• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2017

The CNC machine tool field is showing a growing trend with the recent rapid development of manufacturing industries such as semiconductors, automobiles, medical devices, various inspection and test equipment, mechanical metal processing equipment, aircraft, shipbuilding and electronic equipment. However, small and medium-sized machining companies that use CNC machine tools are experiencing difficulties in increasingly intense competition. Especially, small companies which are receiving orders from 3rd or 4th venders are very difficult in business management. In recent years, company S experienced difficulty to make product quality and delivery time due to the ignorance of the processing method when manufacturing cooling plate jig made of SUS304 material used for cell phone liquid crystal glass processing. In order to solve these problems, we redesigned the process according to the size of our company and tried to manage all processes with quantified data. In the meantime, we have found that there is a need to improve the cutter process, which accounts for most of the machining process. Therefore, we have investigated the correlation between RPM and FEED of three cutters that have been used in the past. As a result, we found that it is the most urgent problem to solve the roughing process during the cutter operation which occupies more than 70% of the total machining. In order to shorten the machining time and improve the quality in machining of SUS304 cooling plate jig, we select the main factors such as price, tool life, maintenance cost, productivity, quality, RPM, and FEED and use AHP to find the most suitable milling cutter. We also tried to solve the problem of delivery, quality and production capacity which was a big problem of S company through experiment operation with selected cutter tool. As a result, the following conclusions were drawn. First, the most efficient of the three cutters currently available in the machining center has proven to be an M-cutter. Second, although one additional facility was required, it was possible to produce the existing facilities without additional investment by supplementing the lack of production capacity due to productivity improvement. Third, the Company's difficulties in delivery and capacity shortfalls have been resolved. Fourth, annual sales increased by KRW 109 million and profits increased by KRW 32 million annually. Fifth, it can confirm the usefulness of AHP method in corporate decision making and it can be utilized in various facility investment and process improvement in the future.

• Composites Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2015

선박 분야에서 이산화탄소($CO_2$) 배출을 줄이고 연료 효율을 높이기 위한 방법의 하나로 항해하는 선박의 공기 저항을 줄이기 위한 에어 스포일러를 장착하는 방안이 검토될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 대형 선박에 적용될 수 있는 복합재 에어 스포일러의 체결부를 설계하고, 이에 대한 정적, 피로강도를 평가하였다. 하중은 선박의 운항 중 발생하는 청파(Green Water Pressure) 0.1 MPa이 에어 스포일러에 수직하게 가해지는 것으로 가정하였다. 에어 스포일러는 유리섬유 면재에 발사 코어를 갖는 샌드위치 형태로 제작하였고, 여러 개의 샌드위치 패널이 셀(Cell) 형태로 강(Steel) 프레임에 볼트로 체결되는 것으로 가정하였다. 에어 스포일러와 프레임의 체결부는 베어링 파손을 가지도록 설계하고, 정적(베어링) 시험과 피로(4점 굽힘) 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 결과 개발된 에어 스포일러는 정해진 외부하중을 견딜 수 있는 충분한 안전여유를 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 개발된 에어 스포일러는 조만간 대형 상업용 선박에 적용될 예정이다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1251-1251
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• 2001

