• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2018

A status of air traffic controller is a government officer and air traffic controllers who work at airport are divided by duty rating and work experience. Abiding by law, rules and regulation, air traffic controllers are working together based on mutual trust. This paper's theoretical background is based on cultural bias theory. The theory divide people group into four groups according to cultural bias such as fatalism, hierarchy, individualism and egalitarianism. A research model was designed how such four cultural bias could affect air traffic controller's risk response in case of emergency or abnormal situation during their work. Depend on empirical research, it was found that air traffic controllers perceived they had been more biased to fatalism than hierarchy. The characteristics of fatalism group are as follows: first of all, they follow rigid rules and regulation. However, they have less self-efficacy compared to other government officers. According to structural equation model, air traffic controller's fatalism had a significant negative effect on organizational royalty. Their royalty, however, had a very significant positive effect on planning response and immediate response.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.67-77
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• 1998

The result of studying primary science education in Korea the first stage under CHOSUN Government General is as follows and it could be seen that it was managed under considerably different philosophy of education than that of the Ministry of Education, Japan. 1) Weekly 2 hours of 'science' were taught at 3rd and 4th grade of primary school. 2) CHOSUN Government General emphasized 'practicality' in the regulation of primary science education. 3) During the transitional period science text compiled by the office of education was revised and used. 4) First primary science text compiled by CHOSUN Government General was "Science Textbook for Commom School" (1913) and it was filled with sentences stimulating interest of students and at end of each chapter there were exercise problems.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to identify the key aspects of legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government. The European Union during the history of its existence has developed a set of standards on which the systems of local self-government of the European Union member states and applicants for this status are built. The complexity and at the same time the importance of legislative regulation of the functioning of this system is evidenced by the fact that the legislation and principles of international law used by the European Union in the field of local self-government are among the "youngest". This is due to the role played by local self-government in the development of a democratic political system, as well as the search for an optimal balance between centralization and decentralization. Thus, the main task of the study is to analyze the legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government. As a result of the study, current trends and prerequisites for the legislative support standards in the countries of the European Union in the field of building a system of local self-government were investigated.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.593-600
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• 2009

In Korea, the government has developed SEUMTER, an administration system for building related public service, to facilitate and promote the electronic submission and permission activities. SEUMTER is progressing legality system based on 2D drawing for building administration permission service. However, there are a lot of problems related to legality system owing to complexity of Korea regulation relation and structure, inefficiency of legality system based on 2D drawing, duplication examination of document (soliciting forms for civil affairs) and drawing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop legality system for building administration permission service based on BIM in Korea. To achieve this purpose, the authors have investigated permission procedure and regulation structure that is used in current building administration permission and suggested permission procedure and regulation structure for legality system based on BIM. In addition, the authors have investigated element technologies (for examples, method of structured regulation, BIM model checker, Viewer, etc) for legality system based on BIM. Finally, the authors have suggested strategy and hereafter direction for application of legality system based on BIM.

• 경영과학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.15-32
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• 2014

This research empirically investigated the influence factors on the adoption of environmental management systems (EMS) in Korean manufacturing firms. In this study, the external factors (cause factors), the internal factors (facilitating factors) and the firm specific characteristics were integrally considered. In the factor analysis, the third item (regional society) of the external factors and the first item (environmental law) of government regulation were confounded with the items of the other factors. Thus, the confounded items were removed. In the second factor analysis, no items were replicated. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that the influence factors such as government regulation, normative pressure, top management support, environmental strategy and employees' recognition, and ratio of large shareholders have a significant impact on the construction of EMS. However, the effects of the other firm specific characteristics were not statistically significant. We also examined whether both the number of environmental personnel and the allocation of environmental resources, which are directly related with the adoption of EMS, have a moderating impact on the relationships between other internal factors and the construction of EMS. With a subgroup analysis, the moderating roles of the number of environmental personnel were empirically confirmed. Through a multiple regression analysis, the direct effects of the external factors on the adoption or construction of the internal factors were demonstrated. The effects of government regulation, normative pressure and imitative pressure on the internal factors were significant and positive. Finally, in this study, the fact that the adoption of EMS can improve the environmental performance of a firm was also empirically found.

• 한국복식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복식학회 2003년도 International Costume Conference
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• pp.35-35
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• 2003

During the reign of King Kwangjong(光宗) in Goryeo(高麗) there was specific purpose to decide that the government officials should have worn their uniforms in four colors. The main purpose had been to establish new bureaucracy around royal authority. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze four coloured official uniform regulation(四色公服制) concerning the bureaucracy at the time.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.238-260
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• 1998

This article describes the theoretical foundations of government policy for hospitals in terms of correcting market failure and enhancing equity. It then discusses the characteristics that desirable payment systems should have, and the effects of the DRG-based prospective payment system on hospital behavior, its financial performance, hospital industry, and health care expenditure. The rationales and impacts of other public policies for hospitals such as antitrust and fair trade regulation, dissemination of practice guidelines and hospital mortality information, regulation of hospital capital investment, and tax policy are also discussed.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.20-33
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• 2006

