunications requires a change of the knowledge about the space where the human beings reside. Step by step the world is being divided into specified utility blocks. Today there is a limit that only one local government can compete with another region in the world. This study provides decision support tools with the use of GIS on the regional level for regions competition. GIS establishes regions and analyzes their geographic environment data, which will help in local-government problem solving and provide framework data for similar regions to become the community. The wide-area GIS application can present an objective and rational basis for regulation of inefficient investments and excessive competition between adjacent regions. The study area is Gangwon-do. Considering specific features of Gangwon-do which preserved high-quality environment resources, river basins were taken as a basis among natural regional elements. The main object of analysis conducted were the facts relevant to environmental regulation. The Gangwon-do consists of three regions in this study: Yongdong region, North-Hangang region and South-Hangang region. The analysis of each region regulation cases showed the following: in Youngdong region the forests regulation rate is high, in North-Hangang region the military installations protection sector's rate as well as regulation rate for water resources protection is relatively high, in South-Hangang region the forest and water resources regulation rate is high. The percentage of forests and water regulation rate appeared to be rather high in Gangwon-do, which means that the value of forest and water resources there is very high.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.3-24
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• 2017

The level of ICT in the country affects economic performance as a basic infrastructure that has a significant impact on the competitiveness of the country. With the proliferation of globalization, ICT-related economic activities such as electronic trade are becoming more active, and the importance of ICT in the country is increasing. This study sought to analyze the impact of ICT level on the economic performance of the nation by subdividing it into three dimensions: accessibility, usage, and utilization skill. In particular, we sought to find ways to effectively resolve the digital divide between developed and developing countries by analyzing the difference in economic impact of ICT level. Furthermore, we tried to verify whether the government regulation and firm's nature of competitive advantage in the international markets play a moderating role in the economic impacts of ICT in the country. As a result of panel analysis with data collected from ITU, WEF and World bank national ICT level has consistently significant influence on economic growth in terms of access and usage. In addition, it was confirmed that the competitive advantage of companies in developed countries and the government regulation in developing countries have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between ICT level and economic growth.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to systematically review the background of the Korean distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policies along with related regulations and policies. Research design, data, and methodology - Domestic distribution policy and relevant laws were examined through a review of existing research literature. The results of the development process of the domestic distribution policy, promotion policies, and adjustment policies are summarized below. Results - The results are summarized as follows. First, the purpose of the development of the domestic distribution promotion policy was to strengthen the competitiveness of the small and medium business industry through structural advancement of the small and medium industry. By expanding the managerial base for the small and medium industry, a new balance could be created in the national economy. There was a requirement for an early assistance policy for small and medium businesses as a base of these businesses in the distribution industry developed from their original model of catering to a traditional market of retail shops. Since 1996, there was a need for this early assistance policy due to the expansion and rapid growth of large scale stores causing a change in the consumption pattern for distribution markets and the decline of large enterprises. Second, the government supports small and medium business distribution through distribution promotion policies by supporting an organization promoting small business and supporting innovation in the distribution system. Third, in 1961 a business mediation system was established to protect small and medium industries. The Small and Medium Business Administration advises conglomerates to postpone acquisitions, restrain expansion of the business, or to reduce business scale if small businesses undergo an adverse effect such as decreasing demand because large companies are expanding into their areas. Fourth, the Distribution Adjustment Policy managed large-scale store regulation as follows: ① limitation on construction by urban planning ordinance, ② limitation on location based on traffic impact assessments, ③ regulation based on business guidelines by chiefs of autonomous bodies, ④ regulation on mandatory holidays and limitation of business hours. This large-scale store regulation is a policy introduced by authority to increase competitiveness of small and medium business distribution by the government. Conclusions - As discussed in this study, the distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policy are government distribution policies focused on the protection of the small and medium distribution businesses. This study is timely, since it was planned when the strengthening of the revisions of the Distribution Industry Development Act, aimed to protect small and medium retailers and merchants, was under discussion. The significance of this study is that it offers insights for the development of new policies in the future and an opportunity to consider the background of the distribution policy by the government.