• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 1999

현재 기술은 각 그룹간의 작업을 더욱 가깝게 연결할 뿐 아니라 오늘날 사회에서 보여지는, 먼 거리와 격리된 장소에서의 공동작업을 더욱 강조한다. 산업의 영역인 실체적 모델에 근거를 둔 인간의 영역에 대한 해석이 더 이상 확고하지 않음에 따라 공간에서 존재하는 새로운 커뮤니티의 자극으로 인한, 귀속의식(歸屬意識)은 영역에 대한 새로운 인식에 대응하고 있다. 새로운 미디어와 기술의 사용으로, 한 장소의 어린이가 다른 장소의 어린이들과 어떠한 방법으로 실제 공간을 연결하는 커뮤니티의 감각을 만들어 내는가가 본 논문의 요지이다. 따라서, 본문의 논제는, 지구상의 두 학급을 연결하는 학습을 위한 커뮤니티 개발을 위한 시스템을, 먼 거리의 어린이들로 하여금 좀 더 가까워지도록 디자인하는 것이다. 그 내용은, 상호진화를 위한, 지역에 제한이 없는 학습 커뮤니티 개발과, 그 커뮤니티를 위한 컨셉츄얼 모델의 시스템 디자인에 관한 연구이다. 본 연구의 결론으로써, 사용자가 그 시스템의 정확한 멘탈 모델을 개발할 수 있는 실체적 인터페이스의 디자인이 제시되고 있다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2000

During the last decade, an increasing interest in Underfloor Air-Conditioning(UFAC) systems has emerged. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate comprehensively the indoor environmental performance of office buildings with UFAC system in order to develope the design prototype of this system. In this paper, the physical measurements and the interviewing survey of occupant's sensation responses to the environment were carried out. Measurements and survey were made of the thermal environmental factors such as air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, globe temperature, and the other several environmental factors such as the sound level and the illuminance of working plane, etc. And, the air quality was evaluated by measuring the concentration of suspended particles, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the room. Furthermore, the paper appraises the various indoor environmental factors of the room by using post-occupancy evaluation(POE) method in office building with UFAC system, and thus, it suggests the basic data for assessing the indoor comfort based on field measurements and survey.

• 복식
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2002

We can see various cultural elements appeared in modern fashion, of which Korean traditional cultural elements are being reinterpreted in many different ways. This study is to analyse on the basis of togetherness concept Korean traditional elements, which have been considered difficult to interpret by postmodernism and find the ways how to carry on our traditional culture practically in order to prepare the foundation for globalization of our tradition. Togetherness means 'with' or 'simultaneously', which also conveys the meaning of common cause and result, addition and annex, opposition and juxtaposition, or accumulation and integration. Characteristics of the togetherness appeared in Korean fashion are as follows. First of all, it shows the aspect of mixing and integration of different cultural fashion elements around the globe, which have been made possible in the course of globalization and development of information technology. The second characteristic is crossing and synchronization, which means that many different individual fashion elements in terms of time and space are being crossed over and integrated these days. Thirdly, continuation meaning 'without cease' and 'keep going' shows that togetherness is to create a whole new fashion trend by mixing postmodern revivalism and past clothing elements. Togetherness makes it possible for us to find reasons why tradition aspects are expressed so vividly in the modern clothing, gives us a standard to classify the reasons, establishes an identity and offers theoretical background for globalization of traditional clothing in the course of modernization of our tradition.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2001

Concern about global environment has been increasing in recent years. Efforts to minimize the environmental impact to the globe as well as human beings have increased, especially in the late twentieth century. The study researches one of the solutions for the environmentally friendly building construction, which can contribute to sustaining the world environment. Assessment and proposals are made for high-rise apartments, one of the most popular construction types nowadays in Korea. Careful building design and construction for apartment buildings could reduce the environmental impact significantly without lowering standards of living. Since the volume of high-rise apartment construction is so great, a small improvement in each building will make a great contribution. Assessments are made over the life-span of apartment buildings. A tool has been made through references from western examples. mainly from BHEEAMs made in the United Kingdom. The components of the tool include passive design strategies, building materials. energy consumption during building operation, and management and maintenance. Co-relationship between buildings and ten environment in Korea is searched. Korean high-rise apartments are assessed with the tool and suggestions for sustainable development are made mainly for improvement of embodied energy of building materials and the life of buildings.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2005

Because of design and manufacturing costs, it is important to predict an expected life of bellows with component stresses of bellows as its design factors and material characteristics. In this study, numerical analyses are carried out to elucidate the thermal and flow characteristics of the bellows-seal gate and globe valves for high temperature (max. $600^{\circ}C$) and for high pressure (max. $104 kgf/cm^2$) conditions. Using commercial codes, FLUENT, which uses FVM and SIMPLE algorithm, and ANSYS, which uses FEM, the pressure and temperature fields are graphically depicted. In addition, when bellows have an axial displacement, thermal stress affecting bellows life is studied. The pressure and temperature values obtained from the flow analyses are adopted as the boundary conditions for thermal stress analyses. As the result of this study, we got the reasonable coefficients for valve and thermal stress for bellows, compared with existing coefficients and calculated values.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.212-216
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to make clear the indoor thermal environmental efficiency of indoor garden in apartment during winter. The questionnaire survey was carried out during the l0th${\sim}$20th of February 2004, respondents consisted of 215 residents living in a subject apartment estate. The field measurements of indoor thermal elements were carried out at A house with indoor garden and at B house without indoor garden. The measurements in two-subject houses were taken on simultaneously the 11th of February. As Results, the residents living in apartments with indoor garden show positive response on air moisture and satisfaction. The daily ranges of indoor temperature and globe temperature in the A house were narrower than the B house. The average relative humidity in the A house was higher and constant than the B house. Therefore, it was seemed that indoor environment during winter in the house with indoor garden maintained more constant or comfortable than the house without indoor garden by earning effect and humidity control effect of plants.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2024

