• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Studies on extended egg preservation schedule from 120 days to 180 days was taken up with 20 germplasm accessions of mutant silkworm genetic stocks of Bombyx mori L. Statistical analyses of the data collected over three trials revealed no significant changes both in the qualitative and quantitative traits of the genetic stocks between treatment (6 months egg preservation) and control (4 months egg preservation), except for fifth instar larval duration in TMS-61, TMS-62, TMS64, TMS-31 and TMS-34 shell weight in TMS-62, TMS-64 and TMS-66. Thus, the results indicate that extended schedule of 6 months egg preservation can safely be adopted, which will reduce the cost of conservation and minimize the genetic erosion owing to reduced crop cycle.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.119-133
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• 1997

Isozyme was used to characterize general protein patterns of genetic relationships among 303 silkworm stocks preserved in National Sericultural and Entomology Research Institute, RDA. Six isozymes (esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and sucrase) from hemolymph, midgut, and digestive juice were employed to construct dendograms(UPGMA method) using a polycrylamide gel electrophoresis. A cluster analysis revealed four major group, which were divided into several subgroups within each group, contained assemglages of Japanese and Chinese races. Especially, genetic differentiation in the first and second group was greatest rather than within Japanese and Chinese races repectively and was concordant with the hypothesis of phyletic sorting of initial variability in China many years ago. Hypothesized recent introgression between groups was also plausible, but the eviednce suggested bidirectional gene flow between the Chinese and the Japnaese lineages. Interpreting the results in light of evidence from the current study, the genetic diversity and relationship showed in Korean silkworm race, Hansammyun reflected early and independent evolution from the Chinese ancestor, limited addition of new variability and phyletic sorting within Korean peninsula more than 4,000 years.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

Bombyx mori densonucleosis virus type 1 (BmDNV1)- a non occluded virus causes flacherie disease in the susceptible stocks of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. However, some stocks are non-susceptible. Non-susceptibility to BmDNV1 in B. mori is a unique case where the virus infection is completely inhibited by a single gene of the host. A survey conducted by this institute in some parts of Karnataka state has revealed that, 43.05% of the total incidence of flacherie disease caused by non-occluded viruses, are due to the synergistic infection of B. mori densonucleosis and infectious flacherie virus. Earlier study indicated that rearing of BmDNV1 resistant silkworm stock is effective in protecting silkworm against BmIFV also. In the present study the response of 78 silkworm stocks which include 42 of non-diapausing and 36 of diapausing groups, to BmDNV1 is investigated. Newly ecdysed third instar larvae were inoculated per-os with 10% inoculum of BmDNV1 extracted from the mid-gut of infected silkworm. One non-diapausing and three diapausing silkworm stocks were found to be resistant to BmDNV1. Eleven silkworm stocks were found to possess moderate resistance whereas rest sixty three were found to be susceptible to BmDNV1. Genetic analysis has shown that the resistance to BmDNV1 is autosomally inherited and controlled by a major dominant or a major recessive gene in different silkworm stocks. These resistant stocks can be utilized as the resource material to develop BmDNV1 resistant commercial hybrids. The selection strategies, depending upon the mode of inheritance of resistance in the resource material chosen, are discussed.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.205-213
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• 2009

In order for further systematic maintenance of silkworm stocks kept in Korea we analyzed character quality of a diverse array of silkworm strains originated from several sericulture-practicing countries. The analysis of about ten qualitative characters from 67 strains (13 of Japanese strains, 15 of Chinese strains, 14 of European strains, 6 of Korean and Tropical strains, and 19 of unknown origin) revealed a significant difference in the ten different qualitative characters among silkworm strains. In the analysis of quantitative characters, Japanese and European strains were highest in hatchability, the Korean and Tropical strains were highest in pupation rate, and unknown origin and Chinese strains were highest in cocoon yield and number of egg laid. With the connection of molecular genetic analysis the current data may provide the advanced ground for further systematic maintenance of valuable genetic resources of silkworms, although more breeds should be investigated for further complete pictures.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2009