The routine analysis of milk chemical components is of major importance both for the management of animals in dairy farms and for quality control in dairy industries. NIRS technology is an analytical technique which greatly simplifies this routine. One of the most critical aspects in NIRS analysis of milk is sample preparation and analysis modes which should be fast and straightforward. An important difficulty when obtaining NIR spectra of milk is the high water content (80 to 90%) of this product, since water absorbs most of the infrared radiation, and, therefore, limits the accuracy of calibrating for other constituents. To avoid this problem, the DESIR system was set up. Other ways of radiation-sample interaction adapted for liquids or semi-liquids exist, which are practically instantaneous and with limited or null necessity of sample preparation: Transmission and Folded Transmission or Transflectance. The objective of the present work is to compare the precision and accuracy of milk calibration equations in two analysis modes: Reflectance (dry milk) and Folded Transmission (liquid milk). A FOSS-NIR Systems 6500 I spectrophotometer (400-2500 nm) provided with a spinning module was used. Two NIR spectroscopic methods for milk analysis were compared: a) folded transmission: liquid milk samples in a 0.1 pathlength sample cell (ref. IH-0345) and b) reflectance: dried milk samples in glass fibre filters placed in a standard ring cell. A set of 101 milk samples was used to develop the calibration equations, for the two NIR analysis modes, to predict casein, protein, fat and dry matter contents, and 48 milk samples to predict Somatic Cell Count (SCC). The calibrations obtained for protein, fat and dry matter have an excellent quantitative prediction power, since they present $r^2$ values higher than 0.9. The $r^2$ values are slightly lower for casein and SCC (0.88 and 0.89 respectively), but they still are sufficiently high. The accuracy of casein, protein and SCC equations is not affected by the analysis modes, since their ETVC values are very similar in reflectance and folded transmission (0.19% vs 0.21%; 0.16% vs 0.19% and 55.57% vs 53.11% respectively), Lower SECV values were obtained for the prediction of fat and dry matter with the folded transmission equations (0.14% and 0.25% respectively) compared to the results with the reflectance ones (0.43% and 0.34% respectively). In terms of accuracy and speed of analytical response, NIRS analysis of liquid milk is recommended (folded transmission), since the drying procedure takes 24 hours. However, both analysis modes offer satisfactory results.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2012

A Macroscopic combination of two or more distinct materials is commonly referred to as a "Composite Material", having been designed mechanically and chemically superior in function and characteristic than its individual constituent materials. Composite materials are used not only for aerospace and military, but also heavily used in boat/ship building and general composite industries which we are seeing increasingly more. Regardless of the various applications for composite materials, the industry is still limited and requires better fabrication technology and methodology in order to expand and grow. An example of this is that the majority of fabrication facilities nearby still use an antiquated wet lay-up process where fabrication still requires manual hand labor in a 3D environment impeding productivity of composite product design advancement. As an expert in the advanced composites field, I have developed fabrication skills with the use of machinery based on my past composite experience. In autumn 2011, the Korea government confirmed to fund my project. It is the development of a composite sanding machine. I began development of this semi-robotic prototype beginning in 2009. It has possibilities of replacing or augmenting the exhaustive and difficult jobs performed by human hands, such as sanding, grinding, blasting, and polishing in most often, very awkward conditions, and is also will boost productivity, improve surface quality, cut abrasive costs, eliminate vibration injuries, and protect workers from exposure to dust and airborne contamination. Ease of control and operation of the equipment in or outside of the sanding room is a key benefit to end-users. It will prove to be much more economical than normal robotics and minimize errors that commonly occur in factories. The key components and their technologies are a 360 degree rotational shoulder and a wrist that is controlled under PLC controller and joystick manual mode. Development on both of the key modules is complete and are now operational. The Korean government fund boosted my development and I expect to complete full scale development no later than 3rd quarter 2012. Even with the advantages of composite materials, there is still the need to repair or to maintain composite products with a higher level of technology. I have learned many composite repair skills on composite airframe since many composite fabrication skills including repair, requires training for non aerospace applications. The wind energy market is now requiring much larger blades in order to generate more electrical energy for wind farms. One single blade is commonly 50 meters or longer now. When a wind blade becomes damaged from external forces, on-site repair is required on the columns even under strong wind and freezing temperature conditions. In order to correctly obtain polymerization, the repair must be performed on the damaged area within a very limited time. The use of pre-impregnated glass fabric and heating silicone pad and a hot bonder acting precise heating control are surely required.

• 복식
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• 제22권
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• pp.263-276
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• 1994

