• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of use of menstrual hygiene products and genital organ hygiene management in unmarried women. Methods: Data from 161 unmarried women were used for analysis. The instruments consisted of self-reported questionnaires that included 40 items: 20 on General Characteristics & Sexual Health Related Characteristics, 8 on Using Status of Menstrual Hygiene Products, 12 on Genital Organ Hygiene Management. Results: The subjects used disposable sanitary napkin as the most frequently but the satisfaction was low, while the use of reusable sanitary napkin and tampons were few, but satisfaction was high. Sixty-seven percent of the unmarried women had sex experience, and more than 60% experienced abnormal symptoms in the genital organ. There was a significant difference in genital organ hygiene management according to sex experience. Among subjects of this study, 44.1% wanted to use menstrual cup, and 98.8% wanted to have education for their menstrual hygiene products. Conclusion: Based on results of this study, a nationwide survey of the demand for menstrual hygiene products used by Korean women is needed, it is necessary to educate about the proper use of menstrual hygiene products and genital organ hygiene management.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1992

This study was conducted to determine the microorganisms inhabitating in sow genital organs and their anti-microbial drug susceptibility During the period between February, 1991 and November 1991, 128 sow genital organs were sampled at six abattoirs. Gross pathological examination and bacterial isolation and identification were performed from the genital organ. In addition, antimicrobial drug susceptibility for the major organisms isolated were examined. 1. Among the bateria isolated from normal genital organs, E. coli(30.7%) Stahylococcus spp.(29.4%), Corynebarterium pyogenes(C. pyogenes) (14.7%), Streptococcus spp.(13.3%) were most freqently isolated, whereas the genera of Klebsiella, Actinobacillus, and Serratia were detected less freqently. 2. Among the bacteria isolated from abnormal genital organs, C. pyogenes,(37.7%), Stahylococcus spp.(30.2%), Proteus spp. (26.4%) , Pasteurella spp. (18.9%) , Steptococcus spp. (9.4%) were most freqently isolated whereas the genera of Pseudomonas, Serratia and Klebsiella were detected less freqently. 3. From sow genital organs showing lesion of endometritis and purulent endometritis C. pyogenes were most freqently isolated, the isolation rate being 67.7％ and followed by Stahylococcus spp., E. coli, Proteus spp., Steptococcus spp. and Pasteurella spp. in the order. 4. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility of the major organisms showed that all the isolates were susceptible to cephalothin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim, but resistant to penicillin and streptomycin.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.301-314
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• 2005

Objective: Rebamipide is a propionic acid derivative that has an action of the inhibition of superoxide production and removal of hydroxyl radical with the sperm incubation and cryopreservation. In the present study, to investigate whether rebamipide is useful to treat male infertility and sterility, the author observed the antioxidative effects in patient with male infertility and also examined its absorption and distribution in rat genital organ. Methods: To measure the distribution of rebamipide in reproductive organ in the rat, carbon indicated rebamipide, $^{14}C-OPC-12759$, was orally administered to 10 Spraque-Dawley rats and its organ concentration in serum, liver, kidney, stomach, duodenum, colon, urinary bladder, seminal vesicle, epididymis and testicle were measured each time after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours by using HPLC fluorescent method. The concentrations in semen were measured by HPLC fluorescent method in a sample of 50 infertile males who took 900 mg of rebamipide daily for 3 months. To measure the antioxidative effect and fertility rate for 3 months, each month before and after the treatment, sperm motility, vitality, the oxygen free radical formation, level of peroxidation, fetilizing capacity of semen sample which were obtained from infertile male patients by masturbation after at least 48 hours abstinence were analyzed by computer assisted semen analyzer, eosin-nigrosin stain, chemiluminescence, thiobarbituric acid method and hypo-osmotic swelling test. Simultaneously in a sample that wanted baby, both pregnancy and delivery were researched. Results: The $^{14}C-OPC-12759$ concentration in the body of white rats was highest in gastrointestinal organ like stomach, smal intestine and duodenum and followed by genital organ like seminal vesicle, testis and epididymis. The rebamipide concentration in semen of infertile males was $220.77{\pm}327.84ng/mL$ (SD) which showed a large deviation but it was higher than serum which was $126{\pm}76ng/mL$ (SD). In the infertile males, after the treatment with rebamipide, the level of seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation have significantly decreased in duration of the treatment (p<0.05) and sperm vitality and fertilizing capacity except sperm motility significantly improved on post treatment of 2~3 months (p<0.05). Out of the 41 cases who hoped for pregnancy, 15 cases (36.6%) became pregnant and 12 cases had childbrith, 2 cases had miscarriage and one case is ongoing. The side effect was observed in 1 case (2%) which experienced diarrhea but it was lost spontaneously. Conclusions: We conclude from this study that rebamipide showed relatively high tendancy of absorption and excretion in the genital organ. In infertile males who had elevated ROS in semen, by specifically inhibiting the cell damage from the antioxidation, a way to preserve sperm motility, vitality and fertilizing capacity was confirmed.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.157-162
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• 2005

