• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.173-176
• /
• 2014

We have investigated the seed layer formation of front side contact using the inkjet printing process. Conductive silver ink was printed on textured Si wafers with 80 nm thick $SiN_x$ anti reflection coating (ARC) layers and thickened by light induced plating (LIP). The inkjet printable sliver inks were specifically formulated for inkjet printing on these substrates. Also, a novel method to prepare nano-sized glass frits by the sol-gel process with particle sizes around 5 nm is presented. Furthermore, dispersion stability of the formulated ink was measured using a Turbiscan. By implementing these glass frits, it was found that a continuous and uniform seed layer with a line width of $40{\mu}m$ could be formed by a inkjet printing process. We also investigated the contact resistance between the front contact and emitter using the transfer length model (TLM). On an emitter with the sheet resistance of $60{\Omega}/sq$, a specific contact resistance (${\rho}_c$) below $10m{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ could be achieved at a peak firing temperature around $700^{\circ}C$. In addition, the correlation between the contact resistance and interface microstructures were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We found that the added glass particles act as a very effective fire through agent, and Ag crystallites are formed along the interface glass layer.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.281-281
• /
• 2007

Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology has been used in electronic device for various functions. LTCC technology is to fire dielectric ceramic and a conductive electrode such as Ag or Cu thick film below the temperature of $900^{\circ}C$ simultaneously. The glass-ceramic has been widely used for LTCC materials due to its low sintering temperature, high mechanical properties and low dielectric constants. To obtain the high strength, addition of filler, the microstructure should have various crystals and low pores in a composite. In this study, two glass frits were mixed with different alumina size(0.5, 2, 3.7um) and sintered at the range of $850{\sim}950^{\circ}C$. The microstructure, crystal phases, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated using FE-SEM, XRD, TG-DTA, Dilatomer. When the particle size of $Al_2O_3$ filler increased, the starting temperatures for the densification of the sintered bodies, onset point of crystallization, peak crystallization temperature in the glass-ceramic composites decreased gradually. After sintered at $900^{\circ}C$, the glass frits were crystallized as $CaAl_2Si_2O_8\;and\;CaMgSi_2O_6$. The purpose of our study is to understand the relationship between the $Al_2O_3$ particle size and thermal properties in composites.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제40권10호
• /
• pp.954-960
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 모바일 폰 안테나 모듈용 유전체 재료를 개발을 위해 20∼80의 유전율을 가지는 유리-세라믹스 복합체를 제조하고자 하였다. BaO-Nd$_2$O$_3$-TiO$_2$계 세라믹스에 $K_2$O-CaO-P$_2$O$_{5}$계 글래스 프릿의 첨가를 통해 제조된 글래스-세라믹스 복합체의 소결특성과 유전특성을 조사하였다. BaO-Nd$_2$O$_3$-TiO$_2$계 세라믹스에 글래스 프릿을 10∼40 wt% 범위로 첨가하였고, 900∼120$0^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 소결하였다. 그 결과로서, $K_2$O-CaO-P$_2$O$_{5}$계 글래스 프릿의 첨가량이 증가하고 소결온도가 증가할수록 소결수축률과 상대밀도가 증가하였다. 또한 유전율($\varepsilon$$_{r}$)과 품질계수(Q${\times}$f)는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.545-551
• /
• 2000

Sintering behaviors of the glass-alumina composites for low firing temperature were investigated as a function of the particle size of glass frit. The system of glass frit was Pb-B-Si-Al-O. The median particle sizes of the glass frits were 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$, 2.67$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$, which were prepared with changing ball-milling times as 24 h, 48 h and 96 h. The glass-alumina composites showed maximum density at certain temperature, and further heating led to dedensification behaviors, so called over-firing. The sintering temperature, which showed maximum density, raised from 425$^{\circ}C$ to 475$^{\circ}C$ with increase of particle size of glass frit from 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$ to 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$. Especially, the over firing behaviors, which were occurred at high sintering temperatures, were greatly increased with decrease of particle size of glass frit.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제36권7호
• /
• pp.753-757
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 요오드이온과 삼요오드이온의 가역적인 산화환원 반응에 의하여 기포를 생성하지 않는 다공성 유리막 전기삼투펌프의 성능 평가에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 다공성 유리막 전기삼투펌프의 성능은 유량과 전압으로 측정되었다. 전기삼투펌프의 유량과 전압은 적용 전류가 증가할 때 선형적으로 증가하였고, 전압의 경우 일정 시간 후 작동 유체가 산화환원반응을 할 수 있는 용량의 초가로 인하여 급격히 전압이 증가하는 변이 지점이 발생하였다. 변이시간은 전류의 증가에 의하여 단조적으로 감소하였다. 유량을 표면적으로 나눈 표준화된 유량을 이용하여 다공성 유리막과 이전 나피온 막에서의 펌핑 성능을 비교하였고, 다공성 유리막에서 대략 3 배정도 높은 수치를 가졌다.

