• 제목/요약/키워드: Gingival bleeding on probing

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치주질환에 대한 한의치료의 환자성과, 연구 가능성, 예비 효과, 안전성 및 경제성 평가를 위한 예비 연구 프로토콜 (A Preliminary Study Protocol to Evaluate Patient Outcomes, Feasibility, Preliminary Effectiveness, Safety and Economic Evaluation of Korean Medicine Treatment for Periodontal Disease)

  • 이지윤;한경선
    • 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.14-26
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    • 2024
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a study on traditional Korean medicine treatments for periodontal diseases, specifically gingivitis and mild periodontitis. Methods : This study will employ a randomized, controlled, parallel-group design. Subjects with gingivitis and mild periodontitis will be recruited in one university hospital. In total, 45 subjects will be randomized into three arms (Acupuncture therapy group, herbal mouthwash group and usual care group), and will be followed up for 4 weeks. We will assess clinical variables such as, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, gingival index, plaque index, visual analog scale, uroqol-5 dimensions-5 levels to analyze changes in microbial flora before and after the intervention. Results : The protocol for this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Medicine Hospital, and registered with the Korean Clinical Trial Registry on March 29, 2024. Conclusions : This study is the first clinical research on periodontal diseases conducted in a Korean traditional medicine institution. The research aims to broaden the scope of traditional Korean medicine and is expected to serve as crucial data for future large-scale studies.

잔소리졸 함유 껌의 치태 및 치은염 억제 효과 (Effect of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza containing gum on reduction of the plaque and the gingivitis)

  • 박정철;송지은;권영진;신용목;황재관;김종관
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제46권5호
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    • pp.315-322
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a chewing gum containing 70% xylitol and 0.23% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract to remove dental plaque and reduce gingivitis when used as a supplement to daily toothbrushing for 3 weeks. The study group consisted of 75 adults with moderate gingvitis. Participants were divided into 3 groups(contol 1 group - Gum base, contol 2 group - 70% Xylitol, experiment group - 70% xylitol and 0.23% xanthorrhizol) and instructed to chew the study gum for 3 times daily for 3 weeks in addition to regular daily toothbrushing. Chewing xylitol/xanthorrhizol gum significantly reduced plaque index with significant difference by week 3(p<0.01). Gingival index and bleeding on probing were decreased in xy/ Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract group by 35.9% and 31.65% each in the same period. No adverse effects on the oral tissues were observed in any of the participants for the duration of the study. In conclusion, regular use of a chewing gum containing 70% xylitol and 0.23% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract appears safe and effective for the removal of dental plaque and reduction of gingivitis when used in conjunction with daily toothbrushing.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE - 흡연 환자에서의 치주치료와 임플란트 수술 (ORIGINAL ARTICLE - Considerations for Periodontal Treatment and Implant Therapy in Smoking Patient)

  • 박정철;황지완;정의원;김창성;조규성;최성호
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제49권10호
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    • pp.618-627
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    • 2011
  • Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for periodontaldiseases and implant treatments. Smoking control is regarded as a key to the success of dental treatments as well as the well-being of the patients. The aim of this study was to reviewthe effects of smoking on periodontal health, and the results of periodontal therapy and implant treatments. Also, in vitro, microbiological, immunological and epidemiological relationships were studied. In vitro studies show that smoking interferes with normal healing process and increased tissue destruction. There is still controversy on the population of microbes of smokers. Smokers showed significantly less gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing compared with non-smokers. After periodontal treatments, a compromised clinical outcome was noted for smokers in terms of pocket depth reduction and gain in attachment levels. In conclusion, data from in vitro, epidemiological, cross-sectional and case-control studies strongly suggest that quitting smoking is beneficial to patients before periodontal and implant treatments.

