• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2014

Swine influenza is an acute respiratory disease prevalent in pig-growing areas worldwide. In total, 518 gilt and sow serum samples and 14 litters (66 samples) of aborted fetuses from 37 farms (average of 14 serum samples per farm) in Gyeongbuk Province were collected between September 2010 and May 2011. All samples were examined for antibodies to swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 and H3N2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The seropositive rates of gilt and sows were 59.8% (310/518) for SIV H1N1, 78.8% (408/518) for H3N2, and 55.6% (288/518) for both subtypes tested. The rate of aborted fetuses was 13.6% (9/66) for H1N1, 9.1% (6/66) for H3N2, and 9.1% for both subtypes. The seroprevalence for H1N1 in gilts and sows was 46.6% (69/148) and 65.1% (241/370), respectively, and that for H3N2 was 78.4% (116/148) and 78.9% (292/370), respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 1993

The effect of active immunization against porcine somatostatin (SRIF-14) on somatostation and somatotropin secretion profile in 18 gilts was investigated. Gilts were assigned to the following treatments: control (sham injection, n = 6); bovine serum albumin (BSA) (injection of BSA with bacterial protein adjuvant, n = 6); SRIF (injection of BSA-SRIF-14 conjugate with bacterial protein adjuvant n = 6). Serum SRIF and pST were assayed from the blood samples taken on day 7 after the last immunization injection. Anti-SRIF antibody titres were assayed in weekly samples two weeks after the initial immunization to one week after the last immunization. Results revealed that the immunization protocol used in the present investigation failed to produce antibodies capable of neutralizing endogenous somatostatin. In addition, the porcine somatotropin assay revealed no significant differences in baseline pST concentration, mean peak amplitude and number of peaks during a 24 h secretory period among SRIF, BSA and control treatment. There were also no differences in SRIF baseline concentration, peak amplitude, and number of peaks during a 24 h secretory period among any of the three treatments. Circulating concentrations of pST and pSRIF were highly correlated (r = -0.09). Furthermore, anti-SRIF antibody titre was not detected in the serum of the gilts actively immunized against SRIF. These data, collectively, suggest that the protocol employed in the present investigation for active immunization against SRIF is not an effective method for changing SRIF and pST secretion profiles of the gilt and thus to enhance performance.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권27호
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• pp.23-42
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• 2006

This study is about gilt bronze ornament, that is from Deok Cheon-Ri in Gyeong Ju, of conservation treatment process and of scientific analysis. This relic gathered with soil around the relic by Polyurethane foam. While the relic got rid of soil, Took X-rays. As the result, we decided to process reconstruction as condition that the relic was dug up. After the conservation treatment processed, we made a frame to display the relic. Investigated manufacture techniques of the relic after the conservation treatment processed, and thenexecuted scientific analysis of the relic for a chemical experiment. A analysis of the results of components for composition layers using the SEM-EDS can be briefly summarized as below; Firstly, the average contents of outer, inner and body corrosion layer have a Cu-60.9~39.3wt% and analyzed a little impurities material which is Fe-0.5wt%.Secondly, the average contents of body have a Cu-99.7wt% which was using manufactured by pure copper. Thirdly, gold layer have a mercury of 9.5wt% which indicate that layer was manufactured by mercury amalgam gilding technique.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권24호
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• pp.215-227
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• 2003