Six microsatellite DNA markers were used to investigate the genetic variability between wild populations and cultured stocks of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. The average of observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.722 to 0.959, and from 0.735 to 0.937, respectively. There was no distinguishable difference between the wild populations and cultured stocks in terms of the observed and expected heterozygosities. However, number of alleles per locus differed markedly between the two fish groups: 19.7 to 21.8 for the wild populations and 12.0 to 14.7 for the cultured stocks. This result gives important information concerning the production of seedling for the improvement of genetic diversity in this species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2005

Virus-free stocks was produced by the combination of the heat treatment of virus infected plant and shoot-tip grafting (STS). To produce virus-free stocks, the plants infected with citrus viruses were used for virus-free stock production using the modified method of STG in thermotherapy at $40^{\circ}C$ for 16 hours in the light, and at $30^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours of darkness for 4 weeks. Trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata) were used as rootstock seedling for STG. Percentages of virus-free stocks against citrus tristeza virus (CTV), satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) and citrus tatter leaf virus (CTLV) were $75.7\%,\;100.0,\%\;82.6\%$ respectively. Shoot tip size for successful STG were as small as possible. Less than $0.3\;\cal{mm}$ of shoot tips gave the hight efficiency of virus free plants but survival rates were low. And, survival rate after shoot-tip culture was analyzed and the rates were dependant on the cultivars; Yuzu cultivar showed the hight survival rate ($74.6\%$) and early satsuma mandarin (Iwasagi) was $13.3\%$ as the lowest cultivar. But citrus trees were not succeed to grown, turned brown, and died.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2002

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.170-176
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• 2012

Genetic diversities, population genetic structures and demographic histories of the thread-sail filefish Stephanolepis cirrhifer were investigated by nucleotide sequencing of 336 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region in 111 individuals collected from six populations in Korean coastal waters. A total of 70 haplotypes were defined by 58 variable nucleotide sites. The neighbor-joining tree of the 70 haplotypes was shallow and did not provide evidence of geographical associations. Expansion of S. cirrhifer populations began approximate 51,000 to 102,000 years before present, correlating with the period of sea level rise since the late Pleistocene glacial maximum. High levels of haplotype diversities ($0.974{\pm}0.029$ to $1.000{\pm}0.076$) and nucleotide diversities (0.014 to 0.019), and low levels of genetic differentiation among populations inferred from pairwise population FST values (-0.007 to 0.107), support an expansion of the S. cirrhifer population. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed weak but significant genetic structures among three groups ($F_{CT}$ = 0.028, p<0.05), and no genetic variation within groups (0.53%; $F_{SC}$ = 0.005, p = 0.23). These results may help establish appropriate fishery management strategies for stocks of S. cirrhifer and related species.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

Eighteen new polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for the Korean mi-iuy croaker ($Miichthys$ $miiuy$, Perciformes, Sciaenidae), and allelic variability was compared between a wild population in Mokpo, Korea, and a hatchery population in Tongyeong, Korea. All loci were amplified readily and demonstrated allelic variability, with the number of alleles ranging from 5 to 37 in the wild population, and from 4 to 12 in the farmed population. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were estimated, respectively, to be 0.74 and 0.78 in the hatchery population samples, and 0.79 and 0.86 in the wild samples. These results indicate lower genetic variability in the hatchery population compared with the wild population, and significant genetic differentiation between the wild population and the hatchery samples ($F_{ST}$=0.058, P<0.001). These microsatellite loci may be valuable for future population genetic studies, monitoring changes in the genetic variation within stocks in a commercial breeding program, conservation genetics, and molecular assisted selective breeding of the mi-iuy croaker in the future.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2001

Gene and cell transfer technique will serve as a powerful tool for the genetic improvement of the poultry and to yield useful products. For avian transgenesis, Japanese quail may serve as an excellent animal model because of its small body size and fast growth rate. Recent progress was described on the manipulation of quail embryos such as the introduction of foreign genes and cells, and the subsequent culturing of the manipulated embryos yielding hatchlings. Intraspecific donor-derived offspring have been available in quail, however, further investigation will be required to obtain interspecific offspring with the aim of rescuing endangered species. Trans genesis will also be useful for improving the profitability and quality of poultry stocks and for developing stocks with novel uses. Considerable progress should soon be made toward the production of transgenic poultry. The key feature of the procedure described here is that embryos are initially taken out from the shell for ease of manipulation and then placed back in culture in addition to various operations midway during culture.