• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.187-191
• /
• 1999

The distribution of glucagon-immunoreactive cells in the pancreas during various developmental stages (fetus, neonate, 1-month-old, 6-month-old and adult) of the Korean native goat was investigated by immunohistochemical methods. The varying distribution and frequency of glucagon-immunoreactive cells in the pancreas of the Korean native goat were observed. The glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected in both exocrine and endocrine portions (pancreatic islets) at all developmental stages and also in ducts of the 6-month-old and adult. The relative frequencies of glucagon-immunoreactive cells increased in the pancreatic islets and ducts with age, but decreased in the exocrine portions. Generally, they were distributed in the interacinar spaces or marginal zone of the pancreatic islets during all stages of development. However, the cell distributions of the pancreatic islets in the neonate divided into two types: 1) ones which were distributed in the inner zone, and 2) others in the peripheral zone.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.497-510
• /
• 1992

This study was attempted to comparative investigate the types and regional distribution of the endocrine cells in several vertebrates immunohistochemically using seven antisera. From carp pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som- and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were mainly distributed at the periphery and a few cells occupied the central region of the islets. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, and som - and BPP-immunoreactive cells were located at the central region. From frog pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som- and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the islets. Som-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, and glucagon- and BPP-immunoreactive cells were found as single cell or as small groups located between the pancreatic acini. From snake pancreas could be observed 3 types which are insulin-, glucagon- and som -immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the small islets, and they also were scattered at the periphery of the large islets. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets, whereas som-immunoreactive cells were occupied the central region. From Ogolgae pancreas could be observed 4 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som-and BPP-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the small islets, but at the periphery of the large one. Glucagon- immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the small islets and in the large islets showed scattering entired. Som-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the small islets and in the large islets were located at the central region. A small numbers of BPP-immunoreactive cells were located at the periphery of the small islets and the exocrine regions. From the pancreas of the Korean native goat could be observed 6 types which are insulin-, glucagon-, som-, BPP-, 5-HT- and porcine-CG-immunoreactive cells. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were distributed throughout the islets. Som-immunoreactive cells were located at the periphery of the islets, but a tew were scattered at the central region of islets and in the epithelium of the secretory duct. Glucagon-, BPP-, 5-HT- and porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were distributed at the periphery of the islets. These findings indicated that the regional distribution patterns and cell types of pancreatic endocrine cells in vertebrates varies considerably among phylogenetically different vertebrates.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.24-33
• /
• 1999

The gastrointestinal tract of three Percida, Lateolabrax japonicus, Epinephelus septemfasciatus and Mugil cephalus, was investigated immunocytochemically for the occurrence of somatostatin-. seotonin-, gastrin-, pancreatic polypeptide(PP)-, cholecystokinin-8(CCK-8)- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells. In Lateolabrax japonicus and Epinephelus septemfasciatus, five endorcrine cell types, such as somatostatin-, serotonin-, gastrin-, PP- and CCk-8-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated. In Mugil cephalus, however, six endocrine cell types, such as somatostatin-, serotnin-gastrin-, PP-, CCK-8- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected. Somatostatin- and serotonin-immunoreactive cells were detected in the gastric mucosa of all species. Glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found only in the gastric mucoas of Mugil cephalus. In the pyloric caeca, PP-and CCK-8-immnuoreactive cells fo all species. gastrin-immunoreactive cells of Epinephelus septemfasciatus and Mugil cephalus, and serotonin-immunoreactive cells of Epinephelus septemfasciatus were demonstrated. In the intestinal mucosa of all species, gastrin-, PP- and CCK-8-immunoreactive cells were detected, and in the intestinal mucosa of Epinephelus septemfasciatus serotonin-immunoreactive cells were also detected. The frequency of these immunoreactive cells differs from each portion of the gastrointestinal tract of all species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.45-54
• /
• 1995

Pancreatic endocrine cells containing glucagon, insulin, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide were identified in the pancreas of the Korean native goat by using immunohistochemical method. Glucagon immunoreative cells were oval or fusiform in shape and located at the periphery of the pancreatic islets. Insulin immunoreactive cells were round or oval in shape and occupied throughout the pancreatic islets except the small area of the periphery. Somatostatin immunoreative cells were oval and elliptical, and mainly located at the periphery of the pancreatic islets. Some of these cells had a cytoplasmic process. Pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactive cells were elliptical or polyhedral and located at the periphery of the pancratic islets where two or more cells formed a cell cluster. The distribution rates of glucagon, insulin, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactive cells were 24.4%, 44.3%, 13.2% and 18.1% respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.369-379
• /
• 1993

The regional distribution and the relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied in nine portions of the blue fox GI tract, and the distribution pattern and cell types of the pancreatic endocrine cells were also studied in the pancreas by immunohistochemical method. Six kinds of immunoreactive cells were identified in the GI tract, and four kinds of immunoreactive cells were also identified in the pancreas. Although numerous 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were seen throughtout the GI tract, somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were a few in the intestine. Very numerous Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were restricted generally in the pyloric region and duodenum. Numerous glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and generally a few in the intestine. Moderate number of BPP-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and a few in the large intestine. Numerous porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the cardiac and fundic region. In the pancreas, four types of pancreatic endocrine cells-somatostatin-, glucagon-, BPP- and insuline-immunoreactive-were identified in the pancreatic islet and exocrine portion. These results suggest that the regional distribution, the relative frequencies and cell types of the GEP endocrine cells in the GI tract and pancreas varies considerably among the species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.579-589
• /
• 1993