• 한국자기학회지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.186-191
• /
• 2004

250～850 $\mu\textrm{m}$ 크기의 FeCuNbSiB 나노결정립 합금분말에 3wt%의 전기절연체(glass frits, 활석 또는 폴리아미드 분말)를 혼합한 뒤 압축성형하여 분말코아를 만들었을 때, 절연물질의 종류에 따른 자기적 특성의 변화를 조사하고 그 결과를 비교하였다. 세라믹 물질인 glass frits와 활석은 폴리아미드에 비해 수백 kHz이하의 주파수 범위에서 높은 투자율을 나타내나 1 MHz 이상의 주파수에서는 투자율이 빠르게 낮아지는 거동을 보였다 자심손실은 glass frits와 활석을 첨가한 자심 쪽이 더 크며, 품질계수는 폴리아미드를 첨가한 자심보다 더 낮은 주파수에서 피크를 나타내고 그 값도 더 작았다. 반면 폴리아미드로 절연처리한 자심의 경우 수 MHz에 이르기까지 투자율의 저하가 거의 나타나지 않았으며, 더 우수한 자심손실 및 품질계수 특성을 보여 주었다. 그리고 직류중첩특성 또한 폴리아미드를 첨가한 자심이 100 Oe이상의 큰 자장에 이르기까지 더 우수하였다. 폴리아미드를 절연체로 사용한 경우 그 밀도가 낮음으로 인해 결국 더 많은 체적비로 혼합되므로 자성 입자 사이의 전기적 절연을 보다 더 충분히 해주고 있는 것으로 판단되었으며, 세라믹 물질을 절연체로 사용했을 때와의 이상과 같은 자기적 특성의 차이는 이 사실에 주로 의존하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.1206-1209
• /
• 2006

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been significantly used for the field emitters for display applications. However, the lifetime of CNT emitters which are formed by screen printing technique is not guaranteed yet, because the constituents in CNT paste affect the lifetime of CNTs. The CNT pastes for screen printing are normally composed of organic vehicles (nitro cellulose, ethyl cellulose, etc) and additives (glass frits, ITO, etc) with CNTs. In this study, the effects of constituents in CNT pastes on the lifetime and emission characteristics of CNTs were investigated by thermal and electrical analysis. Use of glass frits worsened the lifetime and electron emission of CNTs. However, an addition of ITO to CNT paste rather improved the lifetime of CNTs. Degradation of CNTs was small when nitro cellulose was used in CNT paste as an organic vehicle.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2011

Anorthite forming glass frits in amounts up to 25 vol% of the silver powder were added to improve the adhesion between the conductor pattern formed by thick film photoimageable process and the low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) substrate. The sheet resistance of the conductor pattern was raised from 0.13 ${\Omega}/{\square}$ to 2.25 ${\Omega}/{\square}$ as the volume percentage of glass frit increased up to 25 vol%. The adhesion strength was improved with this glass frit increase, but it decreased when the glass content exceeded 20 vol% which are possibly attributed to the liquid pool effect and the reduced fracture toughness in the interface between conductor and LTCC layer. The shrinkage of the width of the conductor pattern decreased with the addition of glass contents.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.II
• /
• pp.1199-1202
• /
• 2005

Inside of working PDP, there exist highly reactive conditions in the gap between two glass panels. MgO film and phosphor have been investigated as a function of discharge, also phosphor and sealing frits have been investigated as a function of temperature. Changes of impurity generation of MgO, phosphor and sealing fits were measured by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and quadropole mass spectroscopy (XPS) and quadropole mass spectrometer (QMS). Impurities such as CO, $CO_2$, OH and $H_2O$ were increased during discharge and heating treatment. Gaseous impurities such as carbon compounds and water deteriorated the characteristics of PDP operation during of lifetime. So metal is used to remove the impurities of phosphor and sealing frits during hearting, the result that the quantity of the impurities such as carbon monoxide and water was reduced.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.119-122
• /
• 2015

Laser sealing with glass frits appears a promising technology for sealing various electronic devices (e.g., solar cells, displays) due to its several advantages. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between the composition of glasses and their laser-heating conditions. To allow glass to be sealed using laser heating, CuO was added to two different glass systems, in different amounts. The optical absorptivity of the glass samples was related directly to their CuO content. The laser-heating temperature and the CuO content exhibited a proportional relationship. Furthermore, the heating temperature increased linearly with the laser power used. From these results, we could determine the appropriate laser-heating conditions and CuO content for sealing electronic devices using laser-sealing technology.