Self-compacting concrete is widely used around the globe today due to its special and unique properties. This study examines the effect of natural and crushed gravel combinations in different percentages in short-and long-term properties of concrete. The best utilized sand had a fineness modulus of 2.7. In the mentioned mix designs, silica fume was used with 0 and 7% of the weight of the cement. In order to check the properties of fresh and hardened concrete, 9 and 5 test types were performed, respectively. The carried out tests were slump flow, V-funnel, J-ring, L-box, U-box and column segregation for fresh concrete, and compressive, tensile and flexural strengths for hardened concrete. A mix with only 100% natural gravel was considered as the control mix. According to the results, the control mix design and the one containing 100% crushed gravel with silica fume were the best in fresh and hardened concrete tests, respectively. Finally, using the optimization method, a mix design with 25% natural gravel, 75% crushed gravel and silica fume was introduced as the best mix in terms of the results of both fresh and hardened concrete tests.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2017

Objective: This paper presents a study to evaluate the WBGT index for assessing the effects of a wide range of outdoor weather conditions on human responses. Background: The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index was firstly developed for the assessment of hot outdoor conditions. It is a recognised index that is used world-wide. It may be useful over a range of outdoor conditions and not just for hot climates. Method: Four group experiments, involving people performing a light stepping activity, were conducted to determine human responses to outside conditions in the U.K. They were conducted in September 2007 (autumn), December 2007 (winter), March 2008 (spring) and June 2008 (summer). Environmental measurements included WBGT, air temperature, radiant temperature (including solar load), humidity and wind speed all measured at 1.2m above the ground, as well as weather data measured by a standard weather station at 3m to 4m above the ground. Participants' physiological and subjective responses were measured. When the overall results of the four seasons are considered, WBGT provided a strong prediction of physiological responses as well as subjective responses if aural temperature, heart rate and sweat production were measured. Results: WBGT is appropriate to predict thermal strain on a large group of ordinary people in moderate conditions. Consideration should be given to include the WBGT index in warning systems for a wide range of weather conditions. However, the WBGT overestimated physiological responses of subjects. In addition, tenfold Borg's RPE was significantly different with heart rate measured for the four conditions except autumn (p<0.05). Physiological and subjective responses over 60 minutes consistently showed a similar tendency in the relationships with the $WBGT_{head}$ and $WBGT_{abdomen}$. Conclusion: It was found that either $WBGT_{head}$ or $WBGT_{abdomen}$ could be measured if a measurement should be conducted at only one height. The relationship between the WBGT values and weather station data was also investigated. There was a significant relationship between WBGT values at the position of a person and weather station data. For UK daytime weather conditions ranging from an average air temperature of $6^{\circ}C$ to $21^{\circ}C$ with mean radiant temperatures of up to $57^{\circ}C$, the WBGT index could be used as a simple thermal index to indicate the effects of weather on people. Application: The result of evaluation of WBGT might help to develop the smart clothing for workers in industrial sites and improve the work environment in terms of considering workers' wellness.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.160-166
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• 2014

Because of industrial development, industrial facilities are becoming more complex and diversified. Plant industries are focused on productivity improvement, cost reduction, and product uniformity by simplifying production processes using automated control. Furthermore, plant industries require higher pressures and temperatures to improve energy efficiency. For this reason, the valves used in plants are operated under harsh conditions. Globe valves and gate valves are mainly used for high pressure these days. However, these valves have various problems, including low maintainability and high cost, due to structural problems. Therefore, butterfly and ball valve applications are increasing in industrial plants. This paper suggests a quadruple-offset butterfly valve that is applicable to bi-direction use, and the principle design parameters are suggested. The selected design parameters are an eccentric flange center line and shaft centerline(Offset 1), an eccentric seat centerline and disc shaft centerline(Offset 2), the angle between the flange centerline and seat wedge angle(Offset 3), the angle between the vertical direction of the disc shaft centerline and seat centerline(Offset 4), and the seat engagement angle. To analyze the interaction effect of the design parameters, ANOM and ANOVA were performed with an orthogonal array. The parameters were found to have effects in the following order: Offset 2, Offset 1, engagement angle, Offset 3, and Offset 4. The interaction between the parameters was insignificant.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2014

Environmental issues have become gradually important around the globe, which has increased society needs for the environment-friendly construction. In an effort to realize the environmental protection and energy efficiency, the British BREEAM has been developed, which is followed by the USA LEED, Japanese CASBEE and other national certification systems based on their own conditions. In this end, the Republic of Korea has implemented its own certification system named GBCS(Green Building Certification System) in 2002, and now actively promoted the G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) after GBCS modifications and amendments. The purpose of this study is to identify possible problems to be encountered in the process of the G-SEED for office facilities and to provide relevant solutions. In this end, three office facilities have been selected, which had obtained the G-SEED. This study has analyzed reasons of change of assessment scores between the preliminary certification and the main certification phases, has identified problems through in-depth interviews with practicing professionals(design, construction, eco-friendly consulting firm) and then has reached a conclusion for improvements. This study will be possibly used as reference materials for improvements of the green building certification system, and further detailed studies on respective parts will be required for improvements.