The regional distribution and the relative frequencies of endocrine cells were studied in nine portions of the blue fox GI tract, and the distribution pattern and cell types of the pancreativc endocrine cells were also studied in the pancreas by immunohistochemical method. Six kinds of immunoreactive cells were identified in the GI tract, and four kinds of immunoreactive cells were also identified in the pancreas. Although numerous 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the GI tract, somatostatin- immunoreactive cells were a few in the intestine. Very numerous Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were restricted generally in the pyloric region and duodenum. Numerous glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and generally a few in the intestine. Moderate number of BPP-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach except the pyloric region, and a few in the large intestine. Numerous porcine CG-immunoreactive cells were restricted to the cardiac and fundic region. In the pancreas, four types of pancreatic endocrine cells- somatostatin-, glucagon-, BPP- and insulin-immunoreactive- were identified in the pancreatic islet and exocrine portion. These results suggest that the regional distribution, the relative frequencies and cell types of the GEP endocrine cells in the GI tract and pancreas varies considerably among the species.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 1997

The relative frequency and distribution of occurrence of immunoreactive cells in the proventriculus, diverticulum, cardia, fundus and pylorus of the stomach of pigs were investigated by PAP method using specific antisera against BCG, Gas/CCK, 5-HT, somatostatin, glucagon, BPP, motilin and insulin. In the diverticulum and cardia, BCG-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected. In the fundus, BCG-, 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were also found. In the pylorus, BCG-, Gas/CCK-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were observed. However, no BPP-, motilin- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach epithelium of the pigs. These results showed that the occurrence of the endocrine cells confirmed in the diverticulum as the cardia and suggest that the function of diverticulum may be similar to that of cardia in the pigs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.261-270
• /
• 1990

The gastrointestinal endocrine cells of the Korean native goat were studied immunohistochemically, and 5-HT-, somatostatin-, Gas/CCK-, glucagon-, chromogranin- and PP- immunoreactive cells were revealed. The characteristic findings of the regional distribution and relative frequency of these immunoreactive cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the Korean native goat were as follows. 5-HT-immunoreactive cells were more numerous in the small and large intestine than in the abdomen stomach. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cell were more numerous in the abdomen stomach than in the small and large intestine. Gas/CCK-immunoreactive cells were concentrated very numerously in the pyloric region with a few in the other regions. Moderate numbers of glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in the small and large intestine, but a few of them were found in the abdomen stomach. Very numerous chromogranin-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract. PP-immunoreactive cells were observed moderate numbers in the large intestine with few in the ileum. No insulin-immunoreactive cell was found in the gastrointestinal tract.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 1995

Ultrastructures of pancreatic endocrine cells containing glucagon, insulin, somatosratin and pancreatic polypeptide were studied in the pancreas of the Korean native goat by immunohistochemical and elecron microscopy. Glucagon immunoreatctive cells were round or fusiform in shape and contained secretory granules of 200-260 nm in diameter. The secretory granules were high in electron density and had a halo between the limiting membrane and the central granule core. Insulin immunoreactive cells were round or oval in shape, and contained various sizes of secretory granules from 135 to 300 nm in diameter. The secretory granules were low or moderate electron density and had a variform halo. Somatostatin immunoreactive cells were elliptical or fusiform shape with cytoplasmic processes. They contained the secretory granules of 140-320 nm with moderate electron densities. Pancreatic polypeptide immunoreactive cells were elliptical or fusiform and contained small secretory granules with high electron densities. The secretory granules were 120-230 nm in diameter and the least in number.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.686-695
• /
• 1998

Histological changes, distributions and relative frequencies of bovine Sp-1/chromogranin (bCG)-, serotonin-, gastrin-, cholecystokinin-8(CCK-8)-, somatostatin-, S-100 protein-, polypeptide YY(PYY)- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were investigated in the gizzard and pylorus of the chicken embryos from 10 days of incubation to hatching. Histologically, the pseudostratified columnar epithelium were observed from 10 days of incubation to 15 days of incubation, thereafter these epithelium were differentiated to simple columnar epithelium, gastric gland and/or mucosal gland. In the gizzard, bCG-immunoreactive cells were observed from 19 days of incubation and S-100 protein-immunoreactive cells were detected from 15 days of incubation to 18 days of incubation. No serotonin-, gastrin-, CCK-8-, somatostatin-, PYY- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were found in this region. In the pylorus, bCG-, gastrin- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed from 16 days of incubation respectively, thereafter these cells were increased with ages. CCK-8-immunoreactive cells were detected on hatching and S-100 protein-immunoreactive cells were detected from 16 days of incubation to 18 days of incubation. No serotonin-, PYY- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were observed in this region.