• Title/Summary/Keyword: Glass frits

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Sol-gel Derived Nano-glass for Silicon Solar Cell Metallization (솔-젤법에 의해 제조된 실리콘 태양전지 전극형성용 나노 글래스)

  • Kang, Seong Gu;Lee, Chang Wan;Chung, Yoon Jang;Kim, Chang-Gyoun;Kim, Seongtak;Kim, Donghwan;Lee, Young Kuk
    • Current Photovoltaic Research
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.173-176
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    • 2014
  • We have investigated the seed layer formation of front side contact using the inkjet printing process. Conductive silver ink was printed on textured Si wafers with 80 nm thick $SiN_x$ anti reflection coating (ARC) layers and thickened by light induced plating (LIP). The inkjet printable sliver inks were specifically formulated for inkjet printing on these substrates. Also, a novel method to prepare nano-sized glass frits by the sol-gel process with particle sizes around 5 nm is presented. Furthermore, dispersion stability of the formulated ink was measured using a Turbiscan. By implementing these glass frits, it was found that a continuous and uniform seed layer with a line width of $40{\mu}m$ could be formed by a inkjet printing process. We also investigated the contact resistance between the front contact and emitter using the transfer length model (TLM). On an emitter with the sheet resistance of $60{\Omega}/sq$, a specific contact resistance (${\rho}_c$) below $10m{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ could be achieved at a peak firing temperature around $700^{\circ}C$. In addition, the correlation between the contact resistance and interface microstructures were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We found that the added glass particles act as a very effective fire through agent, and Ag crystallites are formed along the interface glass layer.

Effect of $Al_2O_3$ Particle Size on Thermal Properties of Glass-Ceramics for LTCC Material (저온동시소성용 결정화 유리의 필러 사이즈가 열적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Jin-Ho;Hwang, Seong-Jin;Lee, Sang-Wook;Kim, Hyung-Sun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.281-281
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    • 2007
  • Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology has been used in electronic device for various functions. LTCC technology is to fire dielectric ceramic and a conductive electrode such as Ag or Cu thick film below the temperature of $900^{\circ}C$ simultaneously. The glass-ceramic has been widely used for LTCC materials due to its low sintering temperature, high mechanical properties and low dielectric constants. To obtain the high strength, addition of filler, the microstructure should have various crystals and low pores in a composite. In this study, two glass frits were mixed with different alumina size(0.5, 2, 3.7um) and sintered at the range of $850{\sim}950^{\circ}C$. The microstructure, crystal phases, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated using FE-SEM, XRD, TG-DTA, Dilatomer. When the particle size of $Al_2O_3$ filler increased, the starting temperatures for the densification of the sintered bodies, onset point of crystallization, peak crystallization temperature in the glass-ceramic composites decreased gradually. After sintered at $900^{\circ}C$, the glass frits were crystallized as $CaAl_2Si_2O_8\;and\;CaMgSi_2O_6$. The purpose of our study is to understand the relationship between the $Al_2O_3$ particle size and thermal properties in composites.

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Sintering and Dielectric Properties of K2O-CaO-P2O5 Glasses-BNT(BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2) Ceramic Composites (K2O-CaO-P2O5계 유리-BNT(BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2)계 세라믹 복합체의 소결 및 유전특성)

  • 오영석;이용수;강원호;정병해;김형순
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.40 no.10
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    • pp.954-960
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    • 2003
  • To develop mobile phone antenna modules, glass-ceramics composites that are 20∼80 dielectric constant materials which has been fabricated. The glass-ceramics composites were based in the BNT (BaO-Nd$_2$O$_3$-TiO$_2$), and properties-a sintering and dielectric property-were investigated in its composites according to the $K_2$O-CaO-P$_2$O$_{5}$ system glass frits. The prepared ceramics were sintered at 900∼120$0^{\circ}C$ with the glass frit contents ranging from 10 to 40 wt%. The shrinkage and relative density grew into increasing glass frits and sintering temperature. Sintered composites showed the tendency that the dielectric constant ($\varepsilon$$_{r}$) and quality factor (Q${\times}$f) decreased in increasing glass frits and sintering temperature.

Effects of Glass Particle Size on Sintering Behaviors of the Glass-Alumina Composites for Low Firing Temperature (저온 소성용 유리-알루미나 복합체에서 유리 입자크기에 따른 소결거동)

  • 박덕훈;김봉철;김정주;박이순
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.545-551
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    • 2000
  • Sintering behaviors of the glass-alumina composites for low firing temperature were investigated as a function of the particle size of glass frit. The system of glass frit was Pb-B-Si-Al-O. The median particle sizes of the glass frits were 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$, 2.67$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$, which were prepared with changing ball-milling times as 24 h, 48 h and 96 h. The glass-alumina composites showed maximum density at certain temperature, and further heating led to dedensification behaviors, so called over-firing. The sintering temperature, which showed maximum density, raised from 425$^{\circ}C$ to 475$^{\circ}C$ with increase of particle size of glass frit from 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$ to 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$. Especially, the over firing behaviors, which were occurred at high sintering temperatures, were greatly increased with decrease of particle size of glass frit.

