• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.269-277
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• 2016

This study was aimed to study the effects of adolescents' outdoor sports and e-sports activities on their holistic health. In order for this, adolescent holistic health has been divided into three categories: physical health, mental health, and social health; and reviewed existing research on outdoor sports and e-sports. The research has found several variables for measuring the correlation between the two types of sports. The variables cover four areas: 1) General Information, determined by gender, age, preferred sport, and length of play; 2) Physical Health, as measured by six questions in the basic PAPS (Physical Activity Promotion System) survey; 3) Mental Health, as measured by stress index, self-efficacy, subjective health, and self-esteem; and 4) Social Health, as measured by variables relating to family, friends, school, and society. A total of 36 questions were devised, with 1-4 questions in each area. Primarily it examined the mental health social health. As a result, it was found that three factors have a difference such that the significance of self satisfaction. family relationships, friendships is 0.064, 0.012, 0.088 respectably.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.5011-5017
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• 2012

Background: Overexposure to sunlight in childhood and the adolescent period and associsated sunburns significantly increase the risk of skin cancer in adulthood. In Turkey, the incidence of skin cancer in the general population is 0.8%. The incidence is 0.6% and the mortality rate is 0.4% for men, while these rates are 1.0% and 0.7%, respectively, for women. If skin cancer is found early, its treatment is facilitated. Therefore, personal skin examination is important for early diagnosis. Objectives: Our aim was to determine the effects of training for raising consciousness among adolescents to protect against skin cancer by influencing skin self examination behavior. Method: This quasi experimental intervention study was conducted between February and April 2012 in Izmir. The study population consisted of students attending $6^{th}$, $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ classes of a primary school (n:302). No sampling was performed. Data were collected with a form developed by the researchers based on the literature. The first part of form is aimed to determine demographic characteristics of adolescents (3 questions) and their risk status of skin cancer (6 questions). The second part was prepared for skin cancer risks of adolescents (8 questions) and indications of skin cancer (12 questions). The last part was intended to determine their knowledge about skin self examination (4 questions) and behavioral stages of skin self examination (1 question). Data collection was achieved with a questionnaire form in three phases. In the 1st phase, data about demographic characteristics of students, risk status of skin cancer, knowledge level of skin cancer and behavior stages were collected. In the $2^{nd}$ phase, skin self examination training based on the transtheoretical model was performed within the same day just after obtaining preliminary data. In the $3^{rd}$ phase, adolescents were followed up three times to establish the efficacy of the training (on the $15^{th}$ day after training program and at end of the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ months). Follow-up data were evaluated by questioning skin self examination performing behavior stages through electronic mail. Results: Half of the adolescents (50.5%) are male, and 58.4% of them are 13 years old with a mean age of $12{\pm}1.15$ years. About 29.4% of adolescents had brown hair color, 37.9% had brown/hazel eye color, 29.4% had white skin, and 47.2% had fewer than 10 moles in their body. The pretest mean score on knowledge level about risks of skin cancer was found to be $4.19{\pm}1.96$, while the post-test mean score was $6.79{\pm}1.67$ (min:0, max:8).The pretest mean score about indications of skin cancer was $7.45{\pm}3.76$, while the post-test mean score was $10.7{\pm}2.60$ (min:0, max:12). The increases were statistically significant (p<0.05). The behavior "I do not perform skin self examination regularly in every month and I do not think to perform it in the next 6 months" was reduced from 52.8 to 35.5% after training. Conclusion: The training program organized to raise consciousness among adolescents for protection against skin cancer increased the knowledge level about risks and indications of skin cancer and it also improved the behavior of performing skin self examination.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.19-36
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to find out the general public's perception of Korean Medicine (KM) treatment for traffic accident (TA) patients during pregnancy. Methods: A self-developed questionnaire was distributed to outpatients and inpatients between the ages of 19 and 70 at KM hospitals located in Bucheon. The subjects were asked whether they thought KM treatment could be applied to TA patients during pregnancy. The perceptions of acupuncture, pharmacupuncture, herbal medicine, and Chuna treatment during pregnancy were also investigated. Results: 87.50% answered that KM treatment could be applied to TA patients during pregnancy. Most respondents thought that musculoskeletal symptoms of TA could be treated with KM (85.71%). 93.75%, 87.50%, 56.25%, and 52.08% of the respondents said they were willing to recommend acupuncture, pharmacupuncture, herbal medicine, and Chuna treatment to patients after TA during pregnancy. The respondents answered that acupuncture (95.83%), pharmacupuncture (91.67%), herbal medicine (62.50%), and Chuna (66.67%) is effective for pain controlling during pregnancy, and acupuncture (8.33%), pharmacupuncture (12.50%), herbal medicine (45.83%), and Chuna (39.58%) could be affect the risk of premature birth, miscarriage or birth defects. Conclusions: Acupuncture and pharmacupunture treatment are perceived positively, whereas herbal medicine and Chuna treatment are perceived negatively by the general public for the TA patients during pregnancy. In order to establish the correct awareness of KM treatment for TA patients during pregnancy, more clinical studies and case reports on the efficacy and safety of KM treatment during pregnancy are required.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.275-284
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• 2020

