• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.4361-4369
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• 2014

중년기는 가정과 사회에서 중추적인 역할수행 시기인 동시에 신체, 심리, 사회적으로 많은 변화와 문제를 안고 있는 시기이다. 성역할정체감은 개인의 적응에 영향을 미치는 요소가 되므로, 여러 가지 스트레스 상황에 직면해 있는 중년기 남성 40명을 대상으로 인간의 주관성을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 Q방법론을 이용하여 성역할정체감의 유형과 유형별 특성을 확인하였다. 수집된 자료는 QUANL에 의한 주인자분석법으로 처리하였다. 중년기 남성의 성역할정체감은 '온정과묵형', '파워소신형', '온정감성형'의 세 가지 유형으로 확인되었다. 중년기 남성의 성역할정체감은 전통적인 남성상이라고 할 수 있는 과묵함과 소신과 함께, 시대적 변화와 발달 단계적 측면이 반영되어 타인에 대한 배려, 여유 및 감성을 보이는 여성성도 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 특성을 고려하여 중년기 남성 대상자를 이해할 필요가 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

우리나라의 사회보험제도는 외형상 성중립성 및 보편주의를 지향하는 제도로 확대되어 왔다. 그러나 남성부양자모델에 기초하여 가정 내의 성별분업 및 노동시장의 성차별적 지위를 그대로 반영함으로써 여성들의 종속적 지위를 유지 및 강화하는데 기여하고 있다. 본 연구는 지면의 한계상 우리나라 사회보험의 대표 격인 국민연금을 성인지적으로 분석한다. 우리나라 국민연금의 규정을 보면 남성정규직 임금노동자 중심이어서 정규직 임금노동자로의 진입에 제한받는 여성들을 국민연금에서 배제하거나 주변화 되게 한다. 그리고 여성들의 가사 및 보살핌 노동은 권리자격으로 인정받지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 성인지적 분석 결과를 기초로 국민연금의 성차별적 속성을 파악하고 이 제도가 보다 성인지적이고 성평등적인 방향으로 변화될 수 있는 대안을 제시한다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.50-65
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• 2004

Despite the new wave of diverse philosophical thoughts in nursing, the criteria for theory evaluation rarely incorporate the new thoughts in its realm. Especially, feminist thoughts, which have contributed to the development of nursing knowledge through incorporating diversities and complexities of nursing phenomenon and reflecting social, cultural, and historical contexts surrounding nursing encounters, were rarely incorporated into the evaluation criteria. In this paper, a feminist approach to theory evaluation is proposed based on a critical analysis of the existing evaluation criteria. First, a historical review of feminist thoughts is provided, and feminist principles across diverse groups of thinking within feminism are discussed. Then, theory evaluation criteria are historically analyzed and critiqued while considering the feminist principles. The critical points found in the currently available theory evaluation criteria include: (a) the evaluation criteria are based on objectivity, (b) they are ignoring gender differences; (c) cultural differences tend not to be seriously considered; and (d) contexts surrounding nursing phenomenon are rarely considered. Based on the critical points, four additional components for theory evaluation are proposed. The components are: (a) respect for subjectivity; (b) historical and sociopolitical contextual considerations; (c) gender sensitivity; (d) cultural competence; and (e) blueprint for action.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

Due to a series of online sex crimes cases and online class conversions caused by the spread of the coronavirus, alternatives to sex education in schools are urgently required. As a result of this study, the metaverse sex education platform was designed. Using this platform, learners are expected to cultivate correct adult awareness and digital citizenship. Within the metaverse platform, learners can participate more actively in learning. Instead of exposing one's name and face in a place dealing with sensitive gender issues, one can participate in education through his or her decorated avatar and participate in education much more actively than face-to-face education and express one's opinion through chat. In addition, education by level can be received regardless of time and place, which can have the effect of bridging the educational gap between urban and rural areas. In this paper, we propose a new sex education platform without time and space constraints by utilizing metaverse.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2012

Objectives : We hypothesized that reinforcing-reducing manipulations produce different effects by quantity of stimulation, and examined whether the difference is statistically significant or not. Methods : The study was conducted to the students of College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University. We needled into $ST_{36}$ and applied 6 kinds of basic reinforcing-reducing manipulations in Huang di nei jing by randomized sequence. And we had the students to fill up the questionnaire in form of visual analog scale(VAS). We examined whether significant differences in VAS existed between reinforcing-reducing manipulations(by t-test). And we examined whether significant differences in VDRRT(VAS difference between reinforcing-reducing technique) values existed along the gender, body mass index(BMI), age(by t-test), and psychological sensitivity(by ANOVA). Results : 1. The total stimulation quantity from reducing technique was significantly higher than that from reinforcing technique. Individually VAS values of reducing techniques were significantly higher in rotation, slow-rapid, lift-thrust, respiration and open-close manipulation. 2. The highest stimulation quantity was from rotation manipulation. And the highest VDRRT value was from slow-rapid manipulation. 3. When VDRRT values were analyzed by gender, age, BMI, and psychological sensitivity, VDRRT was significantly different by BMI in rotation manipulation, and by psychological sensitivity in rotation, lift-thrust, and slow-rapid manipulation. Conclusions : We could verify that reinforcing-reducing techniques induce different therapeutic effects by different quantities of stimulations. It suggests that reinforcing-reducing techniques could be applied universally, regardless of gender or age. Further studies are needed to consider control group, or patient groups in characteristic conditions.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.327-341
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• 1998