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Porous Glass Electroosmotic Pumps Reduced Bubble Generation Using Reversible Redox Solutions (가역적 산화환원반응 용액을 이용하여 기포 발생을 줄인 다공성 유리막 전기삼투 펌프)

  • Kwon, Kil-Sung;Kim, Dae-Joong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.36 no.7
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    • pp.753-757
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents the performance of a porous glass electroosmotic pump using an iodide/triiodide aqueous solution. The porous glass electroosmotic pump is characterized in terms of the flow rate and voltage. The flow rate and voltage increases linearly with current. A point where the voltage significantly increases is observed owing to an excess in redox capacity. The transition time monotonously decreases with current. The normalized flow rate (flow rate per membrane surface area) is used to compare previous results with results obtained in this study. The normalized flow rate of porous glass frits is three times higher than that of Nafion 117.

The Effects of Insulating Materials on the Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline FeCuNbSiB Alloy Powder Cores (FeCuNbSiB 나노결정립 합금 분말코아의 자기적 특성에 미치는 절연체의 영향)

  • Noh, T.H.;Choi, H.Y.
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.186-191
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    • 2004
  • The variation of magnetic properties with insulating materials(glass frits, talc and polyamide) in compressed powder cores composed of Fe$\sub$73.5/Cu$_1$Nb$_3$Si$\sub$15.5/B$\sub$7/ nanocrystalline alloy powders(size: 250~850 $\mu\textrm{m}$) and 3 wt% insulators has been investigated. Larger permeability was obtained at the frequency lower than 300~400 kHz for the powder cores including ceramic insulators(glass frits and talc) as compared to the cores with polyamide, while at higher frequency than 1 MHz the permeability of the former cores decreased rapidly. Further the cores with ceramic insulators showed larger core loss and smaller peak quality factor attained at lower frequency. On the contrary, the powder cores with polyamide exhibited high stability of permeabilities up to several MHz and superior core-loss and quality-factor properties. Moreover the dc bias property was better in the wide field range for the cores having polyamide. The enhanced magnetic properties of polyamide-added cores were attributed to the more sufficient electrical insulation between magnetic particles, where the higher insulation state was considered to be obtained from the larger volume fraction of polyamide in the powder cores.

Effects of constituents in CNT pastes on the field emission characteristics of carbon nanotubes

  • Yoon, Seung-Il;Kim, Sam-Soo;Lee, Yang-Kyu;Kim, Tae-Kwon;Lee, Dong-Gu
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.08a
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    • pp.1206-1209
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    • 2006
  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been significantly used for the field emitters for display applications. However, the lifetime of CNT emitters which are formed by screen printing technique is not guaranteed yet, because the constituents in CNT paste affect the lifetime of CNTs. The CNT pastes for screen printing are normally composed of organic vehicles (nitro cellulose, ethyl cellulose, etc) and additives (glass frits, ITO, etc) with CNTs. In this study, the effects of constituents in CNT pastes on the lifetime and emission characteristics of CNTs were investigated by thermal and electrical analysis. Use of glass frits worsened the lifetime and electron emission of CNTs. However, an addition of ITO to CNT paste rather improved the lifetime of CNTs. Degradation of CNTs was small when nitro cellulose was used in CNT paste as an organic vehicle.

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Effect of Glass Additions on the Adhesion and Electrical Conductivity of Photoimageable Silver Paste

  • Lee, Eun-Heay;Heo, Yu-Jin;Kim, Hyo-Tae;Kim, Jong-Hee
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.63-70
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    • 2011
  • Anorthite forming glass frits in amounts up to 25 vol% of the silver powder were added to improve the adhesion between the conductor pattern formed by thick film photoimageable process and the low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) substrate. The sheet resistance of the conductor pattern was raised from 0.13 ${\Omega}/{\square}$ to 2.25 ${\Omega}/{\square}$ as the volume percentage of glass frit increased up to 25 vol%. The adhesion strength was improved with this glass frit increase, but it decreased when the glass content exceeded 20 vol% which are possibly attributed to the liquid pool effect and the reduced fracture toughness in the interface between conductor and LTCC layer. The shrinkage of the width of the conductor pattern decreased with the addition of glass contents.

Gaseous Changes during Discharge ant Thermal Treatment in Plasma Display Panel (PDP)

  • Hwang, Ji-Hee;Yang, Seung-Jean;Jun, Moon-Gue;Kim, Young-Chai
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.07b
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    • pp.1199-1202
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    • 2005
  • Inside of working PDP, there exist highly reactive conditions in the gap between two glass panels. MgO film and phosphor have been investigated as a function of discharge, also phosphor and sealing frits have been investigated as a function of temperature. Changes of impurity generation of MgO, phosphor and sealing fits were measured by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and quadropole mass spectroscopy (XPS) and quadropole mass spectrometer (QMS). Impurities such as CO, $CO_2$, OH and $H_2O$ were increased during discharge and heating treatment. Gaseous impurities such as carbon compounds and water deteriorated the characteristics of PDP operation during of lifetime. So metal is used to remove the impurities of phosphor and sealing frits during hearting, the result that the quantity of the impurities such as carbon monoxide and water was reduced.

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Laser-Heating Characteristics of CuO-Incorporating Glasses

  • Lee, Jungki;Kim, Jongwoo;Kim, Hyungsun
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.119-122
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    • 2015
  • Laser sealing with glass frits appears a promising technology for sealing various electronic devices (e.g., solar cells, displays) due to its several advantages. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between the composition of glasses and their laser-heating conditions. To allow glass to be sealed using laser heating, CuO was added to two different glass systems, in different amounts. The optical absorptivity of the glass samples was related directly to their CuO content. The laser-heating temperature and the CuO content exhibited a proportional relationship. Furthermore, the heating temperature increased linearly with the laser power used. From these results, we could determine the appropriate laser-heating conditions and CuO content for sealing electronic devices using laser-sealing technology.