The gilt-bronze Sarira Reliquary was discovered when repairing three-stories east stone pagoda (Treasure No. 395) at Seungju-eup in Suncheon city in Jeollanam-do Province in August, 1986. Then it was appointed as Treasure in 1988. The Sarira Reliquary had been held in Seonamsa temple, but deterioration on the surface and corrosion had appeared affecting its surface detail. Consequently, the conservation treatment was carried out from November 2002 to March 2003.The corrosion and dirt on the surface of the Sarira Reliquary were cleaned with ethyl alcohol and Benzotriazole was applied to prevent further corrosion. Finally, NAD-10(Paraloid NAD-10), acrylic resin, was used to consolidate the structure. Moreover, after non-destructive analysis to confirm element of alloy, copper, gold, silver and mercury were discovered and this result tells us that it was plated with gold by amalgam. Fibers at the pedestal were examined under the microscope and identified as silk. The total height of this Sarira Reliquary is 6.0cm, the height of lotus pedestal and the roof is 2.7cm and 1.8cm, respectively. The roof and body are joined together, and the lotus pedestal can be separated, on which the octagonal reliquary is impaled. The pedestal consists of 3layers of petals and the surface is decorated with flower pattern. The reliquary is presumed to be created in the 14th century, and it becomes valuable historical material to reveal the secret of metal work in the late Goryeo Dynasty.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.60-79
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• 1992

In relation to the scientific conservation treatment of ancient gilt bronze, the gold film coated on the bronze excavated from Hwangnam Great Tomb of Old Silla Kingdom(A. D. 5C) was studied in the view of coating technology and metallurgy of bronze. The uniform and dense gold film containing $2.44\sim12.40%$ of Hg with the thickness of $5.99\sim12.97{\mu}m$ was found to be coated on the bronze objects by amalgam coating method. On silver objects, the film with the thickness of $19.96{\mu}m$ was coated also continously and uniformly with gold by the same method. The bronze objects was fabricated by forging technique and contained almost $4.7\sim11.5%$ of Pb. Its microstructure was $\alpha-phase$ solid solution including Pb segregation in the matrix. The amount of $0.4\sim2.0%$ Zn was added in the bronze for the purpose of easy fabricating of Cu alloy. Based on the data studied, the gold film on bronze sample was reproduced by amalgam coating method and compared with the ancient gold film.

• 복식
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• 제58권9호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2008

Jikgeum(woven with supplementary golden wefts) hyungbae(rank badge) of danryung(official uniform) excavated from Im Backryung'tomb($1498{\sim}1546$) of the Joseon dynasty($1392{\sim}1910$) at Goyang, Gyunggi-Do in 2007, was in a critical condition because of serious collapse of substrate in metal thread. For conservation of hyungbae, metal thread was examined by different scientific methods(Light Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-Rray Spectrometry(SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR)). Analytical data showed that metal thread was gilt membrane strip composed of gold leaves and proteinaceous substrate which was probably parchment. To protect collapse of substrate, 1% solution of Paraloid B-72 was infilterated into substrate for consolidation of substrate and it was adhered to warp of fabric in hyungbae, before wet cleaning. After wet cleaning, the most of the gold leaves were restored, which was confirmed by both the examination with the naked eye and the microscopic examination.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권23호
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• pp.113-129
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• 2002

This study is to disclose the gilding technique and distinctive features of using surface improvement technique in ancient gilt. There are many kinds of the ancient gilding technique so this thesis mainly focused on mercury amalgam gilding. Gilding technique can be largely divided into two branches – the cladding and amalgam method - in ancient periods. The researches have been carried out on two parts; the first is to find the making progress of amalgam on all sort of the gilding materials and the second is to show features of the gilded layer among basic metals. As a result of this experiment, to achieve good quality of amalgam, suitable particle size of the gilding material should be needed and the heating, a primary factor, has an effect on amalgam to be formed. Aspecial features of amalgam gilding, according to changing the basicmetal, would be influenced by chemical attraction for the mercury, condition of the surface and some other factors. A platers abilities and the making progress of amalgam would be influenced by a uniform and good gilding layer. In conclusion, it should be profoundly studied and investigated on the ancient gilding techniques and gold-gilt relics.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제39권
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• pp.243-280
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• 2006

