• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.738-739
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• 2015

The main objective of this study, "Spatial Downscaling of Precipitation from GCMs for Assessing Climate Change over Han River and Imjin River Watersheds", is to carry out over Han River and Imjin River watersheds. To this end, a statistical regression method with MOS (Model Output Statistics) corrections at every downscaling step was developed and applied for downscaling the spatially-coarse Global Climate Model Projections (GCMPs) from CCSM3 and CSIRO with respect to precipitation into 0.1 degree (about 11 km) spatial grid over study regions. The spatially archived hydro-climate data sets such as Willmott, GsMap and APHRODITE datasets were used for MOS corrections by means of monthly climatology between observations and downscaled values. Precipitation values downscaled in this study were validated against ground observations and then future climate simulation results on precipitation were evaluated for the projections.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.334-345
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• 2021

The present study investigated the effect of global warming on germination and initial growth across six deciduous oak species (Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. serrata, Q. dentata, Q. aliena, and Q. acutissima), which are the dominant tree species in Korea forest ecosystems. Seeds were sown in climate change treatments, with temperatures higher than those of the control (approximately 3.0℃ higher), and CO₂ concentrations higher than those of the control (approximately 2-fold higher). Initial growth in each species was measured every two weeks. Initial growth was more rapid in all oak species at the time of root and shoot emergence under high temperature and CO₂ treatments than in the control group. Leaf emergence in Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. serrata occurred earlier under the climate change treatments than under the control. Root length increased significantly in Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. dentata under the climate change treatments when compared to under the control. However, Q. aliena and Q. serrata exhibited a contrasting trends, and no significant difference was observed between the species and Q. acutissima. Shoot length increased significantly in Q. aliena under climate change treatments when compared to under the control but decreased in Q. aliena. In addition, no significant difference was observed in shoot length among Q. mongolica, Q. dentata, and Q. acutissima. The results showed that climate change treatments facilitated early growth, rapid emergence from the ground, leaf development, and enhanced belowground growth in Q. mongolica. Conversely, Q. aliena exhibited the lowest aboveground and belowground growth under climate change treatments when compared to other oak species. Climate change treatments had the least impact on Q. acutissima considering the insignificant differences observed in initial growth rates under climate change treatment.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.75-94
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the major issues discussed among Parties and provide a framework for predicting the agreements on those issues, prior to the final negotiation on a new legally-binding agreement on climate change adaptation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The analyses of documents, adaptation actions, and work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) under the UNFCCC informed that the adaptation issue has primarily been focused on the support of developed country Parties for the adaptation of developing country Parties following the principle of the Convention, Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC). Three-year work of the ADP acknowledged the major issues on adaptation in the new climate agreement, which would be categorized as long-term and global aspects, commitments/contributions/actions, monitoring and evaluation, institutional arrangements, and loss and damage. A final agreement on each issue could be predicted by setting a zone of possible agreement in-between the two extremes of developing and developed country Parties and considering three major elements affecting the Parties' positions, national priority, adaptation action, and social expectation, which are proposed in this study. The three major elements should be considered in a balanced manner by Parties to draw a durable agreement that will enhance global adaptation actions from a long-term perspective. That is, the agreement needs to reflect adaptation actions occurring outside the Convention as well as social expectations for adaptation. It is expected that the new agreement on climate change adaptation, from a long-term and global perspective, would be an opportunity to reduce vulnerability and build resilience to climate change by incorporating global expectations.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

We analyzed the observed temperature data for 50 years on 5 representative points in Korea to verify global warming and the increase in climate variability. We found that there was some level of global warming but we could not disregard the effects of urbanization. In addition, we could not find any information for the increase in climate variability.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 2008

Long-term tide-gauge data from around the Korean Peninsula were reanalyzed. Both the coastal water and the open sea surrounding the Korean Peninsula appeared to have been influenced by global warming. The long-term change in relative sea levels obtained from tidal stations showed a general rising trend, especially near Jeju Island. It is proposed that global warming may have caused shifting of the path of the Kuroshio branch (Tsushima Warm Current) toward Jeju Island, causing a persistent increase in the water levels along the coast of the island over the last few decades.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2014

The climate of the earth is expected to change rapidly and continuously. Despite climate change is expected to impact on productivity of crop and livestock, a study for adaptation and impact of livestock to global warming is not enough. This study was performed to develop a method to evaluate the effects of heat stress on dairy cattle. Feedlot environment and health status of livestock were measured through an infrared thermography camera and a temperature-humidity sensor. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity were measured to calculate the Temperature humidity index (THI). The change of the milk yield was similar to THI data pattern, suggesting that THI might play an important role to predict the effect of climate change on dairy cattle. THI data would be useful to predict long-term climate change effects on dairy cattle with RCP8.5 scenario.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.391-401
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• 2019