Objectives: Police officers may be at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population due to their highstress occupation. This study evaluated how an educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) may protect police officers from developing CVD. Methods: In this single-group experimental study, 58 police officers in Iran participated in a 5-week intervention based on HBM principles. Outcomes included changes in scores on an HBM scale, time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The intervention consisted of 5 HBM-based educational sessions. Follow-up was conducted at 3 months post-intervention. The paired t-test was used to examine differences between baseline and follow-up scores. Results: All aspects of the HBM scale improved between baseline and follow-up (p<0.05), except the cues to action subscale. Self-efficacy and preventive behaviors improved the most. BMI decreased from 26.7±2.9 kg/㎡ at baseline to 25.8±2.4 kg/㎡ at follow-up. All components of the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein, showed significant improvements post-intervention. Blood glucose and blood pressure also decreased, but not significantly. Nearly 25% of participants who were not physically active at baseline increased their physical activity above or beyond the healthy threshold. Conclusions: A relatively brief educational intervention based on HBM principles led to a significant improvement in CVD risk factors among police officers. Further research is needed to corroborate the effectiveness of this intervention.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.29-37
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• 2015

Entering the convergence education era, the emergence of smart devices removed the constraint of time and space for study, so if we use smart devices appropriately for education, it will strengthen students' abilities and cultivate creative human resource. Therefore the current study analyzed the general application condition of the smart devices through surveys targeted to students and proposed a measure in applying the smart device as an educational information. In relation to information application, a test was proceeded after carrying out education targeted to experiment group students by naming the group information search, communication, cooperation, sharing, report generation, data storage, online assessment and project management activity. Through the test and survey analysis, it was discovered that the experiment group students displayed higher self-efficacy and ability in applying the smart device as information compared to the control group.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.247-264
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find the determinants for the type(Franchising or Independent Entrepreneurship) of new venture creation. This study conducted an empirical analysis on a total of 398 samples of survey gathered from people in Seoul, Gyoeng-gi, Daegu, and Gyeonsangbuk-do. This study includes not only personal traits, but also entrepreneurial intention and network as independent variables. Findings of the analysis reported that Entrepreneurial intention, Need for achievement, Autonomy, Entrepreneurship, Self-efficacy, Education, Network, Age, and Income have significant discriminant power, in order of priority, on general two groups of Franchising and Independent Entrepreneurship. However, in the study, autonomy is revealed as the sole discriminant factor on considering venture creation groups. Based on the result, the study contributes theoretical and practical implications in relation to the determinants for the type of franchising or independent entrepreneurship.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.278-294
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• 1998

