• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.739-748
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• 2007

The objective of this research study is to develop the permutation-based genetic algorithm for solving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem in construction engineering by incorporating elitism into genetic algorithm. A key aspect of the algorithm was the development of the elitist roulette selection operator to preserve the best individual solution for the next generation so the improved solution can be obtained. Another notable characteristic is the application of the parallel schedule generation scheme to generate a feasible solution to the problem. Case studies with a standard test problem were presented to demonstrate the performance and accuracy of the algorithm. The computational results indicate that the proposed algorithm produces reasonably good solutions for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.235-247
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• 2024

A total of 64 individuals of Acanthogobius flavimanus, which inhabit the coast of Korea, were collected from 8 regions from July to August 2023. A haplotype network and a phylogenetic tree were created. The genomic DNA of the target fish species was compared and analyzed with the genomic DNA of four regions in Japan downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). In the haplotype network of Acanthogoboius flavimanus, Eocheong-do (EC) and Goseong (MAJ) exhibited low genetic similarity with other regions in Korea and Japan. The Phylogenetic tree showed that the population of MAJ exhibited differences in genetic structure compared to populations in other regions of Korea and Japan, indicating a distant relationship. Most marine organisms are known to migrate and spread via ocean currents, which is the most crucial factor promoting gene flow through larvae between populations. The haplotype of Acanthogobius flavimanus in MAJ differs from the haplotypes in Korea and Japan. The population in MAJ is believed to have limited genetic exchange due to the North Korea Cold Currents. We identified haplotype patterns based on the geographical distribution of Acanthogobius flavimanus off the coast of Korea and inferred that ocean currents have some influence on genetic distances.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.54-64
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to optimally allocate the human resources to tasks while minimizing the total daily human resource costs and smoothing the human resource usage. The human resource allocation problem (hRAP) under consideration contains two kinds of special constraints, i.e. operational precedence and skill constraints in addition to the ordinary constraints. To deal with the multiple objectives and the special constraints, first we designed this hRAP as a network problem and then proposed a Pareto multistage decisionbased genetic algorithm (P-mdGA). During the evolutionary process of P-mdGA, a Pareto evaluation procedure called generalized Pareto-based scale-independent fitness function approach is used to evaluate the solutions. Additionally, in order to improve the performance of P-mdGA, we use fuzzy logic controller for fine-tuning of genetic parameters. Finally, in order to demonstrate the applicability and to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, P-mdGA is applied to solve a case study in a hotel, where the managers usually need helpful automatic support for effectively allocating hotel staff to hotel tasks.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.298-299
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.61.2-61
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2009

Ginseng saponins (a secondary metabolite, termed ginsenosides) are the principal bioactive ingredients of ginseng, and modification of the sugar chains may markedly change the its biological activity. One of soil bacteria having $\beta$-glucosidase (to transform ginsenoside $Rb_1$) activity was isolated from soil of a ginseng field in Daejeon. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate belonged to the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with highest sequence similarity (99.7%) to Cellulosimicrobium funkei ATCC BAA-$886^T$. The strain, Gsoil 235, could transform ginsenoside $Rb_1$ into Rd, $Rg_3$ and 3 of un-known ginsenosides by the analyses of TLC, HPLC. By investigating its deglycosylation progress, the optimal broth for, $\beta$-glucosidase was nutrient broth (In 48 hours, almost ginsenoside $Rb_1$ could be transformed into minor ginsenosides). On the contrary, the optimal broth for growth was determined as trypic soy broth (TSB).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1665-1671
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• 2013

Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) is one of the important methods for investigating the changes in mRNA expression levels in cells and tissues. Selection of the proper reference genes is very important when calibrating the results of real-time quantitative PCR. Studies on the selection of reference genes in goat tissues are limited, despite the economic importance of their meat and dairy products. We used real-time quantitative PCR to detect the expression levels of eight reference gene candidates (18S, TBP, HMBS, YWHAZ, ACTB, HPRT1, GAPDH and EEF1A2) in ten tissues types sourced from Boer goats. The optimal reference gene combination was selected according to the results determined by geNorm, NormFinder and Bestkeeper software packages. The analyses showed that tissue is an important variability factor in genes expression stability. When all tissues were considered, 18S, TBP and HMBS is the optimal reference combination for calibrating quantitative PCR analysis of gene expression from goat tissues. Dividing data set by tissues, ACTB was the most stable in stomach, small intestine and ovary, 18S in heart and spleen, HMBS in uterus and lung, TBP in liver, HPRT1 in kidney and GAPDH in muscle. Overall, this study provided valuable information about the goat reference genes that can be used in order to perform a proper normalisation when relative quantification by qRT-PCR studies is undertaken.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 2008

Ginsenosides have been regarded as the principal components responsible for the pharmacological and biological activities of ginseng. Absorption of major ginsenosides from the gastrointestinal tract is extremely low, when ginseng is orally administered. In order to improve absorption and its bioavailability, conversion of major ginsenosides into more active minor ginsenoside is very much required. Here, we isolated lactic acid bacterium (Lactobacillus brevis LH8) having ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity from Kimchi. Bioconversion ginsenoside Rd by this bacterium in different temperatures was investigated. The maximum activities of crude enzymes precipitated by ethanol were shown in $30^{\circ}C$ and then gradually decreased. In order to compare the effect of pH, the crude enzymes of L. brevis LH8 were mixed in 20mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 3.5 to pH 8.0) and reacted ginsenoside Rd. Ginsenoside Rd was almost hydrolyzed between pH 6.0 and pH 12.0, but not hydrolyzed under pH 5.0 and above pH 13.0. Ginsenoside Rd was hydrolyzed after 48 h incubation, whereas ginsenoside F2 appeared from 48 h to 72 h, and ginsenoside Rd was almost converted into compound K after 72 h.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2008

Comparison of the physico-chemical characteristics were investigated among white (WG), fermented (FG) and red ginseng (RG) extracts. We observed maximum contents of extractable solids in FG, but viscosity was lower than other ginseng extracts. The contents of ash and crude protein of FG were higher than those of other ginseng extracts. The contents of carbohydrate were similar, but component Na and cruid lipids were maximum in RG. we extended our study on comparison of the calories among WG, FG and RG. We noticed that comparison of the calories among WG, FG and RG showed insignificant difference.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.144-155
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• 2023

Objective: Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of functional genes and noncoding RNAs. However, the role of miRNAs in lipid deposition of goat white adipose tissue is still unclear. Therefore, this study revealed the miRNA expression profile in goat subcutaneous adipocytes by sRNA-seq. Methods: The miRNA expressed in goat subcutaneous preadipocytes and the mature adipocytes were sequenced by sRNA-seq. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEm) were screened and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia for genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function combined with oil red O staining, Bodipy staining, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were utilized to determine the effect of miR-133a-3p on adipocyte differentiation. Results: A total of 218 DEm were screened out. The target genes of these DEm were significantly enriched in GO items such as biological regulation and in KEGG terms such as FAK signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. qPCR verified that the expression trend of miRNA was consistent with miRNA-seq. The gain-of-function or loss-of-function of miR-133a-3p showed that it promoted or inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets, and CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ were extremely significantly up-regulated or down-regulated respectively (p<0.01), the loss-of-function also led to a significant down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study successfully identified miRNAs expression patterns in goat subcutaneous adipocytes, and functional identification indicates that miR-133a-3p is a positive regulator of the differentiation process of goat subcutaneous adipocytes. Our results lay the foundation for the molecular mechanism of lipid deposition in meat-source goats from the perspective of miRNA.