• Title/Summary/Keyword: Generating power

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Study of Deep Learning Based Specific Person Following Mobility Control for Logistics Transportation (물류 이송을 위한 딥러닝 기반 특정 사람 추종 모빌리티 제어 연구)

  • Yeong Jun Yu;SeongHoon Kang;JuHwan Kim;SeongIn No;GiHyeon Lee;Seung Yong Lee;Chul-hee Lee
    • Journal of Drive and Control
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2023
  • In recent years, robots have been utilized in various industries to reduce workload and enhance work efficiency. The following mobility offers users convenience by autonomously tracking specific locations and targets without the need for additional equipment such as forklifts or carts. In this paper, deep learning techniques were employed to recognize individuals and assign each of them a unique identifier to enable the recognition of a specific person even among multiple individuals. To achieve this, the distance and angle between the robot and the targeted individual are transmitted to respective controllers. Furthermore, this study explored the control methodology for mobility that tracks a specific person, utilizing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control techniques. In the PID control method, a genetic algorithm is employed to extract the optimal gain value, subsequently evaluating PID performance through simulation. The SLAM method involves generating a map by synchronizing data from a 2D LiDAR and a depth camera using Real-Time Appearance-Based Mapping (RTAB-MAP). Experiments are conducted to compare and analyze the performance of the two control methods, visualizing the paths of both the human and the following mobility.

Blockchain based SDN multicontroller framework for Secure Sat_IoT networks (안전한 위성-IoT 네트워크를 위한 블록체인 기반 SDN 분산 컨트롤러 구현)

  • June Beom Park;Jong Sou Park
    • The Journal of Bigdata
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.141-148
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    • 2023
  • Recent advancements in the integration of satellite technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the development of a sophisticated network ecosystem, capable of generating and utilizing vast amounts of big data across various sectors. However, this integrated network faces significant security challenges, primarily due to constraints like limited latency, low power requirements, and the incorporation of diverse heterogeneous devices. Addressing these security concerns, this paper explores the construction of a satellite-IoT network through the application of Software Defined Networking (SDN). While SDN offers numerous benefits, it also inherits certain inherent security vulnerabilities. To mitigate these issues, we propose a novel approach that incorporates blockchain technology within the SDN framework. This blockchain-based SDN environment enhances security through a distributed controller system, which also facilitates the authentication of IoT terminals and nodes. Our paper details the implementation plan for this system and discusses its validation through a series of tests. Looking forward, we aim to expand our research to include the convergence of artificial intelligence with satellite-IoT devices, exploring new avenues for leveraging the potential of big data in this context.

The Study of Standardization of Temperature Distribution of Interstitial Hyperthermia -In Phantoms and Living cat's brain tissue (Normal Tissue)- (915 MHz 극초단파 자입온열시 온도분포 적정화에 관한 연구 -조직등가물 및 가묘대뇌를 대상으로-)

  • Kyoung Hwan Koh;Cho Chul Koo;Park Young Hwan;Yoo Seong Yul;Kim Jong Hyun;Lee Seung Hoon
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.7-15
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    • 1990
  • The ultimate objective of our experiment is to obtain the precise distribution of temperature in malignant tumors occurring in cerebral parenchyme of human beings when we will carry out interstitial hyperthermia in the near future. To achieve this purpose, first of all, it is necessary to make an attempt at performing interstitial hyperthermia in vivo under the similar condition of human beings. Therefore, we chose cats as materials much alike tissue characteristics of human beings. Moreover, it is also necessary to get the basic data from dynamic phantom in order to standardize and compare results obtained from interstitial hyperthermia carried out in cats. By having performed these experiments we got the following results. 1) On doing interstitial hyperthermia with 915 MHz microwave, the possible treated volume was 2 cm by 2 cm by 6 cm according to $50\%$ specific absorption rate (SAR). 2) The distribution of temperature within non-circulated static phantom was much the same as power density in air, but we observed that the temperature, within $5\~10$ minutes, rose to more higher than $55^{\circ}C$ not measured with Ga-As fiberoptic thermistor which was not impeded by microwave after performing interstitial hyperthermia. 3) Within dynamic phantom in which normal saline was circulating, temperature reached steady state which was maintained for more than 45 minutes through transit period in 5 minutes after starting interstitial hyperthermia. 4) When we interrupted circulation in the dynamic phantom, we observed that temperature rose to the same level as in the static phantom. 5) We could carry out interstitial hyperthermia safely when we used the generating power below 5 watts. Abrupt interruption of circulation caused a rapid increase in temperature. Times taking to rise to maximum $55^{\circ}C$ were 15.2 minutes (SE 0.4),9.7 minutes (SE 0.3), and 6.3 min-utes (SE 0.4) respectively with generating powers of 5,10, and 15 watts.