The achievement of notable social reoforms attained during the period of 19th and 20th centuries needlessly speaking remodelded the social environmental into several different patterns such as :1) high industrialization 2) propensity to consume 3) up graded overall social stands. Accordingly the industrial world of the but-tons too established the mess production syhstem by breaking from convention of hand-craft work of 17th century. The raw materials used in the production line on buttons during the 20th century are almost all-kind of materials one can possibly named including cheap plastic which enabled production lines to produce cheaper but higher productivities of the buttons being produced, The design (incused design) used in the 19-20h centuries are : men landscape, sports features, birds, livestocks, bugs, or geomatric features, tec, 1, The classification o f the buttons by materials Techniques shapes colors marking (Incused design) used in the productionof buttons in the England United States of America Laska Italy france Denmark Japan and India are categolizzed as : natural raw materials and syntetical resines. 1) Of the natural raw materials used are : Matal Enamel Iodine Agate, Coral, Green jade(Jasper) Granite, Wood, Ivory, Horn and bone etc. 2) The sythetical resin used in the button in-dustries are : Artificial jewell glass Acrylic material Styroform Celluloid and Nylon etc. 2. The thecnique quoted in producing buttons are hand craft work inlay work precision casting press mosic dye etching, processing, engraving and embossed carving etc. 3. The major designs used in the buttons in -dustries are : Round shape however elliptical column angular and edge shape often used. 4. The colors used are : The multi-colors were highly used than mono-colored materials such as : Adjoining Color and Contrast Color. The highest consideration to be considered in choosing the colors for the buttons are harmonization and matching factor with the garment or dresses to be wore. 5. The major design(incused design) on the buttons are embodiment and the design were also used in order of abstractive-combination abstractive with has offers much surprising. The button industries during the 19th and 20th centuries were not only the determination factors those can judge the value of self-pride of Nation and which were far beyond the in-dustrial arts in those days but also highly refelected and influenced by cultural sense ideology and self-pride of the Nation of those period. The followings are details of the role of the buttons categolized in the order of functional ornamental and symbolical aspects : 1. The functional role : The functional role of the buttons were simply designed for dress how-ever the buttons beyond from this role of function now a days. 2. The ornamental role : The ornamental role of he button beyond from this role of the button were effectuated by : 1) shape materials colors 2) technique locations size and design (incused design) 3) The ramaterials used for buttons shall not be over looked because it is highly depends on the taste sense and combination of harmony with the garment to be wore. 4) The color of the buttons are made well contrasted with the color of garments just as in the case of other artistical area such as matchs with the color of garment of contrast with brigtness of colors contrasted as complementary color and so and so. 5) The technique being adoped are: precision casting press handcraft inlay work etching mosic etc,. Since the buttons are no longer a simple catching devise used to fasten together the different part of the dress but now it has formed own and occupied the independent role in the garment or dresses location can be de-termined and varying depending on the ideas of designers. The size of the buttons has no specific limits, However the variation has widely dependined on the entire circumperence rhythm contrast harmonization of the garments. 3. The symbolical role : Since the button is no longer a just a simple devise for catching and fastening device used fastening together the different part of the garments but now were built a independent area as major part of the Garment and well reflected all kinds of occupations political background cultural as-pect etc. on the buttons. The design of buttons in the western circles are more simplified but they are polished looks and their techniques of manufacturing are comination of both machanis and handcraft. The colors used in the buttons are pretty well harmonized with garment(dress). Almost all kind of materials can be used in the but-tons however materials used in the buttons are : Bone of livestocks ivory, turtle shell are no longer used because the prevention of cruely of animal. On the contraly the level of buttons indus-try of Korea is far to reach and catch up with the level of western circles. It is highly suggested therefore the but-tons industrial field of Republic of Korea shall place and encouragement in producing beter industrial environment of the buttons based on the traditional and cultural aspect of republic of Korea to produce both manufacturing of qulified and best designed and colored buttons.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

