• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.529-539
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• 2003

We developed a numerical model that considered the influences on the thermal environment of vegetation, water surfaces and buildings to predict micro climatic changes in a few $\textrm{km}^2$ scales; and applied this model to the Mino residential development region in Osaka Prefecture by using a nested technique. The calculated temperatures and winds in the residential development region reasonably agreed with the observed ones. We then investigated the influences on the thermal environment of the construction of a dam, the change of the green coverage rate. The results obtained from the numerical simulations were qualitatively reasonable.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.59-90
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• 2020

U.S. monetary policy has been claimed to generate global spillover and to destabilize other small open economies. We analyze the effects of certain identified U.S. monetary shocks on gross capital flows in the Korean economy using the local projection method. Consistent with previous results on other small open economies, we initially confirm that U.S. interest rate hikes are dynamically correlated with foreign outflows and residents' inflows. That is, not only are they correlated with withdrawals by foreigners but they are also correlated with those by domestic (Korean) investors. The results are mostly driven by portfolio flows. Second, however, the marginal response to a U.S. monetary policy shock is, on average, subdued if we focus on the sample periods after the Global financial crisis of 2007-2008 (henceforth, global financial crisis). We conjecture a possible reason behind the change, an institutional change related to financial friction. If the degree of pledgeability of the value of net worth increases, the marginal responses by both investors would drop with a U.S. monetary policy shock, consistent with our findings.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.938-953
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to develop a middle school science climate change education program, apply the program, and analyze the effects of the program. The climate change education program improves understanding of climate change and ability to take action about climate change. The results of this study are as follows: First, middle school science climate change education program was developed to cover eight topics. The middle school climate change education program contained the phenomenon of climate change, the cause of climate change, the impact of climate change, and a climate change measurement system. These contents were developed to reflect the global science education system and sustainable development education. Secondly, the results of the program's application showed that middle school climate change education program improved the knowledge and understanding levels of students, awareness, attitude towards, and the will of students to act in accordance to climate change.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.423-432
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• 2012

This paper is concerned with the detection of multiple change-points in linear regression models. The proposed procedure relies on the local estimation for global change-point estimation. We propose a multiple change-point estimator based on the local least squares estimators for the regression coefficients and the split measure when the number of change-points is unknown. Its statistical properties are shown and its performance is assessed by simulations and real data applications.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2011

The climate of the $21^{st}$ century is likely to be significantly different from that of the 20th century because of human-induced climate change. An extreme weather event is defined as a climate phenomenon that has not been observed for the past 30 years and that may have occurred by climate change and climate variability. The abnormal climate change can induce natural disasters such as floods, droughts, typhoons, heavy snow, etc. How will the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events be affected by the global warming change in the $21^{st}$ century? This could be a quite interesting matter of concern to the hydrologists who will forecast the extreme weather events for preventing future natural disasters. In this study, we establish the extreme indices and analyze the trend of extreme weather events using extreme indices estimated from the observed data of 66 stations controlled by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) in Korea. These analyses showed that spatially coherent and statistically significant changes in the extreme events of temperature and rainfall have occurred. Under the global climate change, Korea, unlike in the past, is now being affected by extreme weather events such as heavy rain and abnormal temperatures in addition to changes in climate phenomena.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2018

The emission of greenhouse gases mainly carbon dioxide and methane is the result of rapid industrialization to meet the demands of ever-growing population. This has resulted in an increase of global temperature which in turn is responsible for severe environmental, social, ecological and economic losses, commonly known as to as 'climate change'. This study attempts to highlight the impacts of climate change mainly focussing on water contamination, sanitation and open defecation in India. The requirement for the instantaneous employment of environment friendly technologies along with improved sanitary system has been discussed. Various other issues which are also linked to climate change that need further management like managing water resources, deterioration in human health, economic losses, modification and successful implementation of policies have been pointed out. Furthermore, stress has been made for the urgent adaptation and rethinking for making strategies along with the involvement of women in order to cop up challenges offered by climate change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.281-294
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• 2017

Tropical forests constitute almost half of the global forest cover, account for 35% of the global net primary productivity and thereby have potential to contribute substantially to sequester atmospheric $CO_2$ and offset climate change impact. However, deforestation and degradation lead by unsustainable management of tropical forests contribute to the unprecedented species losses and limit ecosystem services including carbon sequestration. Sustainable forest management (SFM) in the tropics may tackle and rectify such deleterious impacts of anthropogenic disturbances and climatic changes. However, the existing dilemma on the definition of SFM and lack of understanding of how tropical forest sustainability can be achieved lead to increasing debate on whether climate change mitigation initiatives would be successful. We reviewed the available literature with a view to clarify the concept of sustainability and provide with a framework towards the sustainability of tropical forests for enhanced carbon stock and climate change mitigation. We argue that along with securing forest tenure and thereby reducing deforestation, application of reduced impact logging (RIL) and appropriate silvicultural system can enhance tropical forest carbon stock and help mitigate climate change.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2014

A key driver for climate change caused by global average temperature rise is greenhouse gas cumulative emissions that stay for long term in the atmosphere. Although at the moment there is no GHG emission, global warming will continue owing to GHG cumulative emission. In this study, scenarios are developed based on two types of optimistic and conservative diffusion goal. There were a total of 6 alternatives scenarios. The objective of this study are to compare scenarios in terms of GHG cumulative emissions and alternative fuels. An object of analysis is the residential buildings and time frame of scenarios is set up by 2030. And this study uses the LEAP model that is a bottom-up energy model. In conclusion, It is important to set specific diffusion pathway for mitigating climate change virtually.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.34-45
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• 2007

Environment of marine transportation market is changing rapidly. Due to globalization of world economy, marine transportation of cargos, especially trade using container boxes, is increasing dramatically. Fierce competition in the global market of container transportation forces the shipping industry to seek the economy of scale to reduce transportation cost, and drives the merge and alliance of liner shipping companies. Mega-sized container ships, having capacity over 10,000 TEU, were introduced, and appeared recently, in order to reduce the unit transportation cost. Korean shipping and shipbuilding companies are competitive, and have considerable market share in the global market. Even though both industries are inter-connected through ships and have many common interests in order to enlarge the global market share, inter-relation between two industries is surprisingly insignificant. In this paper current issues in the process of environmental change of marine cargo transportation are reviewed, and inter-relation of shipping and shipbuilding industries is discussed. Suggestions for inter-related development of Korean shipping and shipbuilding industries are given, and means for mutually beneficial collaboration are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2011

Changes in biota, species distribution range shift and catastrophic climate influence due to recent global warming have been observed during the last century. Since global warming affects various sectors, such as agriculture and vegetation, it is important to predict more accurate impact of future climate change. The purpose of this study is to examine the observed distribution of Abeliophyllum distichum in the Korean peninsula. For this purpose, two period (present and future) climate data were used. Mean data between 1950 and 2000, were used as the present value and the year 2050 and 2080 data from A1B senario in IPCC SRES were used for the future value. Potential habitation is analyzed by MaxEnt(Maximum Entropy model), and Abeliophyllum distichum's coordinates data were used as a dependent variable and independent variables are composed of environmental data such as BioClim, altitude, aspect and slope. The result of six types GCM mean calculation, the potential habitability decreased by 40-60% of the average existing distribution. The methodogies and results of this research can be applicable to the climate changing adaptation stratiegies for the biodiversity conservation.