• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.230-235
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• 2013

Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from Korean native cattle and dairy cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Busan area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Busan area from March in 2011 to October in 2012. A total of 863 Korean native cattle of 213 farms were tested by ELISA method. The 287 (33.3%) Korean native cattle of 119 (55.9%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 234 (33.6%) out of 696 cows in Kijang-gun, 35 (39.3%) out of 89 cows in Gangseo-gu and 15 (20.8%) out of 72 cows in Geumjeong-gu were positive. In sexual analysis, 277 (33.6%) out of 824 cows in Female and 10 (25.6%) out of 39 cows in Male were positive. In aga-related analysis, 13 (22.4%) out of 58 cows in 1 year, 33 (32.0%) out of 103 cows in 2 years, 87 (34.1%) out of 255 cows in 3 years, 118 (36.6%) out of 322 cows in 4 years, 21 (36.8%) out of 57 cows in 5 years, 8 (29.6%) out of 27 cows in 6 years, 6 (31.6%) out of 19 cows in 7 years and 1 (4.5%) out of 22 cows in 8-11 years were positive.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1984

This macroscopic observation was performed to investigate the aortic arch and their branches of the Korean native goat. Ten Korean native goats with black hairs ranging in body weight from 15 to 20kg were used. The findings were based on the latex cast of the vessels made by injection of neoprene latex. The results obtained were as follow; 1. The aortic arch of the Korean native goat gave off only one vessel, the Truncus brachiocephalicus. 2. The Truncus brachiocephalicus gave off the A. subclavia sinistra, the A. subclavia dextra and the Truncus bicaroticus. 3. The A. subclavia sinistra gave off the Truncus costocervicalis, the A. cervicalis superficialis and the A. thoracica interna, and continued as the A. axillaris sinistra. 4. The Truncus costocervicalis sinistra arose from the A. subclavia sinistra in all cases and gave off the A. scapularis dorsalis suprema and the A. cervicalis profunda, and continued as the A. vertebralis sinistra. 5. The branching pattern of the A. subclavia dextra was similar to that of the A. subclavia sinistra except the Truncus costocervicalis. The Truncus costocervicalis dextra was arisen together with the A. subclavia dextra in 8 out of 10 cases, while one of the remaining 2 cases arose as the first branch of the A. subclavia dextra and the other was given off directly from the Truncus brachiocephalicus. 6. The Truncus bicaroticus was continued from the Truncus brachiocephalicus after branching off the A. subclavia dextra in 8 out of 10 cases, but the Aa. carotidas communes sinistra and dextra were directly branched from the Truncus brachiocephalicus without forming the Truncus bicaroticus in the remaining 2 cases.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2016

A total of 782 blood and 465 tissue samples from 1,039 wild animals and 127 dairy goats were collected from January 2011 to December 2013 in 10 provinces of South Korea and tested for the presence of brucellosis. The Rose Bengal test revealed that 8.0% (52/650) of the serum samples were seropositive, while 4.2% (33/782) of the serum samples were positive for Brucella antibodies by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Of the 650 sera examined, only 16 (2.5%) were positive by both serological tests. Direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using B4/B5 primers for Brucella abortus (BCSP31) revealed the prevalence of Brucella to be 26.5% (129/487) in blood samples and 21% (98/465) in tissue samples while, 16S rRNA PCR detected Brucella DNA in 6.8% (33/487) and 2.6% (12/465) in blood and tissue samples, respectively. Of PCR-positive samples, only 6.2% (30/487) of blood samples and 2.4% (11/465) of tissue samples were found to be positive by both BCSP31 and 16S rRNA PCRs. However, Brucella strains were isolated by blood culture from only two out of 487 blood samples (0.4%). This characterization and identification of pathogenic Brucella isolates is the first to clearly indicate that the organisms were Brucella abortus biovar 1.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.287-290
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• 2018

Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne, non-contagious, zoonotic disease caused by Anaplasma spp., which include Anaplasma marginale, A. centrale, A. phagocytophilum, A. platys, A. ovis, and A. bovis. Recently, in Korea, the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. has been investigated in some animals, such as dogs, horses, goats, cats, and Korean water deer. In cattle, A. marginale is the most virulent species and regarded as the typical type of species. However, data on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in cattle in Korea during the last decade is limited. This study was designed to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine anaplasmosis in Korea. From 2010 to 2013, blood samples were collected from 568 cattle. Forty animals (7.0%) tested seropositive for Anaplasma spp. by cELISA. Despite that current bovine anaplasmosis seropositivity rate in the Gyeongsangbuk-do is lower than those in tropical countries, anaplasmosis needs to be regarded as a concerning disease. The identification of the specific Anaplasma species infecting cattle in this province requires additional molecular studies. Moreover, further monitoring and control programs for bovine anaplasmosis is required, and the information from this study will be beneficial to develop these programs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2009

Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from daily cattle and Korean native cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. From July to December in 2007, blood samples were collected from 363 dairy cattle of 27 farms and 281 Korean cattle of 114 farms and the ELISA was conducted. 25 (6.9%) dairy cattle of 6 (22%) farms and 19 (6.8%) Korean cattle of 8 (7.0%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 25 (8.3%) out of 300 dairy cattle in Gyeungju were positive and Pohang were negative in this research. 12 (16.4%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Gyeungju and 7 (9.6%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Uljin were positive. Pohang and Youngdeok of Korean cattle were negative in this research. According to raising scale of dairy cattle, 4 (66.7%) farms out of 6 farms were raising 30 below and 2 (33.3%) farms out of were raising 30$\sim$70. And there were negative raising scale more than 70. In Korean cattle, 6 (75%) farms out of 8 were raising below 10 and 2 (25%) farms were raising 10$\sim$30. And there were negative raising scale more than 30. The rate of seropositive of paratuberculosis dairy cattle and Korean cattle were similar and the positive rate of Eastern-Gyeongbuk area is reported lower than that of any other region.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 1980

This study was performed to obtain an accurate methods of diagnosis in early stage of traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis in ruminants. Korean native goats were used as experimental animal and traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis were induced by surgical intervention. The changes in clinical signs, hematological values, blood enzymes and electrocardigrams were observed for 14 days after operation. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Body temperature in experimental group of induced traumatic pericarditis and myocarditis was slightly increased than control group that was rumenotomized. Heart rate was increased in both groups but the increased rate was noticed remarkably in experimental group. There was no change in respiratory rate in experimental and control group. 2. Total leucocytes counts and neutrophil percentage maintained higher level after operation and lymphocytes percentage noticed reversed proportion to neutrophil in both groups. 3. Serum total protein concentration and alkaline phosphatase activities after operation showed a little lower levels than these values prior to operation. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase activities in control group showed slight increase through all the experimental period, while in experimental group these activities were markedly elevated and an increase in serum lactic dehydrogenase activities was more remarkable comparing to serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. 4. Electrocardiograms in control group did not show any abnormalities except for slight increase in heart rate. In experimental group the amplitude of QRS complex was increased in duration of experimental period. The transference from QRS complex to T wave was uncertain and S-T segment moved upward obliquely through electrical zero line.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2000

Akabane disease is transmitted through mosquitoes in cattle, sheep and goats. It shows congenital abnormalities including encephalomyetitis, hydranencephaly, neurogenic arthrogryposis, and deformed neonatal calves. Akabane viruses, 93FMX and K-9 strain, were isolated from fetal matrix of aborted cow and blood of healthy cow, respectively. S gene sequences of 93FMX and K-9 showed 100% homology with that of OBE-1 strain isolated in Japan. Based upon our sequencing data, we synthesized specific primers for PCR diagnosis. Using these primers, we were able to amplify the S gene of Akabane virus not only from the culture fluid of Vero cells but also from the brain tissue of suckling mouse inoculated with, Akabane virus. These PCR products were confirmed by Southern blot hybridization. Not only the sensitivity of PCR test was high enough to detect the viruses of $10^{1.0}TCID_{50}/ml$, but also the time for diagnosis was significantly shorter than that of the virus isolation by tissue culture method. This method was also effective for the detection of Akabane virus in the cerebrum of fetus. RT-PCR method may be used for a useful diagnostic test of the clinical cases of Akabane disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.477-483
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the morphological development of the tongue in the 60-, 90- and 120-day-old fetuses and neonates of Korean native goats by light microscopy. In 60-day-old fetuses, the tongue tissues were differentiated into epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer. The primordia of filiform, conical, lentiform, fungiform, and vallate papillae appeared by this time, and rudiments of taste buds were observed in the epithelia of the primordia gustatory papillae. The dorsal lingual epithelia were PAS positive. Collagenous fibers and blood vessels were present in the lamina propria. In 90-day-old fetuses, the gustatory glands were moderately positive for PAS and muscle fibers, and connective tissues were developed. In 120-day-old fetuses, many taste buds were observed in the gustatory papillae. The muscle bundles, collagenous fibers, blood vessels and gustatory glands were well developed. In neonates, over 40 taste buds were found in a transverse section of the vallate papillae. Muscle layers, blood vessels, collagenous fibers and gustatory glands were very well developed.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.325-329
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• 1994

Seasonal and diurnal variation in serum testosterone was measured by radioimmunossary in 3 mature Korean native male goats. Blood was collected at 3-h intervals for 24h in each season. Mean levels of 4 seasons ranged from 0.82 to 2.06ng/ml and no difference was among seasons, although level in fall and winter was slightly higher. Diurnal level tended to increase at daytime in all season and when diurnal variation in level was compared to daily mean of each season, level of daytime greatly(P<0.05) increased in summer. However, variation between light and dark period in other seasons did not show significant difference. Daytime increase of testosterone was found 3 to 4 after dawn and level increased 1 to 2h ahead in summer and fall than that in others. These results in serum testosterone suggest that there was no great seasonal variation in endocrine function of goat testis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2011

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most infectious diseases affecting cloven-hoofed animals including cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. Seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus with multiple subtypes within each serotype have been identified until now. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the outbreak of the serotype Asia1 reported from China, Mongolia and North Korea since 2005 is mostly classified into genetic group V. Though it has been recommended that Asia1 Shamir strain can be used as a high priority vaccine by World References Laboratory for FMD, the complete nucleotide sequences of the strain has not yet been determined. In this study, to be prepared for Asia1 type viruses that may be brought into Korea, the complete genome sequence of this vaccine strain Asia1 Shamir including its 5' and 3' non-coding region was identified.