Peri-implant crevicular fluid levels of cathepsin-K, RANKL, and OPG around standard, short, and mini dental implants after prosthodontic loading

  • Alan, Raif;Marakoglu, Ismail;Haliloglu, Seyfullah
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제45권5호
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    • pp.169-177
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: Despite the high success rates of endosseous dental implants, their placement is restricted according to the height and volume of bone available. The use of short or mini dental implants could be one way to overcome this limitation. Thus, this study aimed to compare standard, short, and mini dental implants with regard to associated clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) levels of cathepsin-K (CTSK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG), after prosthodontic loading. Methods: A total of 78 non-submerged implants (Euroteknika, $Aesthetica^{+2}$, Sallanches, France) were installed in 30 subjects (13 male, 17 female; range, 26-62 years) who visited the clinic of the Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University. Sampling and measurements were performed on the loading date (baseline) and 2, 14, and 90 days after loading. Assessment of the peri-implant status for the implant sites was performed using the pocket probing depth (PPD), modified plaque index, modified gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, and radiographic signs of bone loss. PICF samples collected from each implant were evaluated for CTSK, RANKL, and OPG levels using the ELISA method. Keratinized tissue and marginal bone loss (MBL) were also noted. Results: Clinical parameters statistically significantly increased in each group but did not show statistical differences between groups without PPD. Although implant groups showed a higher MBL in the upper jaw, only the standard dental group demonstrated a statistically significant difference. At 90 days, the OPG:sRANKL ratio and total amounts of CTSK for each group did not differ from baseline. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, both short and mini dental implants were achieving the same outcomes as the standard dental implants in the early period after loading.

유지치주치료기간과 치은연하세균 출현율의 관계 (Relation between the interval of supportive periodontal therapy and the prevalence of the subgingival microflora)

  • 김진철;허익;권영혁;박준봉;정종혁
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2005
  • This study was performed to evaluate the relation between the interval of supportive periodontal therapy and the prevalence of the subgingival microflora. The subgingival plaques from 108 patients were used in the study. Control group were the patients with no periodontal treatment and test groups were assigned into 3 groups according to the period of recall check: group 1; 1-2 months, group 2; 3-4 months, group 3; 6months or more. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used for direct identification of periodontal pathogens (P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, T. denticola) in subgingival plaque. The results of this study were as follows. 1. The prevalence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis, T. denticola in control group were 100%, 87%, 90%. 2. In clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, control group was not significant different with group 1 but Significant different with group 2, group 3. 3. In group 1, the majority of P. gingivalis had type II fimA. 4. When group 3 were compared with group 1, the prevalence of P. gingivalis increased. But the prevalence of P. gingivalis with type II fimA, which have the virulence factor, decreased. 5. We were unable to find the correlation between P. gingivalis with type IV fimA and periodontal disease. 6. The prevalence of T. forsythensis, T. denticola in test group were 85%, 93% or more. From the above results, we were able to find the relation between the interval of supportive periodontal therapy and the prevalence of the subgingival microflora and the need of the strict supportive periodontal therapy to prevent recurrence of periodontal disease, because there were high prevalence of periodontal pathogens.

Impact of iron deficiency anemia on chronic periodontitis and superoxide dismutase activity: a cross-sectional study

  • Chakraborty, Souvik;Tewari, Shikha;Sharma, Rajinder Kumar;Narula, Satish Chander;Ghalaut, Pratap Singh;Ghalaut, Veena
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.57-64
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: Both chronic periodontitis (CP) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) induce oxidative stress in the body and cause an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study explored the SOD enzyme activity of saliva and serum in CP patients with and without IDA and analyzed the impact of IDA on CP. Methods: A total of 82 patients were divided into four groups: control group (CG, 22), periodontally healthy IDA patients (IDA-PH, 20), CP patients (CP, 20), and IDA patients with CP (IDA-CP, 20). After clinical measurements and samplings, serum and salivary SOD levels were determined using an SOD assay kit. Results: IDA-CP patients exhibited a higher gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and percentage (%) of sites with a clinical attachment loss (CAL) of ${\geq}6mm$ (P<0.008) than CP patients. The mean salivary and serum SOD levels were significantly lower in the IDA-PH, CP, and IDA-CP patients than in the CG group (P<0.008). A significant positive correlation between salivary and serum SOD activity was observed in IDA (P<0.05). Furthermore, serum and salivary SOD levels were significantly and negatively correlated with all periodontal parameters including the percentage of sites with CAL of 4-5 and ${\geq}6mm$ (P<0.05) except the significant correlation between salivary SOD activity and mean CAL and the percentage of sites with CAL of 4-5 mm (P>0.05) in these patients. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that IDA patients with chronic periodontitis have more periodontal breakdowns than patients with chronic periodontitis. Serum and salivary SOD activity levels were lower in the IDA-PH, CP and IDA-CP groups than in the CG. Iron deficiency anemia influenced the serum SOD activity but did not seem to affect the salivary SOD activity in these patients.

