• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2014

Panax ginseng is one of the most important medicinal plants in Asia. Triterpene saponins, known as ginsenosides, are the major pharmacological compounds in P. ginseng. The present study was conducted to evaluate the changes in ginsenoside composition according to the foliation stage of P. ginseng cultured in a hydroponic system. Among the three tested growth stages (closed, intermediate, and opened), the highest amount of total ginsenoside in the main and fine roots was in the intermediate stage. In the leaves, the highest amount of total ginsenoside was in the opened stage. The total ginsenoside content of the ginseng leaf was markedly increased in the transition from the closed to intermediate stage, and increased more slowly from the intermediate to opened leaf stage, suggesting active biosynthesis of ginsenosides in the leaf. Conversely, the total ginsenoside content of the main and fine roots decreased from the intermediate to opened leaf stage. This suggests movement of ginsenosides during foliation from the root to the leaf, or vice versa. The difference in the composition of ginsenosides between the leaf and root in each stage of foliation suggests that the ginsenoside profile is affected by foliation stage, and this profile differs in each organ of the plant. These results suggest that protopanaxadiol- and protopanaxatriol(PPT)-type ginsenosides are produced according to growth stage to meet different needs in the growth and defense of ginseng. The higher content of PPT-type ginsenosides in leaves could be related to the positive correlation between light and PPT-type ginsenosides.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 1994

This study was carried out to get agronomic information about the tobacco culture in paddy soil where incidence of grey tobacco leaves used to appearly uptake of iron, manganese and chlorine due to soil acidity and high water level. Application of lime to paddy soil(pH5.4-5.6) reduced content of iron, manganese known as proceeding materials giving rise to variegated grey tobacco after curing, compared with non-treatment. Grey leaves were found mainly at lower and middle stalk positions, and incidence of grey tobacco was lowered by application of lime in the well drained field but was not affected by level of fertilizer application. Amendment of soil acidity by lime tended to decrease chlorine and manganese content in leaves. Nicotine and mangenese content of leaves were lowered by reduction of one-quarter fertilizer level. In case of lime treatment, increase of yield reached to 4-6% comparing with those of non-treatment but price per kg was not affected. Reduction of N fertilizer level to three-quarters had the equal yield but high quality of leaf comparing with standard fertilization in paddy field.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.248-251
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• 1983

차관율을 달리하여 Burley 21을 공시하고 급건엽 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 온도는 차광량이 적을수록 높았으며 상대온도는 떨어졌다. 2. 줄말림시 엽면에서 받는 광량은 10%미만으로 그 양이 적었다. 3. 건조경과는 차광량이 적을수록 빨랐으며, 급건엽도 더 발생하였다. 4. 품질은 처리간 유의차가 없었으나 물리성 및 연소성은 차광량이 적은 처리에서 떨어졌다. 이와 같이 차광효과는 실제 엽면에 수광량이 적어서 주로 온습도의 영향으로 보며 충분한 환기로 급건엽을 방지할 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1992

These studies were conducted to investigate effects of phytohormone and activated carbon on the growth and rooting of teratoma shoots induced from Nicotiana tabacum cv. NC2326 transformed by Aerobacterium tumefaciens C58. GA was effective for shoot elongation and reduction of multiple shoots from teratoma shoot, however, leaves of teratoma shoot cultured on the medium with GA were pointed. ABA was also effective in promoting shoot elongation, but was not for reduction of multiple shoots. Teratoma shoot cultured on the medium with 1 n activated carbon promoted shoot elongation and inhibited the number of shoots differentiated, but was grown as abnormal shoot. Addition of 1% activated carbon and 0.5mg/l BA to culture media was effective for shoot elongation and reduction of multiple shoot and for formation of round leaves as normal leaves. Though these shoots were inoculated on the rooting medium, they could not from roots but formed multiple shoots. Boric acid, myo-inositol and sucrose were also ineffective on the rooting of teratoma shoots.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1983

Tobacco leaves cultivated in Korea, U.S A., Greece and Turkey were analyzed for their essential oils that are solanone, nor- solanadione, damascenone, dana scone and mesa stigmatrienone (4- isomer). Regardless of tobacco varieties and cultivated localities, solanone was the most abundant. Among them particularly, Basma has the highest amounts of the solanone than other varieties. Flue-cured tobacco leaf has much higher amounts of damascellone than burley and aromatic tobacco leaf do. U.S. A. flue-cured, U.S. A. burley and Basma clave much higher concentration of solanone than corresponding Korean varieties, but significant differences could not be observed in other components. The order of total amounts of 8 essential oils in tobacco varieties were as follows; Aromatic) Burley) Flue-cured

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1972

The distribution, ultrastructure, and cytochemical properties of microbodies (peroxisomes) from the main roots and mature leaves of Panax ginseng were studied by electron microscopy included the activity of catalase in 3, 3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) medium at pH 9, using glutaraldehyde-fixed tissues. The microbodies, which are about $0.5{\sim}1.5{\mu}$ diameter, were described from mesophyll cells of mature leaves and storage cells and cambial cells of main roots. The microbodies of the ginseng include the coreless, homogeneous matrix, in which catalase activities are present.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 1988

