• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' perceptions of life-sustaining treatment decisions and "a good death" affect attitudes toward terminal care. Method : Participants included 109 ICU nurses from three university hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, and collected data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, the $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and a multiple regression analysis (SPSS 24.0 program). Results : Perceptions of life-sustaining treatment decisions and a sense of closeness (a constituent for the awareness of "a good death") were positively correlated with terminal care attitudes. The factors affecting terminal care attitudes were a clinical career in ICU (${\beta}=.20$, p =.035), a sense of closeness(${\beta}=.19$, p =.041), and the perception of a life-sustaining treatment decision (${\beta}=.22$, p =.017). This finding indicates that more than 10 years of experience in ICU, a greater sense of closeness, and a higher view of life-sustaining treatment decisions results in more positive attitudes toward terminal care. The explanatory power of these variables on terminal care attitudes was 14% (F=6.84, p < .001, Adj $R^2=.140$). Conclusion : A sense of closeness and the perception of life-sustaining treatment decisions were identified as the factors affecting terminal care attitudes. Thus, various programs must be developed to raise awareness among ICU nurses of "a good death" and perceptions of life-sustaining treatment decisions.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.227-237
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students' knowledge and attitude toward advance directives and factors influencing the attitude. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used and 196 nursing students participated in the study. Data were collected from July 1 to August 30, 2018 using a structured questionnaire which included biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score of biomedical ethics, awareness of good death, knowledge and attitude toward advance directives were $2.88{\pm}0.59$, $3.18{\pm}0.48$, $7.68{\pm}31.32$, $31.00{\pm}3.09$. Factors influencing the attitude toward advance directives were awareness of good death (${\beta}=.28$, p<.001), intention of writing their advance directives (${\beta}=.19$, p=.006), the knowledge related to advance directives (${\beta}=.15$, p=.029). A total of 14% of attitude toward advance directives was explained by awareness of good death, the knowledge related to advance directives, and ntention of writing their advance directives. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that it is necessary to provide a systemic education program regarding advance directives for nursing students in order to provide knowledge related to advance directives and to help them establish positive attitudes toward advance directives.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.688-699
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• 1999

This study was to find out the perceptions of toward death and caring behavior of lay persons in one community : One Island in Puan County, Chonbuk. The methodology of this study was ethnography. For this study, the fieldwork was conducted from October 1997 to July 1998. Data collected by in-depth interview and participant observations. The participants consisted fo were 17 persons of both sexes. The key informants were four specific people. The result of this study is as follows ; The people perceived two different kinds of death. Normal death, which means death from old age. The person was respected as an ancestor God and was believed to exist forever with their offspring. Abnormal death was regarded as negative, many had fears toward this kind of death. The causes of abnormal death were supernatural phenomena and had absolute holy meanings. Whether death was good or bad, the death was not personal, but collective events as family or community affairs and was interpreted as death and birth for their offsprings. Funeral rites were family-centered and/or com munity-centered. They did normal procedures for normal deaths for abnormal deaths, there were many protective ceremonies(BuJungMagi : the prevention of the taboo of uncleanliness) for the remaining people. These ceremonies combined confucism and shamanism. Caring behavior for dying persons was ruled as community-centered, reciprocal and reality-centered principles.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2010

Purpose: The purposes of this study was to compare the meaning in life and death attitude between the participants and nonparticipants of the well-dying education program. Methods: This study adopted the descriptive comparative design. Data were collected by interviewing 85 participants and 94 non-participants of well-dying education. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire. Results: There were significant differences in age, gender, marital status, health status, and volunteer experience. The program participants showed higher scores in the death attitude than non-participants. There were significant correlations between meaning in life and death attitude in participant group. Death attitude was significantly associated with meaning in life in participant group with 6.0% variance. Conclusion: Based on the results, well-dying education program was effective to prepare good death with more comprehensive vision. Therefore, this program should be served for patient with life-threatening illness by nurse and this is the expended role of oncology and hospice palliative nurses.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2019

본 연구는 의료종사자의 생명의료윤리 의식, 좋은 죽음 인식과 자아존중감이 사전의료의향서에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향요인을 살펴보고자 수행되었다. 본 연구의 참여자는 Y시에 있는 3개 종합병원에 근무하는 의료종사자 292명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료수집은 2019년 4월 2일부터 4월 23일까지 실시하였고, 자료분석은 SPSS Statistics 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression을 하였다. 다중 회귀분석 결과 사전의료의향서에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 사전의료의향서 인식, 사전의료의향서 작성여부, 사전의료의향서 작성 시기, 좋은 죽음 인식이었으며 이들의 설명력은 23.5%(F=12.39, P=.000)로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 의료종사자의 좋은 죽음 인식에 대한 교육을 제공함으로써 사전의료의향서에 대한 올바른 태도확립을 위한 중재 프로그램 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2018

