• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.7
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• pp.79-93
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• 2013

In the Korean literature, records of systematic gold thread manufacturing such as gold foil(金 箔匠), gold foil bonded with fabrics(付金匠), gold foil bonded with paper materials(金箋紙匠), refining gold(鍊金匠), cutting gold(裁金匠), and making gold thread(絲金匠) can be easily found. We can infer from these literatures that the Korean people used to make gold threads. However, is not existent the gold thread making technique. Thus, a research was done using 67 pieces of gold thread artifacts used in textiles craft of Korea, China and Japan. The purpose of this research was to identify the characteristics of the Korean gold thread by studying the artifacts' form classification, gold foil, glue and the base. First, gold thread is divided into flat gold thread and wrapped gold thread. Wrapped gold thread was made in more various methods such as with a paper on the flat gold thread, metal thread and wrapped gold thread with gold foil on top. Compared to the flat gold thread, wrapped gold thread uses a thread that has a thinner and wider. Through this analysis, even making of the base of the gold threads was different according to the type. Secondly, we looked into the characteristics of materials according to form structure of the gold thread. After analysis of experiment results, we could know that to attach Korean gold thread, glue and the mixture of materials such as Red soil(朱土) was also added. The kinds of the base of gold threads were identified as paper, leather and intestines. Among those materials, for paper, Korea's Dakji, China's Sangpiji(桑皮紙) and Jukji(竹紙) and Japan's Anpiji(雁皮紙) seemed to have all been used, so because of the difference among countries, we can prove that Korea has also produced gold thread. By looking at the research, the base of gold threads and making features hugely vary according to the area.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.88-97
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• 2014

For the purpose of reproduction of traditional gold thread, the artifact investigation was organized for 70 cases (109 pieces) of relics from Korea, China and Japan. In most cases, the main backside material of gold thread from Korea was the bast fibers from paper mulberry. In this study, the optimum sheet-making of Hanji for gold thread reproduction was tried by controlling several process factors of Hanji such as the cooking and beating time of paper mulberry fibers, the number of sheet-making ply, and converting method (Dochim). Tensile index, folding endurance and compressive strength of Hanji showed differences according to the correlation between cooking and beating time, and application of converting method (Dochim), while bending stiffness fell with decrease of thickness. These results can be applied to consider manufacturing factors to make Hanji for the production of gold thread.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 2001

Statement of problem. There have been previous studies about instability according to screw material by means of calculating preload in tightening screw or recording of the torque necessary to loosen screw after tightening screw. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate screw joint stability through the analysis of fitness at the mating thread surfaces between implant and screw after tightening screws made of different materials. Material and methods. In this study, screws were respectively used to secure a cemented abutment to a hexlock implant fixture; teflon coated titanium alloy screw and titanium alloy screw(Steri-Oss), gold-plated gold-palladium alloy screw and titanium alloy screw(Implant Innovation), gold screw and titanium screw(AVANA Dental Implant System). Each abutment screw was secured to the implant with recommended torque value using a digital torque controller. Each screw was again tightened after 10minutes. All samples were cross sectioned with sandpaper and polished. Then samples were evaluated with an scanning electron microscope analysis. Results. In titanium alloy screw, irregular contact and relatively large gap was present at mating thread surface. Also in teflon-coated titanium screw, incomplete seating and only partially contact was present at the mating thread surface. In gold-plated gold-palladium alloy screw, relatively close and tight contact without the presence of large gap was present by existing of gold coating at the mating thread surfaces. In gold alloy screw, relatively small gap between the mating components was seen. Conclusions. This result suggested that gold plated gold-palladium alloy screw and gold alloy screw achieved a greater degree of contact at the mating thread surfaces compared to titanium alloy screw and teflon-coated titanium alloy screw.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.113-128
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• 2013

Those records indicate that Jik-geum Hyoong-bae fabric was imported from China and its period was during the fourteen and fifteen century. Gold threads used in three Jik-geum Hyoong-bae artifacts were all wrapped gold thread and gold thread of Danryeong from Young-dukdong, Yong-in, did not have a base, but instead the gold foil itself was attached to the silk cord. Such form of artifact had never been discovered before in Korea. Wrapped gold thread of Seoknamdong's basis was presumably bamboo paper. Three Jik-geum Hyoong-bae have the same weave structure. The ground is woven in a warp-faced 5-end satin weave. The pattern is brocaded with supplementary gold wefts. Supplementary gold wefts are composed of 1/4 twill binding by the odd number pairs of warps within every group of 10 pairs of warps. All of the Jik-geum Hyoong-bae textile were designed and weaved according to the overlapped collared costume's structure. This is also known as 'Jik-seong-pil-ryo'. One symmetric collared jacket excavated in Seok-namdong, Incheon, only has the right half of Hyoong-bae in the front. This is because symmetric collared jacket was made from overlapped collared costume. Tiger and peacock are the main patterns of Jik-geum Hyoong-bae which have realistic and free screen composition and this shows a huge difference to the later generation's standardized Hyoong-bae pattern.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-93
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to explore research trends in gold implantation therapy performed on the animal and human body, through a review of clinical studies focused on gold thread, gold needle and gold bead. Methods : Medical databases, including Pubmed, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, RISS4u, KISTI, OASIS and KTKP, were searched for relevant articles published from their launch to December 31, 2015 using the key word 'gold' with '$thread^*$', '$needle^*$', '$acupuncture^*$', '$wire^*$', '$bead^*$', '$embed^*$', '$implant^*$', or '$insert^*$'. The results were classified into in vivo studies, clinical trials and clinical reports. Analysis of the results was conducted in several research areas, from the identity of studies such as nationality and published year, to the gold preparations-features and implanted locations and to the outcomes that reflect the clinically favorable or adverse effect of gold implantation therapy. Results : A total of 30 studies including 11 in vivo studies, 4 clinical trials and 15 case reports, were found in the search. We observed certain research trends according to the research time, nationality and target indication of the studies. The studies primarily revealed a chronic local inflammatory response which could be a useful mechanism for pain-relief in musculoskeletal diseases and facial rejuvenation. Researches concerning long-term reactions or adverse effects were rare. Conclusion : The results show that the efforts to discover the level of clinical efficacy of gold implantation therapy were steady and worldwide. However, further researches on the longterm effect, and more importantly, the safety of gold implantation therapy are required.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.307-315
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• 2014