Embossed new dental pick이 치주염에 미치는 영향 (Effect of embossed new dental pick on periodontitis)

  • 석헌주;김종관
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.563-572
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    • 2004
  • Since bacterial plaque is known as the major cause of every oral disease, it is necessary to control plaque to maintain periodontal health. Although tooth brushing has been the typical method of plaque control, additional use of plaque control devices are necessary for cleansing interdental areas. Dental floss has been used for a long time as the additional plaque control device and proved to be effective. The newly developed embossed new dental pick is composed of elastic plastic material in form with its tip longer than other toothpick. In addition, as thickness of the tip gradually increases, it can be adapted easily with minimal trauma to interdental gingiva. The embossed tip can remove dental plaque easily, and the opposite end can approach lingual and palatal areas through triple angulation. Therefore, the authors studied the effect of embossed new dental pick and dental floss on periodontally involved 15 patient. The following results were obtained. 1. For embossed new dental pick, probing depth at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $3.6{\pm}0.6mm$, $3.4{\pm}0.5mm$, $3.2{\pm}0.5mm$, respectively, and $4.2{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.1{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.0{\pm}0.9mm$, respectivly for clinical attachment level. 2. In case of embossed new dental pick, bleeding on probing at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $43.0{\pm}4.4%$, $28.5{\pm}5.1%$, $22.2{\pm}5.6%$, respectively, and, at 1 week and 4 weeks, they were significantly different from that of dental floss. 3. Gingival index of toαhpick at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.0{\pm}0.3$, $0.9{\pm}0.2$, respectively, and, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.1{\pm}0.4$, $1.0{\pm}0.4$, respectively for plaque index, and $3.0{\pm}0.5$, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.4{\pm}0.4$, respectively for proximal plaque index. proximal plaque index at 4 weeks was significantly different from that of dental floss. 4. The result of questionnaire showed that the two types of device were both satisfactory, however, embossed new dental pick had higher preference as well as satisfaction. As a result, embossed new dental pick is thought to be clinically effective for its simplicity and good accessibility.

Periodontal pathogens and the association between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis in Korean adults

  • Kim, Jin-Hee;Choi, In Ah;Lee, Joo Youn;Kim, Kyoung-Hwa;Kim, Sungtae;Koo, Ki-Tae;Kim, Tae-Il;Seol, Yang-Jo;Ku, Young;Rhyu, In-Chul;Song, Yeong Wook;Lee, Yong-Moo
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제48권6호
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    • pp.347-359
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share a similar inflammatory pathogenesis. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) can induce anticyclic-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (anti-CCP antibodies), a key factor in the development of RA. This study aimed at evaluating the relationships between the 2 diseases and identifying the clinical implications thereof, with a focus on periodontal pathogens in Korean adults. Methods: A total of 260 RA patients and 86 age- and sex-matched control patients without arthritis were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. Periodontal indices and the prevalence and amount of periodontal pathogens were compared between the groups. Correlations between periodontal and RA indices were examined, as were correlations between 9 periodontal pathogens and RA indices. Results: The RA group had significantly higher values than the control group for all investigated periodontal indices (P<0.05) except the number of teeth. The gingival index (GI) was correlated with the disease activity score 28 (DAS28) (r=0.125, P=0.049), RA disease duration (r=0.253, P<0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r=0.162, P=0.010), and anti-CCP antibody titer (r=0.205, P=0.004). Probing pocket depth (PPD) was correlated with ESR (r=0.139, P=0.027) and anti-Pg antibody titer (r=0.203, P=0.001). Bleeding on probing (BOP) was correlated with DAS28 (r=0.137, P=0.030), RA disease duration (r=0.202, P=0.001), ESR (r=0.136, P=0.030), anti-Pg antibody titer (r=0.177, P=0.005), and anti-CCP antibody titer (r=0.188, P=0.007). Clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontitis severity were correlated with anti-Pg antibody titer (the former r=0.201, P=0.002; the latter r=0.175, P=0.006). The quantity of Pg was positively correlated with the serum anti-Pg antibody titer (r=0.148, P=0.020). Conclusions: The GI, BOP, and PPD showed positive relationships with several RA indices. The anti-Pg antibody titer had positive relationships with PPD, BOP, CAL, and periodontitis severity. Thus, increasing values of periodontal indices could be used as a risk indicator of disease development in RA patients, and an increasing anti-Pg antibody titer could be considered as a warning sign in RA patients suffering with periodontitis.

Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two types of sandblasted with large-grit and acid-etched surface implants with different surface roughness

  • Jeon, Jun-Hyung;Kim, Min-Joong;Yun, Pil-Young;Jo, Deuk-Won;Kim, Young-Kyun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.225-231
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    • 2022
  • Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two types of sandblasted with large-grit and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants with different surface roughness. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted based on a clinical record review of 55 patients (mean age, 53.00 years). A total of 80 SLA surface implants was placed. Among the 80 implants, 38 implants placed in 29 subjects had surface roughness (Ra) of 3.09 ㎛ (test group, TG), while the other 42 implants placed in 31 subjects had a surface roughness (Ra) of 2.50 ㎛ (control group, CG). A comparison was made of implant primary/secondary stability; success and survival rates; marginal bone loss; and soft tissue assessment including probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) between the groups at 1 year after implant placement. Results: Among the implants that were initially registered, 1 from the TG and 4 from the CG dropped out, leaving 37 implants in the TG and 38 implants in the CG to be traced and analyzed. Although 1 TG case showed unstable primary stability, all cases showed stable secondary stability. Success and survival rates at 1 year after implant placement were 100% in both groups. Marginal bone loss was 0.07 mm and 0.00 mm for the TG and CG, respectively, but the difference was not significant. Among the several parameters for evaluation of soft tissue, the TG showed lower PI at 1 year after implant placement (TG=0.00, CG=0.29; P=0.0004), while the remaining categories showed no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: This study shows that the two types of SLA implants with different surface roughness have no difference in efficacy or safety. Therefore, both of the implants can be used safely and with promising outcomes.

중등도 만성 치주염 환자에서 erythritol 공기분말 연마기구를 부가적으로 이용하는 비외과적 치주치료의 임상적 효과 (Clinical effects of additional use of erythritol powder air polishing device on non-surgical periodontal treatment in moderate chronic periodontitis)

  • 이문영;박언정;권은영;김현주;이주연;주지영
    • 구강회복응용과학지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.39-45
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    • 2018
  • 목적: 치석제거 및 치근면활택술(scaling and root planing, SRP)은 만성 치주염 환자에서 대표적인 비외과적 치주치료법이나 술자가 잔존치석을 시각적으로 확인하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 중등도 만성 치주염 환자에서 비외과적 치주치료 시 SRP에 부가적으로 erythritol 공기분말 연마기구를 사용하는 것의 임상적 효과를 평가해 보고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 중등도 만성 치주염을 가지는 21명의 환자에서 비외과적 치주치료를 위해 SRP로만 치료받은 21부위(대조군)와 SRP에 부가적으로 erythritol 공기분말 연마기구를 사용하여 치료한 21부위(실험군)에서 4 - 6 mm의 치주낭을 가지는 치아를 선택하여 평가하였다. 치료 전, 치료 완료 1개월, 3개월 후에 치주낭 깊이, 치은퇴축, 임상부착수준, 치태지수, 탐침시 출혈이 임상지표로 측정되었다. 결과: 실험군과 대조군 모두에서 치료 전에 비해 치료 1개월 후, 3개월 후 치주낭 깊이, 치태지수, 탐침시 출혈의 유의한 감소와 치은 퇴축의 증가 및 임상부착수준의 유의한 획득이 관찰되었다. 그러나 실험군과 대조군 간에 임상지표들의 변화에는 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 치료 3개월 후 모든 임상지표들은 치료 전에 비해서는 개선되었으나 치료 1개월 후에 비해서는 악화되었다. 결론: 중등도 만성 치주염 환자의 비외과적 치주치료 시 erythritol 공기분말 연마기구는 부가적으로 적용될 수 있으나 SRP 단독과 비교하였을 때 임상적으로 더 효과적이라고 제안할 수는 없다. 또한 최소 3개월 간격의 주기적인 유지관리치료가 필요함을 알 수 있다.