To find out the possible inefficiencies of artificial inseminators at rectovaginal insemination in cows, inseminators' skill were evaluated by controlling the semen thawing procedure adopted and by using the technique of dye deposition in the genital tract of slaughtered cows. This was followed by refreshment training for the inseminators. Thirty seven artificial insemination technicians regularly working in the government, cooperative and NGO (Non Government Organization) artificial insemination programmes at different places of Bangladesh were included in the study. Individual technicians were asked to thaw a semen straw and deposit dye in the genital tract of slaughtered cows following the procedures they would have adopted in their actual practices of insemination. The time and water temperature adopted by technicians were recorded and genital tract after sham artificial insemination was dissected to determine the site of dye deposition. Then, the inseminators took part in a three days intensive training program. The training program was ended up with the same tests for thawing frozen semen straw and dye deposition in the genital tract of slaughtered cows. At pre training evaluation, only $25\%\;and\;72\%\;(n=36)$ inseminators adopted co..ect thawing time and temperature, respectively. At post training evaluation, all inseminators thawed semen straws for proper time and temperature. At pretraining evaluation, $21(57\%),\;11 (30\%)\;and\;3(8\%)$ inseminators deposited dye at the body of uterus, in the vagina or in cervix, and into the horn of uterus, respectively. In $2(5\%)$ cases dye did not pass into the genital tract, instead back flowed through the space between the barrel of insemination gun and sheath. At post training evaluation, all inseminators successfully deposited dye in the body of uterus. Frequent evaluation of inseminators' skill and subsequent training would help improvement of the artificial insemination technicians' skill.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.197-207
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• 2015

This study investigated structure and function of the reproductive system in Aplysia kurodai by means of anatomical, histological, and histochemical observation. Reproductive system of this species is consisted of ovotestis, small hermaphroditic duct, ampulla, accessory genital mass and large hermaphroditic duct. The ovotestis is composed of a large number of follicles, and both oocytes and spermatocytes matured in the same follicle. The small hermaphroditic duct is a single tube and contains a swelling, the ampulla, which functions as a storage organ for endogenous sperm and an oviduct. The accessory genital mass is connected to both the small and large hermaphroditic duct, and consisted of three glands: albumen, membrane (winding) and mucus gland. The albumen gland is consisted of granular cells producing basophilic and neutral mucopolysaccharides. The membrane and mucus gland are consisted of granular cells producing acidophilc and sulfated mucopolysaccharides. The large hermaphroditic duct is a single tubular gonoduct linking the accessory genital mass to the common genital aperture but is consisted of two parallel compartments. Internally, these two compartments are incompletely divided by internal septum or fold, which are called as the red hemiduct and white hemiduct, respectively. The red hemiduct functions as an oviduct and the white hemiduct functions as a copulatory duct. The reproductive system of A. kurodai is externally comprised a single tube, i.e., monaulic type. However, internal structure of duct is incompletely divided into oviduct and copulatory duct, i.e., the oodiaulic type.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1979

Cases involving bite marks have increased considerably since first reports of bite wound for the individual identification in Korea 1969. This is probably due to fact that investigating officers are now more aware of the value of bite mark evidence and are always alter to the possibility of sign of bite mark. Authors recently had an experience in the identification of a criminal by tracing marks made on silicon rubber impression from corp genital organ.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.193-198
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• 1997