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Calculation of Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration of KLDAS applying Ground-Observed Meteorological Data (지상관측 기상자료를 적용한 KLDAS(Korea Land Data Assimilation System)의 토양수분·증발산량 산출)

  • Park, Gwangha;Kye, Changwoo;Lee, Kyungtae;Yu, Wansik;Hwang, Eui-ho;Kang, Dohyuk
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.37 no.6_1
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    • pp.1611-1623
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    • 2021
  • Thisstudy demonstratessoil moisture and evapotranspiration performance using Korea Land Data Assimilation System (KLDAS) under Korea Land Information System (KLIS). Spin-up was repeated 8 times in 2018. In addition, low-resolution and high-resolution meteorological data were generated using meteorological data observed by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea Rural Community Corporation (KRC), Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd. (KHNP), Korea Water Resources Corporation (K-water), and Ministry of Environment (ME), and applied to KLDAS. And, to confirm the degree of accuracy improvement of Korea Low spatial resolution (hereafter, K-Low; 0.125°) and Korea High spatial resolution (hereafter, K-High; 0.01°), soil moisture and evapotranspiration to which Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) and ASOS-Spatial (ASOS-S) used in the previous study were applied were evaluated together. As a result, optimization of the initial boundary condition requires 2 time (58 point), 3 time (6 point), and 6 time (3 point) spin-up for soil moisture. In the case of evapotranspiration, 1 time (58 point) and 2 time (58 point) spin-ups are required. In the case of soil moisture to which MERRA-2, ASOS-S, K-Low, and K-High were applied, the mean of R2 were 0.615, 0.601, 0.594, and 0.664, respectively, and in the case of evapotranspiration, the mean of R2 were 0.531, 0.495, 0.656, and 0.677, respectively, indicating the accuracy of K-High was rated as the highest. The accuracy of KLDAS can be improved by securing a large number of ground observation data through the results of this study and generating high-resolution grid-type meteorological data. However, if the meteorological condition at each point is not sufficiently taken into account when converting the point data into a grid, the accuracy is rather lowered. For a further study, it is expected that higher quality data can be produced by generating and applying grid-type meteorological data using the parameter setting of IDW or other interpolation techniques.

Electricity Generation and De-contamination Effect for Characteristic Electrode Material in a Microbial Fuel Cell System Using Bay Sediment (MFC의 금속 및 탄소전극에 의한 전기생산 특성과 오염저감 효과)

  • Kwon, Sung-Hyun;Song, Hyung-Jin;Lee, Eun-Mi;Cho, Dae-Chul;Rhee, In-Hyoung
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.19 no.8
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    • pp.951-960
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    • 2010
  • Sediment works as a resource for electric cells. This paper was designed in order to verify how sediment cells work with anodic material such as metal and carbon fiber. As known quite well, sediment under sea, rivers or streams provides a furbished environment for generating electrons via some electron transfer mechanism within specific microbial population or corrosive oxidation on the metal surfaces in the presence of oxygen or water molecules. We experimented with one type of sediment cell using different anodic material so as to attain prolonged, maximum electric power. Iron, Zinc, aluminum, copper, zinc/copper, and graphite felt were tested for anodes. Also, combined type of anodes-metal embedded in the graphite fiber matrix-was experimented for better performances. The results show that the combined type of anodes exhibited sustainable electricity production for ca. 600 h with max. $0.57\;W/m^2$ Al/Graphite. Meanwhile, graphite-only electrodes produced max. $0.11\;W/m^2$ along with quite stationary electric output, and for a zinc electrode, in which the electricity generated was not stable with time, therefore resulting in relatively sharp drop in that after 100 h or so, the maximum power density was $0.64\;W/m^2$. It was observed that the corrosive reaction rates in the metal electrodes might be varied, so that strength and stability in the electric performances(voltage and current density) could be affected by them. In addition to that, COD(chemical oxygen demand) of the sediment of the cell system was reduced by 17.5~36.7% in 600 h, which implied that the organic matter in the sediment would be partially converted into non-COD substances, that is, would suggest a way for decontamination of the aged, anaerobic sediment as well. The pH reduction for all electrodes could be a sign of organic acid production due to complicated chemical changes in the sediment.