The gold textile is Korean traditional weaving technique using the gold thread since 5th century. The making technique of gold thread was written in various references, but it is severed because the gold thread weaving equipment and sumptuous moods were forbidden in the early 18th century. There are some studies of traditional gold thread which are mainly about conservation treatment of cleaning and strength. To restore traditional gold thread, investigation of material and manufacturing technique is vitally required. The gold threads are composed of gold leaf, adhesive and base sheet. Gold leaf and base sheet are available for investigation because they are exposed to the surface, whereas adhesive is not easy to investigate because it is not exposed to the surface. In this study, samples are made of pure and impure gold, animal glue and lacquer, and various types of Hanji based on domestic and foreign references to compare materials for gold threads. As a result of morphological character and stability evaluation, the optimum materials for the restoration of gold threads are pure gold, animal glue and Dochimji(smoothing paper by beating). This study is expected to be basic data for manufacturing gold threads techniques and modernization of traditional gold threads hereafter research.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 2022

Gold thread therapy (GTT) continuously stimulates acupoints and is used to treat chronic conditions/diseases such as chronic lumbar pain. During the procedure gold thread is embedded into the skin and although gold thread is medically pure, GTT is an irreversible treatment where there is limited evidence on its safety. Here, we report a case of a 79-year-old woman being treated for low back pain who developed side effects following moving cupping therapy at a site of GTT (performed in the 1970s). Adverse reactions causing radiating pain persisted more than at least 9 days following moving cupping therapy. The symptoms of pain were evaluated using the numerical rating scale, and changes in tenderness and the state of bruising was recorded. Low back pain improved but the radiating low leg pain did not improve. This case highlights the need for caution when performing moving cupping therapy where GTT has been previously performed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.764-771
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• 2013

The metal component of Chinese and Korean traditional gold thread was analyzed nondestructively using P-XRF and classified morphologically. In the nondestructive analysis of 22 Chinese and Korean artifacts, there were 10 gold threads made up of Au in China and 7 in Korea; in addition, there were 4 silver threads made up of Ag in Korea and 1 copper thread made up of Cu in China. In the morphological classification, 7 gilt paper strips were confirmed in China and Korea and 4 wrapped threads were identified in China and Korea. Zn, Sn and Fe (minor components of the threads) were detected. These components were assumed to be transferred from the metal found in burial goods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1162-1174
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• 2010

Excavated gold brocade, often shows signs of serious damage and contamination from environmental factors such as exposure to soil or human remains. Therefore, most of the conservation procedures are focused on the consolidation of the gold thread and on cleaning with water or organic solvents. Indiscreet cleaning using solvents could damage the gold leaf, which identifies the features of fabric. There is a need to develop cleaning protocols appropriate for relics through the careful analysis of the condition of the relics. This study finds the appropriate cleaning method for the excavated gold brocade. Four different cleaning methods, vacuum cleaning, kneaded rubber eraser cleaning, immersion wet cleaning, and absorption wet cleaning were applied to the excavated gold brocade. The degree of cleaning and damage were examined depending on the cleaning methods, changes to the physical condition (before and after cleaning) were also analyzed through the surface observation. Although immersion cleaning showed the best cleaning result, this method had a risk of damage to the gold thread. Absorption wet cleaning safely eliminated the various soluble contaminants and the rotten smell of relics. Kneaded rubber eraser was suitable for the excavated gold brocade fabric because it can be applied to selective parts, intentionally excluding some sensitive parts such as the gold thread. The vacuum cleaning method required special attention because of a possibility of suctioning off loosely attached gold leaf. Dual cleaning, the kneaded rubber eraser cleaning, followed by the absorption cleaning was the most effective method to preserve and clean excavated gold brocade.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.42-45
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• 2012

Background : Conservative techniques designed to block or delay the aging process have been utilized in various ways for many years. However, their effects can be relatively minimal and short-term in most cases compared to surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gold thread implantation for the treatment of periorbital wrinkles. Methods : A total of 78 consecutive patients who showed mild to severe periorbital wrinkles were deemed appropriate candidates, including 69 women and 9 men ranging from 31 to 59 years (mean, 47 years). Six gold threads about 4 cm in length were inserted subdermally in each patient at intervals of about 0.5 cm. Follow-up assessments were performed 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the procedure. The efficacy was rated by the physician using the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and patients who made global assessments of changes in periorbital wrinkles using the Visual Analog Scale. Adverse events were monitored throughout the course of the study. Results : The patients showed significant improvements after the procedure. There were minor complications such as foreign body sensation in the eye (2.63%) and eye pain (1.32%) that improved spontaneously without any specific treatments. Conclusions : Subdermal implantation of gold thread improves the appearance of periorbital wrinkles and does not appear to have serious side effects. Insertion of gold thread may be an effective and safe method for facial rejuvenation.