서산 부장리 유적 백제시대 분구묘 5호분 출토 금동관모는 백제시대의 고고학적 자료로서 당시 국제적 교류 관계를 밝힐 수 있는 중요한 유물이다. 본 논문은 금동관모를 보존처리하는 과정 중에 획득한 정보를 바탕으로 금동관모의 제작기법을 연구한 결과이다. 관모의 단면은 총 5개층으로 구분할 수 있다. 이 단면 중 직물층이 백화수피층과 금속층 사이에서 발견되었는데, 금속과 백화수피의 직접적인 접촉을 피하기 위한 것으로 추정된다. 분석은 단면 중 2개의 층인 직물층과 섬유질층의 분석을 수행하였다. 직물층은 가장 간단한 조직인 평직으로 이루어져 있고, 한 겹으로 되어 있었다. 또한, 조직의 꼬임, 미세조직 구조상 몇 가지 직물로 추정할 수 있었다. 섬유질은 두 세 개의 섬유가 혼재되어 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. FT-IR 분석 결과 직물층과 섬유질층은 모두 마섬유로 확인되었다. 또한 백화수피는 자작나무껍질 15겹을 붙여 사용하였음을 알 수 있었다. 도금편의 미세조직 관찰을 위해 금속현미경과 주사전자현미경(SEM) 및 파장분산형X선 분석기(WDS)를 이용하였다. 분석결과 아말간도금이 행해졌음을 알 수 있었으며, 도금기술의 척도를 알 수 있는 도금층 두께는 최소 $1.7{\mu}m$부터 최대 $8.7{\mu}m$이었다. 금의 순도는 금(Au)이 98%, 약 1% 이내의 은(Ag)이 함유되어 있었다. 위 금동관모의 과학적 보존처리와 분석을 통해 얻어진 결과는 향후 제작기술의 비교연구 뿐만 아니라 복원품의 제작을 위한 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.470-479
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• 2019

본고에서는 백제금동대향로의 고화질 촬영 및 실측을 통해 배연공과 흡기공의 확장이유를 밝히고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 백제금동대향로를 3차원 정밀 스캔한 뒤 스캔한 원본데이터를 기반으로 백제금동대향로 정밀재현품과 시판복제품을 3차원 스캔하여 전체적인 형태와 세부적인 문양을 원본데이터와 비교하였고, 뚜껑 내부구조 및 향연구멍의 크기와 위치가 실제유물과 가장 유사한 정밀재현품을 이용하여 배연공과 흡기공의 크기와 개폐유무에 따라 분향실험을 진행하였다. 분향실험 결과, 배연공과 흡기공의 크기에 따라서는 아랫줄 흡기공이 향로의 불완전 연소에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 확인되었으며, 배연공과 흡기공의 개폐유무에 따라선 봉황 배연공과 윗줄 배연공은 주로 연기를 배출하는 역할을 하며 아랫줄 흡기공은 주로 흡기구 역할을 한다는 것을 이번 실험을 통해 알 수 있었다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2011

2006년 전남 고흥군 안동고분에서 발굴된 5세기의 백제 금동관모의 3D 스캐닝작업을 통하여 정밀실측 및 디지털 영상복원을 실시하였다. 3D 스캐닝은 대상물의 정밀한 형상을 3차원 공간상에 구현하여 디지털데이터로 보존하는데 목적이 있다. 데이터 구축은 3차원 형상과 색상정보를 획득하는 과정인 3D 스캐닝(부위별 원시 데이터 촬영) - 3D 모델링(원시 데이터 정합 및 비촬영부 재생과 손실부 복원) - CG영상 제작 순으로 이루어 졌다. 복원 CG영상은 원시데이터의 정합된 형상을 기초근거로 하였고 도면상(CAD)의 각 부재 실측 수치를 참고하여 제작하였다. 이때 비촬영 부분과 소실된 부분은 각 부재의 실측자료와 더불어 옛 백제지역에서 출토된 5~8세기의 관모들을 조사하여 복원하였다. 이러한 3D영상 복원은 손상된 유물의 복원방법 중 하나로써 고증과 검증을 통해 유물의 직접적인 손상 없이 유물을 재구성하여 복원함으로써 역사적 및 학술적 가치향상과 유물 복원에 의미가 있다고 하겠다.