• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2019

This study aims to establish a method for activating Korean ship finance through an analysis on the development of Chinese ship finance market, which has grown rapidly in recent years. It focuses on its main institutions, laws and policies, strengths and weaknesses, market share, and development status. Because 80.7% of South Korea's economy depends upon foreign trade and 99.7% of the South Korea's traded volume is transported by ships, shipping has assumed an important role in Korean economy. However, since the global financial crisis, Korean shipping and shipbuilding industry has been facing difficulties and Hanjin, the biggest Korean shipping company, went bankrupt in 2017. One of the key aspects of the competitiveness of the shipping and shipbuilding industry is acquiring competitive shipping assets; therefore, stable and smooth supply of ship finance is crucial for the development of the shipping and shipbuilding industry. Given this background, the study analyzed how the Chinese ship finance market has grown rapidly in the past 30 years and identified the problems, strengths, and weaknesses of the Chinese ship finance. The analysis on the status of the Chinese ship finance market is expected to suggest a direction for establishing methods for activating the Korean ship finance market, which is facing scarcity of finance, even as the global ship finance market has remained depressed since the global financial crisis. Although this study focused exclusively on the Chinese market, future research can draw conclusions from a comparative analysis that includes the Japanese ship finance market; the conclusions obtained would contribute to the establishment of long-term policies and plans for Korean ship finance.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.3-30
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• 2012

In the development process, small and medium-sized enterprises in China have shown their unique features and regularities which are closely related to China's national condition and economic characteristics. But in 2008, because of the global financial crisis which started in the USA, the rate of Chinese export and the rate of economic growth has evidently slowed. Due to shortage of funds, foreign orders fell, increase the value of RMB, lack of talented factors, Chinese SMEs are facing bankruptcy. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of domestic and international market environment, the government assistance for entering overseas market, entrepreneur characteristics, etc. on the global performance. Based on these, a research model and some hypotheses were set up and tested by the multiple regression analysis with total 317 effective survey data. The results of this paper are as follows. First, a positive effect relation on the financial performance was shown for the companies with high domestic and international market environment in the aspect of market environment. According to such analysis result, it was found that the market environment in which SMEs belong to is a very important factor. Second, in the aspect of government export assistance related to overseas, market development showed a positive effect relation on the both financial and non-financial performance. However, the direct financial assistance showed a positive effect relation only on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the government assistance program on entering overseas market is having significant effects on SMEs, but direct financial assistance have not achieved the desired results. Third, the innovative-ness and progressiveness of entrepreneur showed a positive effect relation on the global market performance. However, the risk-taking of entrepreneur only showed a negative effect relation on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the entrepreneurship of SMEs is an important and influential factor. This is a result implying that the propensity of taking too much risk is not desirable based on the uncertainty of the global environment market. To sum up, this study confirmed that the market environment, the government assistance and entrepreneur characteristics, which are the major prerequisites of global performance, have effects on global performance.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2019

The domestic food industry intends to expand overseas market. In order to succeed, in-depth research on local consumers is essential. This paper examined consumer research methodology and case studies based on sensory and consumer science for developing products targeting overseas market. Consumer research should be prece ded by overseas consumer panel construction. Then, this can be followed by application of various consumer research methodologies on new product development process. The most important consideration in this case is that application of same research methods or criteria as for domestic market could lead to significant errors in terms of reliability of results. Therefore, in order to develop successful products that accurately meet the needs of overseas consumers, careful study and consideration of the differences between markets would be essential from consumer researcher and decision-maker's sides.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.210-215
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• 2023

As a public space providing night commercial services, night market represents the regional culture of a region or city to a certain extent. With the development of material economy and the continuous improvement of spiritual civilization, the modern night market has also begun to show some new changes. is an important strategy for the development and transformation of modern night market to build the brand image of night market and turn the traditional night market into a new "national tide" night market". Based on the regional cultural perspective, this paper takes many night markets in Changzhou, China as the object of study, and aims to summarize the effective ways to construct a new night market image. We are designed the following conclusions. The first is to deploy rational and unique features. The second is to enrich the business style and to perfect matching. The third is to regulate management and promote multiple effects. Therefore, it is expected that a new strategy will be proposed to create a night market brand image from a local cultural perspective.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.351-362
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• 2003

To study marketing strategy changes caused by Korea fashion industry development process, the fashion marketing strategy changes of Japan, considered as the most similar one of Korea, was compared. At each period, p! roper cost efficiency strategies, product differentiation strategies, and market segment strategies has been selected and applied. The fashion industry foundation period namely practical usage clothing period of Korea follows 10 years after one of Japan. 90's highly sensitive fashion period namely fashion industry growth period follows 5 years after one of Japan. As entering to fashion industry maturity period with global competition, the time difference falls to less than 5 years. With hosting of 2002's World-Cup, Korea's global competitiveness has increased, and it appears to be possible of being fashion market leader in East Asia and Japan's rival on an equal footing.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

