• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.335-359
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• 2009

This study explores the IT governance structures of the Korean conglomerates. It investigates IT organization structures, decision making frameworks and processes, communication channels, implementation mechanisms, and performance evaluation methods around IT activities of the Korean conglomerates by analyzing four different cases. The results show that all of the conglomerates have an IT service firms as one of their subsidiaries, and all the subsidiaries in the conglomerates outsource their IT divisions to the IT service firms, The client firms in the conglomerates operate IT strategy and planning teams to coordinate their IT activities with their outsourcing partners. The IT governance archetype of the Korean conglomerates is found to be "business monarchy" because the client firms mostly make IT decisions. However, the IT service firms provide the information of IT trends and solutions to their clients, so the IT governance archetype of input framework for IT decisions can be "IT monarchy". In addition, the conglomerate which has the more centralized IT governance architecture appears to prefer the more integrated implementation mechanisms for IT decisions. The results of this study are expected to be used as a benchmarking model for the organizations which try to develop an effective IT governance structure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.04b
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• pp.25-27
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• 2008

This paper discusses the implications of the MASTER SPEC project and its introduction to Korea in terms of social and political contexts. The motives for this report starts from both theoretical and empirical puzzles. Its theoretical motive is concerned to the right form of governance of electric-construction standardardization. Upon the experience of the United States and many European countries, we have acknowledged the role of government in the setting of industrial policy formats and standardization. However, the mechanisms of industrial governance have greatly changed these days, from the centralized one to the participatory one. We call the latter type governance. The form of governance implies the participation of both public and private actors in the policy-making of industrial matters. We have sought to find a better format in the case of electric-construction field. The answer is: the governance initiated by the private actors rather than the government-centered one. The project of MASTER SPEC, in this sense, has many probable implications toward the standard-setting of future industrial managements in Korea.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2018

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the current state of governance structure and management of the health system to achieve the goals of the health system in South Korea, and to propose reform plan. This study drew implications from the governance of United Kingdom, Germany, and Netherlands, based on the principle of health system proposed by World Health Organization. The presidency and the health ministry should make macroscopic decision-making. The government has to decentralize the enforcement by municipality to operate public health and national health insurance (NHI), and to distribute the centralized NHI fund by municipality. The front line health centers and community centers should provide integrated health and social services. The government has to establish diversified regulatory bodies to enhance both the patient-centered care and the efficiency and equity of health care, and to provide mechanisms for ensuring autonomy of providers. The governance of the health system should be composed of the centralization of macro decision-making, the decentralization of implementation by municipality, the integration of health and social services on the front line, and the well-balanced regulation and autonomy on both consumers and suppliers.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.223-236
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• 2019

Governance can be defined as a concept that encompasses a series of processes including partner selection as well as control and coordination of collaboration to achieve common goals. The study examined efforts to mitigate the risks of opportunistic behaviors into partner selection, partner relationship, control mechanism, and conflict management. For cases that have achieved commercialization outputs with the participation of SMEs, data was collected and analyzed such as interviews with project managers and case records for seven months from October 2016. According to the analysis result, as the complexity increases, such as multilateral cooperation for the development of finished products, cooperation with a trusted partner rather than a partner who can perform a task well was preferred, and the process control was put ahead of the output control. Regarding the partner relationship, the relationship between the owner and the agent differed according to the point of view, and there was a lack of clear allocation of authority and responsibility as well as a reward for the result. In terms of the conflict management, most emphasis was on resolving conflicts or difficulties, and no attempt was made to utilize the positive aspects of the conflict. The structure of most industry-university-institute cooperation organizations is simply composed of the host and participating organizations, and the management regulations should be amended for companies, that put actual funds and use the outputs, to have the authority and responsibility as the owners, and be allowed to use the governance elements appropriately to take the lead as consumers.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.51-67
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• 2012

In recent years, research has begun to place greater emphasis on the strategic use of IT in seeking to build firm's capability, thus innovating firm's business value. Many leading firms have been put efforts to formulate and implement IT governance (ITG) structures, processes, and mechanisms for firm's IT activities. However, recent literatures reviews found that ITG framework have been discussed independently rather than in an integrated and on convergent manner failing to provide comprehensive conceptual framework. The objective of this paper is therefore, to develop a conceptual framework that enable to conduct a comparative ITG case studies. The proposed framework, developed by one of author, has extensively applied in real case study to validate its usefulness and also aims to contribute practitioners to understand how well IT principles are formed within the organization as well as corelate with ITG objectives and ITG execution.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2013

