• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.271-279
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• 2003

Soil blocks were taken into culture boxes from 12 paddy fields within 5 km radii of Yonggwang and Ulchin NPPs and $^{90}Sr$ was applied to the surface water at a pre-transplanting stage and $1{\sim}2$ days before the start of heading. Following the pre-transplanting application, transfer factors were investigated for $2{\sim}4$ years. In the year of application, transfer factors $(m^2\;kg^{-1}-dry)\;of\;^{90}Sr$ applied before transplanting, showing no regionally distinguishable trend, varied with soils by a factor of about 2 with averages of $2.6{\times}10^{-4}$ for hulled seeds and $1.3{\times}10^{-2}$ for straw Transfer factors of $^{90}Sr$ applied shortly before heading were about 2 times greater than those applied before transplanting. Transfer factors tended to decrease with increasing soil pH and exchangeable Ca. Generic values of $^{90}Sr$ transfer factors in the year of deposition were proposed for the Korean paddy fields. In the second year compared with the first year, the transfer factor decreased more in Ulchin soils, which were on the whole higher in sand content, than in Yonggwang soils. For Yonggwang soils as a whole, the annual decrease in transfer factor was well described by an exponential equation with a half-life of about 2.2 years.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.269-277
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• 2000

This paper describes a seismic design procedure for steel moment connections with welded straight haunch. Recent test results showed that welding a straight haunch beneath the beam could be a viable solution for not only repair and rehabilitation of pre-Northridge moment connections but also new construction. Although a design procedure for the connection with triangular welded haunch has been developed recently, it is not applicable for the straight haunch moment connection because the force transfer mechanism is different. A simplified analytical model that considers the force interaction and deformation compatibility between the beam and haunch is briefly presented first based on the writer`s previous study. A generic design procedure as well as details that minimize the stress concentration at the haunch tip are also recommended.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.182-187
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• 2017

Synchronous generators have been significantly applied in large-scale power plants and its monitoring systems are additionally established to sequentially observe states and outputs. We develop a computer based monitoring device for three-phase synchronous power generators in this paper. First, a test-bed of such generator system is created and then a interface board is constructed to transfer electric signals including the output voltage and the current from generators into a computer system via a data acquisition device. Its RMS(root-mean-square) values are continuously shown on a screen of computer systems and its time-histories graphs are additionally illustrated under a graphic user interface(GUI) mode. Lastly, we carry out real-time experiments using the generator system with the monitoring device to demonstrate its reliability and superiority by comparing results of a generic power analyzer which is well-used in measuring various power systems practically.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-123
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• 1997

Performance analysis of NTT/BT protocol is investigated, which is a GFC (Generic Flow Control) ptotocol in ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode ) network and is based on cyclic reset mechanism. THe mean cell delay time is proposed as a performance measure of NTT/BT protocol. The mean cell delay time is defined as the duration from the instant the cell arrives at the transmission buffer until the cell is fully transmitted. The process of cell transmission can be described as a single server queueing modle with two dependent services. By utilizing this model, mean cell delay time is obtained and sensitivity of the factors such as window size and reset period is also analysed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.200-210
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• 1997

The understanding on the plant genome is accelerated with the fast advance of molecular biological techniques. The molecular dissecting of the plant genome has made possible the precise genotyping the plants, which can be utilized for molecular breeding program. As well, the molecular cloning of genes interested can facilitate the process of gene transfer between intra-and inter-generic taxa. Moreover, the manipulation of the agronomically important QTL genes, which can be rarely performed by the conventional genetic methods, is also possible by the utilization of molecular markers. In addition to these genetical applications, molecular markers are useful in the areas of plant taxonomy and management of germplasm by fingerprinting analysis. This paper describes the theoretical aspects marker technologies and practical applications of each marker technique.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1994

In general, when IIR digital filter are designed from analog filters, the bilinera transformation and the impluse invariant tramsformation are commonly used. It is known, however, that high frequency response of digital filters designed by these transformations can not be well approximated to the sampled analog signals. In this paper, the symbol pulse invariant transformation is analyzed theoretically so that the symbol pulse invariant transformation which was originally application to a rectangular pulse is newly applied to double rate pulse signals and generic shape pulse signals. Also, the relation of spectra between a transfer function of digital filter and one of analog filter is considered. Further, we apply to design the digital high pass filters using the symbol pulse invariant transformation method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.155-159
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• 1997

ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode)은 광대역망에서 여러 형태의 멀티미디어 서비스를 지원하는 수단을 제공한다. 요즘 통신망으로 ATM의 채택이 증가하고, 이 망들이 멀티미디어 통신을 하기 위해 많은 데이터들이 오고 갈 때, 영상을 효율적으로 트래픽 제어함으로써 통신망에 끼치는 영향을 최소화 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 장면 전환 검출에 관해 State(상태) 알고리즘, Standard deviation(표준편차) 알고리즘, Percentage(가중치) 알고리즘 등을 이용한 장면 전환 검출의 성능 시험을 했다. Stage 알고리즘은 n상태로 나누어서 이루어지고, Standard deviation 알고리즘은 통계적 측면을 다룬 것이고, Percentage 알고리즘은 비례에 의해 이루어진다. 그 중에 Percentage를 이용한 장면 전환 검출 알고리즘은 다른 알고리즘에 비해 능동적이고 효율적임을 보여 이를 제안한다. GCRA(Generic Cell Rate Algorithm)를 통해 트래픽 관련 파라미터의 지정에 관련한 Nonconforming 셀률에 의한 CDVT와 PCR의 분석을 시도한다. 이 때에도 마찬가지로 Percentage 알고리즘과 GCRA를 장면 전환 검출 데이터와의 상관관계를 통해 파라미터를 정하여 트래픽 관련 GCRA 알고리즘에 적용할 수 있다.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-81
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• 1992

Lots of physical phenomena which deteriorate the faithfulness of radiological images exist. The most common types of degradation are a loss of resolution and an increase in noise. This article deals with resolution. factors that influence it. and its characterisation. The problem of resolution failure due to a generic blurring phenomenum is described diagramatically and mathematically. for both one dimensional and two dimensional signals. The definition of the point spread function. the line spread function. the convolution integral and the modulation transfer function are made. The concept of frequency domain operations using the Fourier Transform is also discussed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4951-4957
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• 2016

Background: Apart from reducing occupational exposure to cytotoxic hazards, the PhaSeal(R) closed-system transfer device (CSTD) can extend the beyond-use dates (BUDs) of unfinished vials of antineoplastic drugs for up to 168 hours (seven days). In this study, the total material cost incurred by its use in a Malaysian government-funded hospital was calculated. Methods: A list of vial stability following initial needle punctures of 29 commonly-used antineoplastic drugs was compiled. The amount of the materials used, including drugs, infusion bottles, the PhaSeal(R) CSTD and other consumables, was recorded on a daily basis for three months in 2015. The total cost was calculated based on the actual acquisition costs, and was compared with that of a hypothetical scenario, whereby conventional syringe-needle sets were used for the same amounts of preparations. Results: The use of the PhaSeal(R) CSTD incurred a cost of MYR 383,634.52 (USD 92,072.28) in three months, representing an average of MYR 170.5 (USD 40.92) per preparation or an estimated annual cost of MYR 1,534,538.08 (USD 368,289.14). Compared with conventional syringe-needle approach, it is estimated to lead to an additional spending of MYR 148,627.68 (USD 35,670.64) yearly. Conclusion: Although there was a reduction of drug wastage achieved by extending BUDs of unfinished vials using the PhaSeal(R) CSTD, cost saving was not observed, likely attributable to the wide use of lower-priced generic drugs in Malaysia. Future studies should further evaluate the possibility of cost saving, especially in health settings where branded and high-cost antineoplastic drugs are more commonly used.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 2016

This study is part of three-dimensional(3D) heat transfer analysis program developmental process. The program is being developed without it's own built in 3D-modeller. So 3D-model must be created from another 3D-modeller such as generic CAD programs and imported to the developed program. After that, according to the 3D-geometric data form imported model, 3D-mesh created for numerical calculation. But the 3D-model created from another 3D-modeller is likely to have errors in it's geometric data such as mismatch of position between vertexes or surfaces. these errors make it difficult to create 3D-mesh for calculation. These errors are must be detected and cured in the pre-process before creating 3D-mesh. So, in this study four kinds of filters and functions are developed and tested. Firstly, 'vertex error filter' is developed for detecting and curing for position data errors between vertexes. Secondly, 'normal vector error filter' is developed for errors of surface's normal vector in 3D-model. Thirdly, 'intersection filter' is developed for extracting and creating intersection surface between adjacent objects. fourthly, 'polygon-line filter' is developed for indicating outlines of object in 3D-model. the developed filters and functions were tested on several shapes of 3D-models. and confirmed applicability. these developed filters and functions will be applied to the developed program and tested and modified continuously for less errors and more accuracy.