This study was planned to provide basic data for activating quality improvement by genera hospital with more than 400 beds across the country, of which 65 coordinators answered. Main results of the study are as follows.. 1. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment by individual characteristics were compared. It was revealed that the sense of self-efficacy was related to job satisfaction positively. But job satisfaction and organizational commitment by locus of control showed no significant difference. 2. In terms of the characteristics of QI activities, the active participation of QI coordinators in QI planning process and smooth communication among hospital staffs were showed positive relationship to job satisfaction significantly. 3. Also support system was proposed as most significant variable related to the job satisfaction and the organizational commitment of QI coordinators. Especially support to QI activities by CEO's, seniors, and other hospital staff was a factor to enhance the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of QI coordinators. 4. In the aspect of organizational culture, culture which were tendency to be recognized high autonomy in their work and organizational identity strongly and to operate reasonable compensation system were related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment positively. The more formalized climate, supportive communication, cooperative teamwork and promoting creative/risk take behavior, it showed the higher organizational commitment. 5. For the aspect of QI job characteristics, QI coordinators' job satisfaction was high when QI office was arranged for independent department which was exclusively in charge of QI activities and their role is exclusively in charge of QI. It can be concluded that organizational support in the aspect of relation and finance and efforts of encouraging their motivation and providing on the job training program are need.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.67-82
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• 2017

The study intends to examine the effects of the fishing license system on fisheries resources in order to reduce the adverse effects of recreational fishing, such as fishery resource reduction and environmental pollution. In doing so, the research question of the study is to determine what factors influence anglers' willingness to support fishing licenses. Based on the extended theory of planned behavior, we further included explanatory variables such as recreation specialization and motivations besides anglers' attitudes, norms and self-efficacy towards the environment and proposed six research hypotheses. The data were collected through on-site and online surveys in Gwangju and Cheonnam province and a total of 337 effective questionnaires were collected for data analysis. Three different binary logit models were employed with the dependent variable of anglers'willingness to support fishing licenses to assess the effects of explanatory variables. Study results show that social norms, the level of recreation specialization, motivation factors related to environmental experiences positively affected anglers'willingness to support fishing licenses. However, anglers'consumptive orientation attitudes such as catching big fish, motivation factors related to activity general experience preferences and previous fishing experience had negative effects on the dependent variables. Study results indicate that public outreach and education programs are essential to successfully introduce the fishing license system. Managerial and policy-related implications are further discussed to make recreational fishing a more environment-friendly recreational activity. This study investigated the effects of diverse variables derived from anglers' social-psychological characteristics on their support for fishing licenses and suggest diverse policy-related and managerial implications.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.135-163
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• 2013

This study dealt with the measurements of the positive psychological experience of high school students in relation to mathematics learning by using PPE-M. The purpose of this study is to compare the positive psychology of the high school students based on the grade and gender variables. Measured data for the purpose of this study examined the difference between the gifted students and the general students through a t-test. In addition, differences were analyzed by grade and gender variables. And One-way ANOVA was conducted to see the difference according to the course variables. The difference between the two groups was meaningful in PPE-M total score. There was meaningful difference in all of 5 areas and 19 factors except for 4 factors (Insight, Honesty, Full with pride, and Achievement). However, there was no difference according to grade levels. The comparison between the gender in the ordinary students shows meaningful difference in 11 factors, not in 12 (Judgment, Insight, Honesty, Prudence, Modesty & Kindness, Gratitude & Happiness, Flow, Superiority feeling, Achievement, High pleasure, Full with pride, and Self-efficacy). Affiliation makes meaningful difference in 22 factors except for Honesty.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.679-685
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the change of the salivary flow rate, xerostomia, and oral health-related quality of life in the elderly people after the application of oral massage. Methods: The subjects were 101 elderly people at two senior welfare centers in Mokpo from November, 2012 to January, 2013 by the application of oral massage. The final subjects were 56 elderly people who participated in the massage more than 15 times of 20. They were measured for saliva flow rate, xerostomia, and OHIP. On the first and the last day, a self-reported questionnaire was completed by the elderly people. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, oral health related knowledge, symptoms and behavior of xerostomia, and OHIP. OHIP included functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap, and was measured by Likert 5 point scale. Results: The salivary flow rate of the elderly people increased after the implementation of the program. There was a significant improvement in xerostomia, functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, and social efficacy (p<0.001). Conclusions : The oral massage program enhanced the oral function of the elderly people, and had an influence on the improvement of oral health-related quality of life.