목적: 플라스틱 안경렌즈용 모노머 소재는 거의 전량이 선진국으로부터 국내안경관련 업체가 수입해오고 있는 실정이며 FTA 대비 및 침체되어 가고 있는 안경관련 산업의 활성화를 위해서는 플라스틱 안경렌즈 관련 재료 개발이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 안경렌즈용 소재의 수입대체 효과를 얻기 위해서는 새로운 플라스틱 안경렌즈의 모노머 소재 개발이 절실히 필요하다. 본 연구는 새로운 우레탄계 초고굴절률 플라스틱 안경렌즈 모노머 수지를 합성하고 이를 이용한 안경렌즈 제조한 후, 안경렌즈의 특성을 연구하고자 한다. 방법: 초고굴절용으로 사용가능한 안경렌즈 수지인 ETS-4(2-(2-mercaptoethylthio)-3-{2-[3-mercapto-2-(2-mercaptoethylthio) propylthio]ethylthio}propane-1-thiol)를 합성하고, 이 물질의 확인 및 특성을 연구하기 위해 원소분석, EI-MS, TGA, FT-IR 분광기, ^1H$ 및 $^{13}C$ NMR 분광기 등을 이용하였고 모노머 수지와 디이소시아네이트를 혼합하여 균일하게 섞은 후, 안경몰드에 케스팅하고 가열경화하여 얻은 안경렌즈의 광학적인 특성을 조사하기 위해 굴절률 및 아베수를 측정하여 비교하였다. 결과: 합성하고자 하는 소재는 원소분석, EI-MS, TGA, FT-IR 분광기, ^1H$ 및 $^{13}C$ NMR 분광기 등의 측정에서 얻은 결과에 의하면 합성되었다는 확인하였고, 합성물질은 세 가지의 이성질체의 존재를 $^{13}C$ NMR 분광법으로 확인 할 수 있다. 아베굴절계로 측정한 액상 상태의 모노머 굴절률은 1.647이었다. ETS-4 모노머 및 디이소시아네이트 종을 이용하여 제조한 안경렌지의 생지는 무색투명하며, 생지의 굴절률은 1.656~1.680 이었다. 결론: 새로운 초고굴절용 플라스틱 안경렌즈의 모노머를 합성하고, 그 물질의 구조 및 특성을 연구하였다. 이를 이용하여 제조한 플라스틱 안경렌즈는 무색투명하며 특성이 우수하여 상업화가 가능하다.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.543-553
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• 2023

본 연구는 국내 산업원료 광물인 납석의 지속적이고 체계적인 개발과 안정적인 수급 관리를 위할 목적으로 국내 납석 광산 현황을 살펴보고 산업용 원료로써 그 활용 방안을 모색하기 위함이다. 국내 납석 광산은 대부분 중생대 화산암류가 열수변질을 받아 형성된 광상으로써, 납석의 주 구성 광물인 엽납석의 물리적 특성은 비중 2.65~2.90, 굳기 1~2, 밀도 1.60~1.80, 내화도 29 이상이며, 색은 보통 백색, 회색, 회백색, 회녹색, 황색, 황녹색을 띠는 것으로 나타났다. 국내 납석의 화학성분 중 SiO₂와 Al₂O₃는 엽납석의 경우 58.2~67.2%와 23.1~28.8%, 엽납석 + 딕카이트의 경우 49.2~72.6%와 16.5~31.0%, 엽납석 + 일라이트의 경우 45.1%와 23.3%, 일라이트의 경우 43.1~82.3%와 11.4~35.8%, 딕카이트의 경우 37.6~69.0%와 19.6~35.3%인 것으로 분석되었다. 국내 납석 광산의 분포는 한반도 남서부와 남동부 지역에 집중해서 분포하며, 그 외에 한반도 동북부 지역에도 일부 분포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 국내 납석 생산 광산은 21개이며, 매장량은 전남(45.6%) > 충북(30.8%) > 경남(13.0%) > 강원(4.8%), 경북(4.8%) 순으로 전남이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 국내 납석 생산량 상의 10개 광산은 중앙자원광산(37.9%) > 완도광산(25.6%) > 나주세라믹광산(13.4%) > 청석-사지원광산(5.4%) > 경주광산(5.0%) > 백암광산(5.0%) > 민경-노화도광산(3.3%) > 부곡광산(2.3%) > 진해납석광산(2.2%) > 보해광산 순인 것으로 분석되었다. 납석은 열전전도, 열팽창성, 열변형, 팽창계수, 부피밀도가 낮고, 내열성과 부식 저항성이 높으며, 살균 및 살충 효능이 우수한 성질이 있으므로 내화 재료, 도자기 재료, 시멘트 첨가제, 살균및 살충 제조재, 충전재 등 다양한 분야에 활용되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 납석은 수처리 세라믹 분리막 소재, 디젤엔지 배기가스 저감장치 세라믹 필터 소재, 그리고 유리섬유 및 LCD 패널 소재 등 활용범위가 첨단산업분야로까지 확대되는 것으로 분석되었다.