This study first investigates the changes of the mean and extreme temperatures and precipitation in East Asia (EA) under stabilized 1.5℃ and 2℃ warming conditions above preindustrial levels provided by HAPPI project. Here, five model with 925 members for 10-year historical period (2006~2015) and 1.5/2.0℃ future warming scenarios (2091~2100) have been used and monthly based data have been analyzed. The results show that the spatial distribution fields over EA and domain averaged variables in HAPPI 1.5/2.0℃ hindcast simulations are comparable to observations. It is found that the magnitude of mean temperature warming in EA and Korea is similar to the global mean, but for extreme temperatures local higher warming trend for minimum temperature is significant. In terms of precipitation, most subregion in EA will see more increased precipitation under 1.5/2.0℃ warming compared to the global mean. These attribute for probability density function of analyzed variables to get wider with increasing mean values in 1.5/2.0℃ warming conditions. As the result of vulnerability of 0.5℃ additional warming from 1.5 to 2.0℃, 0.5℃ additional warming contributes to the increases in extreme events and especially the impact over South Korea is slightly larger than EA. Therefore, limiting global warming by 0.5℃ can help avoid the increases in extreme temperature and precipitation events in terms of intensity and frequency.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.83-88
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• 2023

The increasing global average temperature and the emergence of various abnormal climate phenomena are already being experienced in reality. The problems arising from climate change are expanding and becoming catastrophic, despite the efforts of various organizations to prevent them. In order to avoid climate issues from becoming black elephants, we conducted interviews with emergency planning officer from various institutions to identify potential X-events caused by climate change. The results of analyzing the anticipated X-events by these emergency planning officer revealed a chain of ripple effects associated with their occurrence. This implies that once an X-event happens, its influence is broader and more significant. Through this study, we aim to share the understanding of the ripple effects of climate X-events with many people, raising awareness of the severity of climate issues. We hope that this will serve as a starting point for more institutions, individuals, and nations to make efforts in resolving climate problems, turning X-events into opportunities rather than crises.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.19-49
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• 2006

As global climate change is expected to influence regional water resources, water resource managers need to establish adaptive management to cope with climate change. We examined adaptive management efforts in the US, UK, Canada, Australia, and the Netherlands. Each country is implementing different levels of adaptation efforts based on current water management practices, institutional arrangements, as well as the varying degree of water availability, current climate effects and expected climate change effects. Based on the comparison of these countries, we suggest policy implications for the sustainable water resource management of Korea under climate changes.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-88
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• 2012

The global warming is probably the most significant issue of concern all over the world and according to the report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the average temperature and extent of global warming around the globe have been on the rise and so have the uncertainty for the future. Such effects of global warming have adverse effects on basic foundation of the mankind in numerous ways and water resource is no exception. The researches on water resources assessment for climate change are significant enough to be used as the preliminary data for researches in other fields. In this research, a total of 124 peer-reviewed publications and 57 reports on the subject of research on climate change related to water resources, that has been carried out so far in Korea has been reviewed. The research on climate change in Korea (inclusive of the peer-reviewed articles and reports) has mainly focused on the future projection and assessment. In the fields of hydrometeorology tendency and projection, the analysis has been carried out with focus on surface water, flood, etc. for hydrological variables and precipitation, temperature, etc. for meteorological variables. This can be attributed to the large, seasonal deviation in the amount of rainfall and the difficulty of water resources management, which is why, the analysis and research have been carried out with focus on those variables such as precipitation, temperature, surface water, flood, etc. which are directly related to water resources. The future projection of water resources in Korea may differ from region to region; however, variables such as precipitation, temperature, surface water, etc. have shown a tendency for increase; especially, it has been shown that whereas the number of casualties due to flood or drought decreases, property damage has been shown to increase. Despite the fact that the intensity of rainfall, temperature, and discharge amount are anticipated to rise, appropriate measures to address such vulnerabilities in water resources or management of drainage area of future water resources have not been implemented as yet. Moreover, it has been found that the research results on climate change that have been carried out by different bodies in Korea diverge significantly, which goes to show that many inherent uncertainties exist in the various stage of researches. Regarding the strategy in response to climate change, the voluntary response by an individual or a corporate entity has been found to be inadequate owing to the low level of awareness by the citizens and the weak social infrastructure for responding to climate change. Further, legal or systematic measures such as the governmental campaign on the awareness of climate change or the policy to offer incentives for voluntary reduction of greenhouse gas emissions have been found to be insufficient. Lastly, there has been no case of any research whatsoever on the anticipated effects on the economy brought about by climate change, however, there are a few cases of on-going researches. In order to establish the strategy to prepare for and respond to the anticipated lack of water resources resulting from climate change, there is no doubt that a standardized analysis on the effects on the economy should be carried out first and foremost.