Effects of Biogas Composition Variations on Engine Performance (바이오가스의 성분 변화가 엔진 성능에 주는 영향)

  • Park, Seung-Hyun;Park, Cheol-Woong;Kim, Young-Min;Lee, Sun-Youp;Kim, Chang-Gi
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.25-30
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    • 2011
  • Biogas obtained from the biodegradable organic wastes in an anaerobic digester consists of $CH_4$ and inert gases such as $CO_2$ and $N_2$. Since the composition of biogas varies by anaerobic digester conditions and the origin of wastes, it is necessary to respond to these variations so as to make stable combustion and accomplish high efficiency when it is used as a fuel for power generating SI engines. In this study, efforts have been made to investigate the effect of changes in the calorific values of biogas on the engine performance and exhaust characteristics. The biogas was simulated by supplying of $CH_4$ with $N_2$ dilution of various ratios, and ECM was developed to achieve accurate control of ignition and combustion. The results show that as the $CH_4$ concentration of the biogas decreases, the optimal spark timing is advanced due to the elevated thermal capacity and lowered $O_2$ concentration of the in-cylinder charge. Furthermore, since combustion temperature was reduced by increased inert gas, $NO_x$ emissions decreased, whereas THC emissions increased.

Communication Method for Torque Control of Commercial Diesel Engine in Range-Extended Electric Trash Truck (주행거리 연장형 청소용 전기자동차에 장착된 상용 디젤엔진의 토크제어를 위한 통신 방안)

  • Park, Young-Kug
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.7
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2018
  • This paper describes new communication methods for transmitting torque commands between the vehicle controller that determines the amount of power generation in a range-extended electric vehicle and the engine controller that performs it. Generally, vehicles use CAN communication, but in this case, the hardware and software of the existing engine controller must be modified. For this reason, it is not easy to apply CAN communication to small and medium sized automotive reorganize companies. Therefore, this research presents a pin-pin communication method for applying the existing mass produced engine controller to range-extended electric vehicles. The pin-pin communication method converts the driver's demand torque control map inside an mass produced engine controller into a virtual accelerator opening position according to the target speed and target torque of the engine, and converts this to a voltage signal for the existing mass produced engine controller to recognize it. The virtual accelerator opening positions are mounted in the form of a control map in the vehicle controller through the reverse conversion process in an offline environment and are determined by the engine generating power requirements and engine optimal operating point algorithm. These algorithms and signal conversion circuits for engine torque transmission have been mounted on the vehicle controller to conduct the virtual accelerator opening position conversion process according to the engine target torque and to establish the virtual accelerator voltage signal using the signal converter.