Aims : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are any changes in taste sensitivity with advancing age and to see if smoking or oral hygiene can affect the taste sensitivity. Method : Nine hundred and thirty four subjects(458 male and 476 females) were included for the study and they were categorized into 4 age groups( under 20, 20 to 39, 40 to 59, and over 60 age group ). The electrical taste thresholds were measured using an electrogustometer for the 4 different sites in the oral cavity, I.e., tongue tip, tougue alteral, circumvallate papilla, and soft palate. Results : The elctrical taste thresholds were significantly incresed with advancing age in both gender, but the pattern of change is moere abrupt in female after 40. There were not significant differences in electrical taste threshold between smoking and non-smoking people. Taste thresholds were significantly lower in the groups with higher frequency of daily toothbrushing than the groups with lower frequency Conclusion : The electrical taste threshold is increased with aging. It is not influenced by smoking but by toothbrushing.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.715-728
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• 2012

This research aims at examining the relationships between mother-toddler interaction and its related variables. A total of 49 toddlers and their mothers were participated and observed in the child lab during free play. The main results of this study are as follows. First, among the mother-toddler interaction, 'involvement' was frequently used in comparison with the 'rejection' was the hardly used in their interaction. Second, the mothers' sensitivity, parenting stress, and the mother-toddler interaction had no significant difference by the mothers' job status or gender of toddlers. However, their parenting stress was lower in working mothers or mothers who have girls. Third, mother-toddler interaction was significantly correlated with the mothers' sensitivity, parenting stress, parenting style, and the temperament of toddlers. On the basis of this results, the implication related to the variables influencing mother-toddler interaction was discussed.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between COVID-19-related depressive symptoms and oral health among Korean adolescents. Methods: Data from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used and analyzed by the chi-squared test, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0. The final study population comprised 54,835 individuals. Results: The rates of toothache, gingival bleeding, tooth fracture, and tooth sensitivity were 21.2, 19.1, 8.7, and 30.6%, respectively. The rates of equal, increased, and decreased COVID-19-related depressive symptoms were 53.4, 36.9, and 9.7%, respectively. The rates of toothache, gingival bleeding, and tooth sensitivity were significantly higher (49.0, 48.3, and 46.3%, respectively) in the increased depressive symptom group than that in the decreased depressive symptom group (7.7, 8.1, and 7.7%, respectively). After adjusting for gender, school grade, school record, household economic status, tooth brushing frequency, smoking habit, and alcohol consumption, the risks of toothache, gingival bleeding, and tooth sensitivity in the increased depressive symptom group were symptom group were 1.64 (95% CI: 1.51-1.78), 1.55 (95% CI: 1.43-1.68), and 1.77 (95% CI: 1.65-1.89), respectively. Conclusions: There was a significant increase in oral symptoms in the group with increased depressive symptoms.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 공대 교수, 학생, 기업의 성인지에 대한 사고를 조사하였다. 한국교통대학교 공대 교수 59명, 남학생 226명, 여학생 109명, 그리고 충북에 소재한 기업의 인사담당자 28명을 대상으로 하였다. 교수 대상 설문지는 26문항, 학생용은 30문항, 기업용은 5문항으로 구성하였다. 분석은 ${\chi}^2$ 교차분석방법을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 교수는 일반적으로 성차이에 대한 인식을 가지고 있었다. 교수들은 여학생이 리더십이 부족하고 성공에 대한 자신감이 낮다고 생각하였다. 또한 여학생의 취업에 불이익이 있다고 인식하였다. 그러나 그들은 이러한 생각을 교육이나 취업 안내에 반영하지 않았다. 여학생들 역시 취업에 대한 자신감이 낮았으며, 공학교육에서 성인지적 교수법이 적용되지 않는다고 생각하였다. 여학생들은 남학생보다 공학전공에 대해 부정적이었으며, 교수의 인식과 유사하였다. 한편 남학생은 동료 여학생의 성인지에 대해 무심하였다. 기업의 취업담당자들의 인식은 교수나 학생의 인식과 달랐다. 이러한 연구 결과로부터 교수와 학생의 취업에 대한 인식이 변화되어야 함을 알 수 있다. 여학생들을 위한 더 나은 공학전공교육을 위하여 앞으로 연구가 필요하다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2009

This study aimed to find out the difference of ordinary symptom according to Sasang Constitution and Gender. We collected 1241 subjects who had been diagnosed by the Sasang Constitution specialist and confirmed with Sasang Constitution drug response in the thirteen oriental hospitals. We researched ordinary symptoms through a paper and used Chi-square test to know association between items and Sasang constitution. There are significantly different items according to Sasang Constitutions statistically, which are "amount", "speed", "indigestion" and "appetite" in meal, "amount", "feeling after sweat" in sweat, "thickness" in feces, "foam" and "frequency" in urine, "sensitivity and hand, feet of part" in heat and cold" and "amount and habit" in drinking water". In male, "indigestion", "frequency in urine", "a lots of dream" and "hard to sleep" in Soeumin, "sweat in head and face" "foam of urine" and "warm of abdomen" in Taeeumin were different among Sasang Constitutions. In female, "sweat in chest" in Soeumin, "short time of feces" in Soyangin were different among Sasang Constitutions. From the above results, ordinary symptoms were different according to Sasang Constitutions. and in some part, there are also gender differences of Sasang Constitution.