The main goal of this study is to show promising future food market of Northeast Asia countries, including China, Japan, and South Korea. Drinks market, including soft and alcoholic drinks is selected to show global food companies new opportunities for next strategic movements. Market Attractiveness Matrix is developed based on BCG matrix as a main framework for this study. CDI (Category Development Index) is also used. It is found that Asia-pacific has fast-growing markets and it has strong potential for future investment. Northeast Asia countries (China, Japan, and South Korea) turned out to be ones of the most attractive regional markets. However, European drinks market is saturated even though its size is still big. This study suggests that Northeast Asian market be considered a market for the next strategic movement and investment.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.26
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• pp.115-141
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• 2005

This study explores how strategic alliance activities are evolving and the factors that impact on the formation and development of airline alliances. Findings show the initiation of regional and more liberalized bilateral, or open skies, agreements have removed some of the impediments to structural changes in international aviation. Airlines in more liberal markets enter into greater numbers and more integrative forms of alliances. Also, airlines, on average, achieve better results of operation if the market is more liberal. Essentially, there is a positive relationship between the developments of alliances and the liberalization of air transport markets. It has been questioned that the US bilateral open skies agreements provide its carriers more access to the global market and countries that do not enter into such agreements with the US risk a loss of traffic. Consequently, open skies agreements may enable carriers who have the freedom to exercise market power to be dominant in the markets. This suggests that regulatory coordination and liberalization of international aviation reinforce each other and should therefore be pursued simultaneously.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.75
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• pp.159-177
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• 2017

In this paper, we examined trends and regulations of the global medical equipment industry through literature search. The medical equipment industry is attracting attention as a new growth engine in the Fourth Industrial revolution. However, the medical device industry is a highly competitive field due to product diversity, short product life cycle and technological advances. In addition, Medical equipment are related to human health and safety. Therefore, it can only be exported if it is approved by national or international standards. Therefore, from the development stage of the product, the medical equipment should designate the country to be exported and develop a medical equipment that meets the requirements for licensing the medical equipment in the country. Therefore, In this paper, In this paper, we will present the practical considerations of the medical equipment exporting company by examining the global medical equipment market trends and the regulations related to medical equipment in major countries.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.25-37
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• 2013

Purpose - The structure of retailing has changed as retailers develop markets in response to business environment changes. This study aims to analyze the general situation of retailers in order to predict future global strategy using case studies of overseas expansion strategy and the Metro Group's global strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - The backgrounds to the new retail business model and retailer classification are analyzed as theoretical data. In addition, the key success point of the Metro Group's "cash and carry" strategy is analyzed as is the Metro Group's global CFAR (collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment) strategy. Finally, the plan for cooperation and precise forecasting under the Metro Group's supply chain management are analyzed from the promotion environment viewpoint. Related materials analyzed included the 2012 annual report, the Metro Group's web page, and a video interview with the executive in charge of global strategy and the new market development department. Some data were revised to avoid disrupting essential aspects of the case studies. Results - The important finding was that the Metro Group could be a world-class retail company with its successful global expansion strategy. The Metro Group's global strategy's primary goal is to have a leading business position in Eastern and Western Europe. The "cash and carry" strategy is highest priority in its overseas expansion strategy. Moreover, the Metro Group has standardized product planning capacity, which could be applied in various countries with different structural and cultural backgrounds. This is the main reason that the Metro Group could rapidly become successful in the Eastern Europe and Asian markets through its structural overseas expansion strategies. In addition, the Metro Group emphasizes the importance of supply chain management. Conclusions - First, retailers should create additional value through utilizing the domestic market, market power, and economies of scale to launch a global strategy to maximize benefits from diversification. Second, the political, economic, and cultural background of the target country needs to be understood to successfully implement the overseas expansion strategy. Third, the main factor of successful cooperation with a local partner is how quickly the company gains total understanding of the business resources and core competence of its partner. All organizations should focus on the achievement of goals in order to successfully operate the partnership. Fourth, retailers should improve their business, financial and organizational structure. Moreover, the work processes and company culture should also be improved to respond strongly in the competitive global market. Fifth, the essential point of a successful retail business is the control capacity of its branding and format. The retailer could avoid forecasting errors through supply chain management by perfectly distributing the actual amount of its inventory. In addition, the risks along the supply chain are effectively shared between the supply chain partners. Finally, the central tendency of the market is to gain in strength with this taking place across all parts of the business.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2020

Along with rapid global economic development, people are slowly becoming environmentally aware and green development is increasingly a vital topic of social concern. Academic circles are currently focusing on environmental protection and economic growth to explore the coordinated development of both and to achieve a win-win solution between them. To study the relationship between environmental protection experience and both cost and performance, this study empirically analyzes companies listing on the Shenzhen A-share market from 2014 to 2018. The results show that senior executives' environmental protection experience is negatively correlated with corporate costs, whereas it is positively correlated with business performance. These results provide empirical evidence of the importance of enterprises introducing and cultivating environmental personnel and insisting on sustainable development.