Three new species of the genus Eupoa are described from China. They are Eupoa hainanensis sp. nov., Eupoa maculata sp. nov. and Eupoa yunnanensis. sp. nov. Diagnoses, distribution data, figures of body and genital organ are given to each species.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.308-313
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• 2020

Background: Hysterectomy is one of the major gynecologic surgeries. Historically, several surgical procedures have been used for hysterectomy. The present study aims to evaluate the surgical trends and clinical outcomes of hysterectomy performed for benign diseases at the Yeungnam University Hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent a hysterectomy for benign diseases from 2013 to 2018. Data included the patients' demographic characteristics, surgical indications, hysterectomy procedures, postoperative pathologies, and perioperative outcomes. Results: A total of 809 patients were included. The three major indications for hysterectomy were uterine leiomyoma, pelvic organ prolapse, and adenomyosis. The most common procedure was total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH, 45.2%), followed by open hysterectomy (32.6%). During the study period, the rate of open hysterectomy was nearly constant (29.4%-38.1%). The mean operative time was the shortest in the single-port laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH, 89.5 minutes), followed by vaginal hysterectomy (VH, 96.8 minutes) and TLH (105 minutes). The mean decrease in postoperative hemoglobin level was minimum in single-port LAVH (1.8 g/dL) and VH (1.8 g/dL). Conversion to open surgery or multi-port surgery occurred in five cases (0.6%). Surgical complications including wound dehiscence, organ injuries, and conditions requiring reoperation were observed in 52 cases (6.4%). Conclusion: Minimally invasive approach was used for most hysterectomies for benign diseases, but the rate of open hysterectomy has mostly remained constant. Single-port LAVH and VH showed the most tolerable outcomes in terms of operative time and postoperative drop in hemoglobin level in selected cases.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.619-624
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• 2003

Genital organs and gonad development in kishi velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis dalei) were studied based on morphological and histological observations. The samples were collected monthly around the Ochongdo area on the western coast of Korea, from April 1997 to December 1998. Thelycum appear structurally complete after females reach a length of about 12.0 mm CL. Petasma rarely Join after males reach a length of 10.6 mm CL and a fully developed petasma shows up to a length of 12.0 mm CL. The ovaries lie on the dorsal side of the female shrimps thorax. The ovary cavity is located below the heart and above the hepatopancreas. The anterior part of the ovary is round and fused, and the posterior part shows a pair of tubule-like structures. Testes are bilaterally symmetrical, the anterior part shows a convoluted tubule, and the posterior part consists of a pair of tubules. In histological observations, ripe eggs and spermatozoon show when mature females and males reach a length of about 12.0 mm CL.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2010

The effects of different levels of natural clay enterosorbent on the growth, nutrient availability, and genital organs of post-weaning female pigs fed with an addition of zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated in the study. A total of thirty-five post-weaning gilts ($L{\times}Y{\times}D$) with an average body weight of 12.36${\pm}$1.46 kg were used in the test. The gilts were raised individually in metabolism cages and fed a corn-soybean meal-whey basal diet with an addition of 0 or 1 mg/kg of ZEA for 24 d with four levels of natural clay enterosorbent added in the feed. The treatments were: i) control; ii) control+2.5 g/kg clay; iii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA; iv) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+1.25 g/kg clay; v) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+2.5 g/kg clay; vi) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+5.0 g/kg clay; vii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA +10 g/kg clay. Pigs fed diets contaminated with additional purified ZEA had significantly reduced apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE) and apparent metabolic rate of GE (ME/GE, p<0.05) without changes of net protein utilization (NPU, p>0.05). Final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), vulva length, vulva width, vulva area, relative weights of genital organ and proliferative changes of the ovary tissues in gilts fed ZEA-contaminated diet were increased (p<0.05) compared to the gilts fed the control diet. Addition of natural clay enterosorbent in the ZEA-contaminated diet showed a positive protection effect on ZEA feeding, and the protection was increased linearly or quadratically as clay content increased. However, in pigs fed a diet with clay alone at 2.5 g/kg level there was no significant impact (p>0.05) on all the parameters as compared to the control. It is suggested that feeding ZEA at about 1.0 mg/kg for 24 days might result in a deleterious effect in pigs, and addition of 5 or 10 g clay enterosorbent per kg diet can effectively neutralize the detrimental effects of the ZEA feeding.