1. 일복하의 투광율이 높을수록 엽면적은 감소되고 증산량은 증가되었으며 기공의 수는 차이가 없었으니 기공의 크기는 현저히 감소되었다. 2. 일복하의 투과율을 높일수록 전체엽록소 및 엽록소 a, b의 함량이 감소되었고 a/b율은 증가되었으며 carotenoid 함량도 감소되었는데 최대 광합성을 가져오는 엽록소함량은 온도에 관계없이 6월말 조사에서는 2.1mg이었고 8월말 조사에서는 1.8mg이었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.168-173
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• 1994

배초향의 지상부로 부터 수증기 증류법에 의해 정유성분을 분리한 다음 silica gel column chromatography에 의해 탄화수소화합물 분획과 함산소화합물 분확으로 나눈후 GC 및 GC-MS에 의해 각 분획의 성분조성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 배초향의 정유함량은 건물증량으로 잎에서는 0.29%, 꽃에서는 0.38%였으나 줄기에서는 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 2. 잎의 정유에서 분리한 탄화수소화합물 분획에서 확인된 13종의 성분중 주성분은 ${\beta}-caryophyllene(59.3%)$, limonene(13.1%), ${\delta}adinene$ (10.7%) 이었고, 함산소화합물 분획에서 확인된 44종의 성분중 주성분은 methyl chavicol(79.1%), cis-3-(l-propenyl)phenol(4.5%) 등이었다. 3. 잎과 꽃의 정유성분 조성에서 양적으로 가장 많이 함유된 성분은 methylchavicol 이었고, limonene, trans-2-hexenal, 1-octen-3-one, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one 및 phytol등은 잎에서 특징적으로 검출된 반면 jasmone 및 p-methoxyacetophenone등은 양적으로 미량이지만 꽃에서 많이 검출되었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1982

During the process of curing of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ) leaves the concentration change of Nonvolatile organic acids and Higher fatty acids of the flue-cured tobacco leaves was observed. The contents of Nonvolatile organic acids in flue-cured tobacco leaves were as follows, malic> oxalic>malonic>citric>succinic acid. Higher fatty acids was linolenic>Palmitic>oleic >stearic$\geqq$linoleic acid, Citric acid content of last curing time was increased about 4~5 times in compare to before curing tobacco. It was concluded that significant changes of three variety flue-cured tobacco but a significant difference was observed in the composition of Daegu gold variety.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2011

인삼을 지하부는 물론 지상부 경엽 부위를 채소용 또는 식품첨가물로 이용하기 위해 낮은 연령 인삼의 지상부 및 지하부의 메탄올 추출물을 이용한 생리활성물질 함량, 항산화성 및 세포독성을 분석하였다. 연령별 인삼의 초장, 근장, 근직경, 지상부 및 지하부 생체중을 기준으로 생육의 차이가 뚜렷하였다. Folin-Denis 방법에 따라 인삼의 메탄올 추출물로부터 총페놀함량을 측정한 결과, 지상부(22.0 - 76.3 mg $kg^{-1}$)가 지하부(19.0 - 28.3 mg $kg^{-1}$)보다 높은 함량을 보였다. 특히, 지상부는 연령이 낮을수록 지하부는 연령이 높을수록 높은 함량을 보였다. 한편, 연령별 인삼의 총플라보노이드 함량은 역시 지상부(23.3 - 138.6 mg $kg^{-1}$)가 지하부(0 - 10.8 mg $kg^{-1}$) 보다 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였다. 특히 지상부는 연령이 낮을수록 높은 함량을 보였고 지하부는 뚜렷한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 인삼연령별 항산화성을 분석한 결과 인삼의 지상부는 낮은 연령에서, 지하부는 높은 연령에서 높은 DPPH 라디컬 소거능을 보였다. 특히, 지상부의 경우 3년생이 추출물 2,500 mg $kg^{-1}$에서 82.8%로 가장 높은 활성을 보였고 그 다음이 l년생 75.3%, 2년생 68.6% 순으로 높은 활성을 보였으나 나머지 4, 5, 6년생은 40% 이하의 낮은 활성을 보였다. 한편, 지하부(14.8-39.4%)는 지상부 보다 낮은 활성을 보였고, 5년생, 6년생, 4년생, 3년생, 2년생, 1년생 순으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 인삼연령별 세포독성은 연령과 무관한 것으로 나타났으며 폐암세포주(Calu-6)에 대한 5년근의 세포생장 억제율은 52.8%로 가장 높았고, 대장암 세포주(HCT-116)에 대한 억제율은 3년생에서 79.1%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 연령별 생체중은 생리활성물질 함량 및 항산화성에 관련이 있으며, 특히 항산화성을 나타내는 DPPH 라디컬 소거능($r^2=0.7366-0.7870$)과 아질산염 제거능($r^2=0.5604-0.8794$)은 총페놀함량과 각각 높은 상관관계를 보여 직접적으로 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다.