Patients with advanced cancer cope with various issues, especially psychological symptoms, such as anxiety about death. Previous research from various countries indicates that most advanced cancer patients perceive distress before death, which means they cannot accept death peacefully. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with death acceptance of Thai patients with advanced cancer. The participants were 242 adult patients with advanced cancer from three tertiary hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand. The research instruments consisted of 7 questionnaires: a personal information questionnaire, the death anxiety questionnaire, Buddhist beliefs about death questionnaire, the unfinished task questionnaire, general self-efficacy scale, family relationship questionnaire, and death acceptance scale. These instruments were tested for their content validity by a panel of experts. All instruments except the first one were tested for reliability, and their Cronbach's alpha coefficient were .86, .72, .74, .74, .89, and .70, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, Point-biserial correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that a total of 42% of variance of death acceptance among Thai patients with advanced cancer was explained by death anxiety, Buddhist beliefs about death, and self-efficacy. Knowing these factors provides further information for nurses to help patients to cope with their death. From this crucial knowledge, nurses can develop interventions in decreasing or controlling anxiety about death, promoting Buddhist beliefs about death, and enhancing self-efficacy of advanced cancer patients. Therefore, a better quality of life and good death can be achieved.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.513-522
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and understand nurses' experiences of the death of patients in geriatric hospitals. Methods: Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological analysis was applied in the interpretation of experiential descriptions of seven nurses who had experienced the death of patients in a geriatric hospital. Results: The essential subjects derived from the experience of the nurses on the death of patients in a geriatric hospital are covered in the following 7 themes. 'Placed in death site', 'Difficult repetition of death and farewell', 'Emotional waves that rushes in after farewell', 'Dilemmas in a place with no preparation to greet expected death', 'Getting dull from continually being struck with sorrow', 'Being together with living death', and 'Showing courtesy for a good farewell and living well'. Conclusion: The results of this research will contribute to the development of policy on all the deaths of patients in geriatric hospitals and suggest basic data that need to be applied in real practice and directions to introduce plans for realistic improvements in nursing care of deathbed patients in geriatric hospitals.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this methodological study was to examine the validity and reliability of a translated Korean version of Templer's death anxiety scale among older adults. Methods: The translated Korean scale was administered to 203 older people who aged over 65 years. Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to assess the factor structure of the scale. Internal consistency of the scale was determined using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and Guttman's split-half coefficient. Results: Factor loadings of the scale ranged from .43 to .86. The scale showed good internal consistencies of both total scale (13 items, ${\alpha}=.83$) and three sub-scales: meaning of death (6 items, ${\alpha}=.77$), death-related event (5 items, ${\alpha}=.72$), and time of death (2 items, ${\alpha}=.80$). The concurrent validity compare with Fear of Death Scale was significant. The Cronbach's alpha and Guttman's split-half coefficient were .83 and .80, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that the Korean version of Templer's death anxiety scale had satisfactory validity and reliability to measure death anxiety among Korean older people.

• 철학연구
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• 제130권
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• pp.161-186
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• 2014

웰빙'(well being)과 함께 최근 '웰다잉'(well dying)에 대한 사회적 관심이 '안락사'(安樂死) 문제를 계기로 촉발되어 인간 죽음의 존엄성에 대한 중요한 담론으로 대두되고 있다. '웰다잉'(well dying)은 그 어의대로 '좋은 죽음'을 의미하며, 이런 의미적 맥락의 연장선상에서 통상적으로 '준비된 죽음', '품위 있는 죽음', '아름다운 죽음'을 지칭한다. 본고에서 논자는 '죽음'을 교학의 출발점으로, 그리고 '죽음의 극복'을 교학의 종착점으로 삼고 있는 불교의 죽음관이 웰다잉에 대한 담론에 어떠한 기여를 할 수 있는지 면밀히 고찰하였다. 불교의 죽음에 대한 태도와 해석, 그리고 그 극복의 과정은 웰다잉에 대한 보다 풍부한 담론을 형성하는 단초가 되며, 특히 죽음의 극복을 육체적 생리적 영생으로서가 아닌 정신적 심리적 현상으로 해석하고 이러한 정신적 심리적 변화를 통한 사물의 진실상(眞實相)에 대한 깨달음[정각(正覺)]을 통해서 죽음을 극복하는 불교의 견해는 죽음불안의 극복 및 죽음교육에 많은 기여를 할 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.759-767
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• 1996

This study was done to provide an understanding of nursing in relation to the existential philosophy of the West and Buddhistic philosophy, It examined how human beings and death are interpreted and understood in existential philosophy as well as in Buddhistic philosophy. Then the study suggested that nursing should focus on helping the sufferer to find meaning and a sense of responsibility in his or her existence. When people have the opportunity to realize certain important but painful truths about their existence, they develop internal strength and control of their lives. Just as people learn to face their being, so can they come to terms with their non-being. According to the causal process in Buddhism, Human Being is not always annihilation of self. Therefore, birth, aging, disease and death go through the process of natural change and it is the appearance of human existence which is inherent in the health of every human being. To promote our health we must gain an insight about this phenomenon. This study viewed nurses' clients as 〈good friend〉 rather than 〈patient〉 which focuses on a disease-oriented concept. The concept of 〈good friend〉 views nurses' clients as active participants to create their life and as responsible persons in a constantly changing life. The study also examined the concept of recovery which means to come back to the previous healthy state and it suggested that the concept of recovery should be changed to 〈good change〉, because in existential philosophy, human beings are viewed as never going back to the past but moving on to the future by creating their existence. This study also suggested that nursing should help 〈good friend〉enlighten their existence to be free from pain and death and to get control over their existence.