This study intended to develop an integrated governance model and find measures to manage nonpoint source (NPS) pollutions in watershed management. To reach this goal, this study has analyzed NPS pollution management policies in Korea and has employed statistical methods such as expert Delphi survey, analysis of variance, and factor analysis. As a result, this study has found that the favored basic organization form was a private-public cooperative council. The necessary governance-based NPS pollution management measures determined through this study are as follows: to build collaboration mechanisms including those related to motivation provision, trust building, capacity building, and making optimal regulations; to employ financial resources based on principles such as 'polluter-pays', 'recipient-pays', and 'general-tax-source'; and to develop several programs, including system improvement, pilot and management projects, and publicity.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2022

This research has been conducted to find answers to the questions of how projects that support local businesses work in areas undergoing gentrification and what are the achievements and limitations of these projects, based on the case studies of Brixton Pound and Pop Brixton supporting local businesses in Brixton in the London borough of Lambeth. To this end, this study collected data through interviews with local businesses belonging to each project and analysed them based on prior research on the projects, evaluation reports, and articles in the media. It began by investigating the supporting mechanisms of projects that support local businesses in the area, and then analysed and evaluated the projects' contribution to local businesses and the impact on the local community according to these mechanisms. The two projects in the case study showed contrasts in their support mechanisms, governance, and the role of Lambeth Council, and the local businesses' evaluations of the projects' support differed depending not only on the support mechanism of each project but also on business type and perceptions of the impact of gentrification.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.15-24
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• 2016

Purpose - Key account management is a supplier company initiated relational approach that has received great attention from both academics and practitioners manifested in the business-to-business relationship literatures. However, there is widespread debate and contention on what should be the underlying theoretical base for defining this vital part of relationship marketing. With the insights from the social exchange theory, present paper explores how social exchange affects the dynamic nature of key account management relationship at the organizational level. Research design, data, and methodology - The paper follows a comprehensive review approach to examine the relationship between social exchange theory and key account management approach. Conceptual arguments and findings are assessed across studies with the main objective of showing how social exchange theory develops the governance mechanism in maintaining the key account relationship. Results - Since relational norm is considered as a glue for the maintenance of buyer-seller relationship in social exchange theory, factors develop the non-contractual governance mechanism 'relationship' in business-to-business relationship and this norm replaces or supplements more formal governance mechanisms such as contracts are explored. Conclusions - This paper advances central relational norm to manage the company's most important key customers and demonstrates how this norm can be developed in buyer-seller key account relationship. Implications from this new perspective are forwarded.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.861-872
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• 2021

This study examines the relationship between board characteristics and capital structure. Data was collected from the annual reports of listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand, from 2015 to 2017, which totaled 1,264 firm-year observations. The study uses multiple regression analysis to analyses the data by using independent variables, including board size, outside directors, managerial ownership, CEO duality, frequency of board meetings, board experience, and gender to measure board characteristics and the total debt ratio for capital structure. Research findings show that the more independent the directors are, the lower the cost of debt financing is, as they control the management team more strictly about debt financing than directors with less independence do. Additionally, the results reveal that the higher the percentage of managerial ownership, the higher the level of leverage and debt financing, whereas board size and board meetings have a negative relationship to capital structure. Further research showed that firm size, growth opportunities and corporate governance rating all had a positive significant impact on capital structure. The findings of this study suggest that the presence of proper corporate governance leads to better funding mechanisms as it ensures that the company is in a better position to obtain external funding.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.57-66
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• 2021

The outbreak of the financial crisis, the lack of corporate governance practices in Iraqi companies, the high level of earnings management (EM), and weak firm performance (FP) have all encouraged the purpose of this study. This study proposes to achieve the following objectives: (I) to investigate the influence of governance mechanisms on the earnings management practices, (II) to investigate the consequence of EM on FP. The study sample includes 65 Iraqi firms listed on the Iraqi stock exchange for six years from 2012 to 2018, with 390 firm-year observations. The hypotheses were tested using panel data regression. According to the findings, Iraqi companies prefer to use real EM rather than accruals EM to avoid reporting losses. Discretionary cash flow, production costs, and cash flow from operation are examples of actual operations employed to undertake EM. Furthermore, according to the findings of this study, board meeting frequency and female onboard have a significant and negative influence on EM. Besides, the internal audit function was found not to affect EM. On the other hand, results revealed a significant and negative relationship between EM and FP. According to the study, management prefers to minimize cash and accrual expenditure during the economic downturn.