A study on the estimation of river water intake using the operating time of the pumping station (양수장의 가동시간을 이용한 하천수 취수량 산정방안 연구)

  • Baek, Jongseok;Kim, Chiyoung;Cha, Jun-Ho;Song, Jaehyun
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.53 no.2
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    • pp.89-96
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    • 2020
  • Water management agencies under the Ministry of Environment produce and accumulate qualified basic data for major rivers. However, the integrated management of the river water has been weak since the artificial water circulation process, such as the intaking and drainage of agricultural water, has not been examined in the basin, which includes many agricultural land. In this study, a study was conducted on how the power usage method (operating time method) based on the running time can be applied and improved among indirect flow rate measurement methods used to investigate flow rates collected by the riverside for agricultural water purposes, and thus the resultant data of high reliability can be obtained at low cost. The operation time method is suitable for small-scale water pumping stations where it is difficult to secure real-time power supply data. The reliability of the data was verified through the correlation analysis with the actual flow rate, and it was found that the flow rate calculated by the operation time method reflecting the level of the stream to which the inlet of the pumping station is connected can be reasonably matched with the actual flow rate. In addition, it was confirmed that the investment cost at the time of initial installation of the facility was highly efficient by generating qualified flow data at low cost through comparison with direct flow rate measurement methods. If flow data is secured by applying the operation time method to large and small water farms located along the riverside, it is expected that more quantitative and integrated stream water management will be possible.

Production of Solar Fuel by Plasma Oxidation Destruction-Carbon Material Gasification Conversion (플라즈마 산화분해-탄화물 가스화 전환에 의한 태양연료 생산)

  • Song, Hee Gaen;Chun, Young Nam
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.72-78
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    • 2020
  • The use of fossil fuel and biogas production causes air pollution and climate change problems. Research endeavors continue to focus on converting methane and carbon dioxide, which are the major causes of climate change, into quality energy sources. In this study, a novel plasma-carbon converter was proposed to convert biogas into high quality gas, which is linked to photovoltaic and wind power and which poses a problem on generating electric power continuously. The characteristics of conversion and gas production were investigated to find a possibility for biogas conversion, involving parametric tests according to the change in the main influence variables, such as O2/C ratio, total gas feed rate, and CO2/CH4 ratio. A higher O2/C ratio gave higher conversions of methane and carbon dioxide. Total gas feed rate showed maximum conversion at a certain specified value. When CO2/CH4 feed ratio was decreased, both conversions increased. As a result, the production of solar fuel by plasma oxidation destruction-carbon material gasification conversion, which was newly suggested in this study, could be known as a possibly useful technology. When O2/C ratio was 0.8 and CO2/CH4 was 0.67 while the total gas supply was at 40 L min-1 (VHSV = 1.37), the maximum conversions of carbon dioxide and methane were achieved. The results gave the highest production for hydrogen and carbon dioxide which were high-quality fuel.

Effect of Electron-beam Irradiaton on the Artificial Bone Substitutes Composed of Hydroxyapatite and Tricalcium Phosphate Mixtures with Type I Collagen (수산화인회석과 인산삼칼슘 및 1형 콜라젠 혼합골의 전자빔 조사 효과)

  • Park, Jung Min;Kim, Soung Min;Kim, Min Keun;Park, Young Wook;Myoung, Hoon;Lee, Byung Cheol;Lee, Jong Ho;Lee, Suk Keun
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.38-50
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect and potential of electron beam (E-beam) irradiation treatment to the synthetic bony mixtures composed of hydroxyapatite (HA; Bongros$^{(R)}$, Bio@ Co., Korea) and tricalcium phosphate (${\beta}$-TCP, Sigma-Aldrich Co., USA), mixed at various ratios and of type I collagen (Rat tail, BD Biosciences Co., Sweden) as an organic matrix. Methods: We used 1.0~2.0 MeV linear accelerator and 2.0 MeV superconductive linear accelerator (power 100 KW, pressure 115 kPa, temperature $-30{\sim}120^{\circ}C$, sensor sensitivity 0.1~1.2 mV/kPa, generating power sensitivity 44.75 mV/kPa, supply voltage $5{\pm}0.25$ V) with different irradiation dose, such as 1, 30 and 60 kGy. Structural changes in this synthetic bone material were studied in vitro, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elementary analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), attenuated total reflection (ATR), and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Results: The large particular size of HA was changed after E-beam irradiation, to which small particle of TCP was engaged with organic collagen components in SEM findings. Conclusion: The important new in vitro data to be applicable as the substitutes of artificial bone materials in dental and medical fields will be able to be summarized.