산업 구조의 변화와 교통 통신의 발달은 인간이 거주하는 공간의 범위와 의미에 대한 정형화된 인식의 변화를 요구한다. 또한 세계는 점차 특화되고 기능화된 권역들로 블록화 되어 권역간의 경쟁구조를 형성하고 있다. 이 같은 현실에서 현재의 최소 행정단위인 기초자치단체의 행정력과 공간적 범위로 세계화 속에서 경쟁하기에는 그 한계가 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 광역적인 수준에서의 의사결정을 위한 도구로서 GIS를 활용하여, 공간적으로 인접하여 위치하며 유사한 환경적 특징을 지니는 지역들이 공동의 문제 해결과 차별화된 경쟁력을 확보할 수 있도록 기능적 권역을 설정하고, 이렇게 설정된 각 권역별 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 광역적 수준에서의 GIS 활용은 인접지역간의 비효율적 재정집행과 과다한 경쟁을 조율에 있어서 보다 개선된 객관성과 합리성을 제시할 수 있으며, 해당 지역들의 경쟁력 확보와 특화를 위한 광역자치단체 차원에서의 효율적인 예산집행과 계획수립을 가능케 한다. 대상지역인 강원도 지역의 권역설정 기준으로는, 자연환경이 상대적으로 큰 가치를 지니는 강원도의 특성과 수자원의 상대적 가치와 중요성을 고려하여, 자연적 지역구분의 요소 중 하나인 유역권을 기준으로 하였다. 그리고 이 연구에서는 유역권에 의하여 설정된 권역에 대하여, 환경과 관련된 여러 특징 중 지역의 경쟁력과 직접적인 관련이 있는 환경규제 현황을 그 분석 대상으로 하였다. 강원도 지역을 영동권역, 북한강권역, 남한강권역의 세 권역으로 구분하여 권역별 규제현황을 분석한 결과 북한강 권역은 군사시설 보호구역의 비율과 수자원 보호를 위한 규제비율이 상대적으로 높았고, 남한강 권역은 산림과 수자원관련 규제비율이 높았으며, 영동권역은 산림과 관련된 규제비율이 높았다. 강원도 지역의 경우 전반적으로 산림과 수자원에 관련된 규제비율이 높게 나타났다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.3-24
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• 2017

국가의 정보화 수준은 해당 국가의 경쟁력에 중요한 영향을 미치는 기본 인프라로써 경제성과에 영향을 미친다. 세계화의 확산과 함께 전자 무역 등 정보화 관련 경제활동이 점차 활발해 지며 국가 ICT의 중요성은 더욱 커지고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 정보화 수준을 접근, 이용 그리고 활용 능력 세 가지 차원으로 세분화하여 국가의 경제적인 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 특히, 국가의 경제발전 단계에 따라 정보화 수준의 경제적 영향력의 차이를 분석하여 선진국과 개발도상국의 국제 정보격차(digital divide)를 효과적으로 해소할 수 있는 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 나아가 정부의 규제와 각국의 기업이 갖는 국제시장에서 경쟁 우위의 원천이 국가의 ICT가 가져오는 경제적 영향력에 대하여 조절적 역할을 수행하는지 검증하고자 하였다. International Telecommunication Union(ITU)의 ICT development Index(IDI)와 World Economic Forum(WEF), World bank에서 데이터를 수집하여 패널분석을 실시한 결과, 국가의 정보화 수준은 접근과 활용 측면에서 경제성장에 일관되게 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 개발도상국의 경우 영향력이 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 정보화 수준과 경제성장의 관계에 대하여 선진국의 경우 기업의 경쟁우위가, 개발도상국의 경우 정부의 규제가 유의하게 조절효과를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과에 따른 시사점에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to systematically review the background of the Korean distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policies along with related regulations and policies. Research design, data, and methodology - Domestic distribution policy and relevant laws were examined through a review of existing research literature. The results of the development process of the domestic distribution policy, promotion policies, and adjustment policies are summarized below. Results - The results are summarized as follows. First, the purpose of the development of the domestic distribution promotion policy was to strengthen the competitiveness of the small and medium business industry through structural advancement of the small and medium industry. By expanding the managerial base for the small and medium industry, a new balance could be created in the national economy. There was a requirement for an early assistance policy for small and medium businesses as a base of these businesses in the distribution industry developed from their original model of catering to a traditional market of retail shops. Since 1996, there was a need for this early assistance policy due to the expansion and rapid growth of large scale stores causing a change in the consumption pattern for distribution markets and the decline of large enterprises. Second, the government supports small and medium business distribution through distribution promotion policies by supporting an organization promoting small business and supporting innovation in the distribution system. Third, in 1961 a business mediation system was established to protect small and medium industries. The Small and Medium Business Administration advises conglomerates to postpone acquisitions, restrain expansion of the business, or to reduce business scale if small businesses undergo an adverse effect such as decreasing demand because large companies are expanding into their areas. Fourth, the Distribution Adjustment Policy managed large-scale store regulation as follows: ① limitation on construction by urban planning ordinance, ② limitation on location based on traffic impact assessments, ③ regulation based on business guidelines by chiefs of autonomous bodies, ④ regulation on mandatory holidays and limitation of business hours. This large-scale store regulation is a policy introduced by authority to increase competitiveness of small and medium business distribution by the government. Conclusions - As discussed in this study, the distribution promotion policy and distribution adjustment policy are government distribution policies focused on the protection of the small and medium distribution businesses. This study is timely, since it was planned when the strengthening of the revisions of the Distribution Industry Development Act, aimed to protect small and medium retailers and merchants, was under discussion. The significance of this study is that it offers insights for the development of new policies in the future and an opportunity to consider the background of the distribution policy by the government.